Magister Artium - MA (Foreign Languages)
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Item Bibliography Islam & biological evolution exploring classical Sunni sources and methodologies(2010) Jalajel, David Solomon; Mohamed, YasienThis research investigates, within the framework of classical Sunni Islamic scholarship,what we might expect an Islamic opinion about evolution to be,bringing together an accurate and detailed understanding of evolutionary biology as the field stands today with a systematic consideration of the traditional Islamic sciences.The scope of the study encompasses the scholarly traditions recognized, at least by their respective adherents, to be part of Muslim orthodoxy � referred to in Islamic discourse as Ahl al-Sunnah wa al-Jam??ah or more colloquially as �Sunni�. It covers the works of the scholars of the Ash?ar?, M?tur?d?, and Salaf? theological schools as well as the sources which they all draw upon � the Qur�?n, the Sunnah, and the opinions of the Salaf.The reason for this choice is that these traditions represent for most Muslims the �mainstream� of Islamic thinking, and therefore have a greater relevance for determining what a general Islamic perspective on evolution could be.The study first identifies and defines the methodological approaches of classical Sunni scholarship that have relevance to the question of an Islamic position on biological evolution. It also identifies and defines the issues within the field of Evolutionary Biology that need to be brought under scrutiny. The methods of classical Islamic Theology are then applied to the claims of Evolutionary Biology, drawing on traditional Islamic sources. The result of the study is an extrapolation of what an orthodox Islamic position towards biological evolution could be. Is Islam neutral towards the idea of biological evolution? Does it support it or categorically reject it? Can it accept certain aspects of Evolutionary Biology while rejecting others?Finally, the extrapolated �classical� Islamic position on evolution is compared with the writings of some contemporary Muslim scholars whose views run contrary to that extrapolation. Possible reasons for the discrepancy are explored.Such an interdisciplinary work should provide a valuable frame of reference for a more accurate analysis of the creation-evolution debate unfolding in the Muslim world today.Item Challenges and opportunities/possibilities of implementing the Western Cape language policy(UWC, 2014) Nel, Jo-Mari Anne; Dyers, CharlynThe principle aim of this thesis is to investigate all the challenges and opportunities/possibilities involved in realising the implementation of the official Western Cape Language Policy (finalised in 2002). These challenges and opportunities/possibilities were investigated within various structures of the Western Cape Province of South Africa�s civil service environment in six major multilingual towns in the Western Cape. The historical and political context leading to the creation of this policy is provided in the following three paragraphs. Following the demise of Apartheid with South Africa�s first democratic elections in 1994, the New South Africa brought with it amongst other things the following changes: a new Constitution; new legislation; access and freedom within a system of inclusion; the creation of new provinces; the constitutional breakdown of social, geographical and linguistic barriers; the subsequent migration to different towns and cities of people speaking different languages and their integration there; the creation of district and regional municipalities; freedom of the press. All of these introduced a whole new platform of language interaction and association and therefore general communication (Constitution of the RSA, 1996). In addition, in contrast to the Apartheid policy of only two official languages � English and Afrikaans � eleven languages were declared official languages of the state. The declaration of 11 official languages in 1996 (English, Afrikaans, isiZulu, isiXhosa, Sesotho, Sepedi, Setswana, Tshivenda, isiNdebele, siSwati and Xitsonga) was an integral part of highlighting multilingualism in the newly designated nine provinces of SA. Each of the nine provinces � the Western Cape, Eastern Cape, Northern Cape, Gauteng, the Northwest Province, Northern Province (now called Limpopo), Mpumalanga, the Free State and Kwazulu-Natal - had to, in consultation with different provincial stakeholders, draft language policies according to the National Language Framework. In the Western Cape Province, three languages were identified as dominant, namely Afrikaans, isiXhosa and English. The Western Cape Language Policy (WCLP) was consequently drafted by the Western Cape Language Committee (WCLC), a statutory body and a sub-committee of the Pan South African Language Board (PanSALB), after the Westen Cape Provincial Languages Act, Act 31 of 1998, was accepted by Parliament in 1998. This WCLP was the first provincial language policy to be completed in the New SA. The policy was accepted and the draft was ready for implementation by 2002. This thesis presents a critical overview of previous and current strategies being used by all provincial government departments in the implementation of the WCLP. This includes a sample of general public knowledge of the existence of the terms and meaning of the WCLP, different outcomes of studies and language-related projects done by the WCLC, PanSALB, DCAS and the Central Language Unit (CLU) since 2000. It also focuses on the role that different private and public language implementation agencies are playing, or not, in their communication with the multilingual civil society of the Western Cape. Projections for and challenges facing the implementation of the WCLP since its acceptance in the Western Cape Provincial Parliament (WCPP) in 2004 were also researched carefully, together with an analysis of research already conducted on behalf of the provincial government. Document analysis therefore forms a core part of this methodology, together with fieldwork research conducted in six selected major multilingual towns of the Western Cape. This was done in order to explore the challenges experienced by Afrikaans-, isiXhosa- and English-speaking people at grassroots level, since they needed to become more aware of their language rights as set out in the WCLP. Drawing on a theoretical and conceptual framework based on studies in Language and Power Relations, specifically studies on the role of Language Ideologies, Linguistic Citizenship, Agency and Voice and Language Ecology on effective Language Planning, Policy and Implementation, the thesis presents, through its document analysis, quantitative and qualitative data, an analysis of the limited or failed implementation of the WCLP in both government departments as well as the civilian populations in six selected multilingual towns of the Western Cape. This was achieved by examining actual language practices at particular language policy implementation agencies such as the post office, the police station, the high school, households, the municipal office, the day hospital and the clinic in each of these towns. The thesis gathers together all this evidence to prove that the implementation of the WCLP has been hampered by a range of factors such as wide-spread ignorance of the policy, the dominance of particular languages in the province over others, power relations within government structures and relatively inflexible language ideologies held by those charged with policy implementation at different levels. It concludes by providing a number of practical recommendations on how more effective implementation can be achieved.Item The common link theory in hadith: A comparison between orientalists and Muslim scholars(University of the Western Cape, 2022) Abdullah, Yaqub Yusuf; Mohamed, YasienJoseph Schacht�s (d. 1969) Common-link Theory, together with its generalized conclusions, is a key theoretical framework used by most Western and some modern Muslim scholars of Islamic history. The theory proposes that a figure sitting as a common link in the chain of transmitters (isn?d) is the one responsible for forging the names from him to the Prophet. In addition, the common link is responsible for bringing the particular hadith text (matn) and its isn?d into existence. Thus, names prior to the common link until the Prophet are all fictitious. Muslim hadith critics as far back as the second century of Islam acknowledged the existence of common links in the isn?d; however, their attitude towards it and their conclusion concerning it differed from Western hadith scholars� interpretations.Item The concept of the Sufi Saintly Miracle: A Literary Approach(University of Western cape, 2020) Abdul Nabi, Saleh Ali; Saidi, Mustaphastudy analyses the concept of al-Kar?mah al-S?f?yah (the Sufi Saintly Miracle) in both its religious and literary dimensions. The researcher will shed more light on this genre of narrative literary phenomena by developing its definition and placing it in the social and historical context of the Sufi thought as a whole. Many communities in the Islamic world embrace and practice the Sufi doctrine and also believe in the ??f? Sheikhs� saintly miracles and its paranormal aspects, which they also consider to be parallel in its sacredness to the miracles of the Prophets. Furthermore, in this study the researcher will not only focus on the religious significance of the saintly miracle but also on their literary approach and aesthetic dimensions. In fact many of the contemporary Arab scholars and Litterateurs categorize this narrative discourse to fall under the cloak of al-Adab al-�aj?ib? (miraculous literature) due to the nature of its narrative style and structure from which it achieves its goals, such as: Myth � Legend � Superstition � Storytelling, etc. The study will be mainly qualitative. It is a content analysis study in the sense that the researcher will analyse the stylistic, formal and rhetorical techniques of the saintly miracles� discourse with specific reference to extracts taken from al- Sheikh al-Hassan al- Shadili and al-Sheikh Abdelssalam Bin Machich. The study will use an eclectic theoretical and conceptual framework which combines the historical approach with the reception theory.Item The concept of the Sufi Saintly Miracle: A literary approach(University of the Western Cape, 2019) Nabi, Saleh Ali AbdulThis study analyses the concept of al-Kar?mah al-S?f?yah (the Sufi Saintly Miracle) in both its religious and literary dimensions. The researcher will shed more light on this genre of narrative literary phenomena by developing its definition and placing it in the social and historical context of the Sufi thought as a whole. Many communities in the Islamic world embrace and practice the Sufi doctrine and also believe in the ??f? Sheikhs� saintly miracles and its paranormal aspects, which they also consider to be parallel in its sacredness to the miracles of the Prophets. Furthermore, in this study the researcher will not only focus on the religious significance of the saintly miracle but also on their literary approach and aesthetic dimensions. In fact many of the contemporary Arab scholars and Litterateurs categorize this narrative discourse to fall under the cloak of al-Adab al-�aj?ib? (miraculous literature) due to the nature of its narrative style and structure from which it achieves its goals, such as: Myth � Legend � Superstition � Storytelling, etc. The study will be mainly qualitative. It is a content analysis study in the sense that the researcher will analyse the stylistic, formal and rhetorical techniques of the saintly miracles� discourse with specific reference to extracts taken from al- Sheikh al-Hassan al- Shadili and al-Sheikh Abdelssalam Bin Machich. The study will use an eclectic theoretical and conceptual framework which combines the historical approach with the reception theory,Item A critical analysis of the influence of culture and gender on isiXhosa literature(University of the Western Cape, 2022) Fanishe, Nomvuyiso; Mletshe, LoyisoThe study aims to acquire additional information or earn an improved thoughtful of the prominence of evaluating the influence of culture and gender on isiXhosa literature. The intention is to scrutinize the impression of culture and gender demonstration in literature. Furthermore, to have a detailed indulgence of elements of literature on how the study is constructed. this study anticipates evaluating the supremacy of Xhosa culture and gender in literature. The study is accompanied by the aim and vision of learning and acquiring an understanding of the inspiration of literature in culture by seeing a few mentioned literary texts.Item Diversity and cultural pluralism with regard to globalization and the universality of the message of Islam: A study on the fundamentals of discourse in a diverse and multiplex world(University of the Western Cape, 2022) Sheta, Ahmed Moustafa Mohamed; Saidi, MustaphaGlobalization refers to the process of changing the world into a monolithic system for all who live in it and integrating peoples' economic, social, and intellectual activities regardless of religion, culture, nationality, or ethnicity. The challenge of globalization stems from the perspective that it is in opposition to the realities of plurality and diversity that humankind demonstrates. Races, civilizations, faiths, and passions differ, and it is impossible to remove all the inequalities and distinctions that create the image of human life at any given time. If history cannot be reduced to a single shape, culture, or language, what is the need to reduce the world's diversity to a single style, and what may explain such a trend or theory?Item The female protagonist�s intersection with the African world of actuality in Beyala�s novel Tu T�appelleras Tanga(University of the Western Cape, 2018) Glaeser, Jessica; Assam, Blanche NyingoneIn order to overcome the silence that had been instilled by colonialism, several postcolonial female writers employ fiction to restore their local culture and reflect on their representation in historical writings. For female writers, literature often becomes a medium through which they can become active agents of their own destiny by establishing a voice for themselves. Writing becomes a means of reclaiming traditional discourses relating to women. The following study is primarily focused on Calixthe Beyala, a Franco-Cameroonian novelist, and specifically concentrates on the manner in which Beyala makes use of her female protagonist in Tu t�appelleras Tanga to portray the realities facing African Francophone females. The study aims at illustrating that the female protagonist plays a critical role in mirroring both the conditions of females in African societies and the conditions pertaining to Womanism in a universal context. Through the analysis of the role of the protagonist, the study reveals that there seems to be a relationship between fiction and society which is definite enough for fictional characters to be used as prototypes for social roles and attitudes. In order to further investigate the manner in which African actualities are able to exist in fictional narratives, the study draws an extensive comparison between the fictional narrative Tu t�appelleras Tanga and selected non-fictional Cameroonian laws dating from 1980 to 2017. By addressing the intentions of fictional narratives, the study reveals a possible association between Beyala�s fiction and the African world of actuality relative to the African females� predicament that is associated with patriarchal dominance, prostitution, the lack of agency as well as economic exploitation. To conclude, the paper maintains that Francophone African female novelists, and, in particular, Beyala, make use of fictional narratives to not only highlight the pivotal issues regarding the status of African women but also creates a voice for future female generations to become empowered through the act of narration.Item The female protagonist�s intersection with the African world of actuality in Beyala�s novel Tu t�appelleras Tanga(University of the Western Cape, 2019) Glaeser, Jessica; Assam, Blanche NyingoneIn order to overcome the silence that had been instilled by colonialism, several postcolonial female writers employ fiction to restore their local culture and reflect on their representation in historical writings. For female writers, literature often becomes a medium through which they can become active agents of their own destiny by establishing a voice for themselves. Writing becomes a means of reclaiming traditional discourses relating to women. The following study is primarily focused on Calixthe Beyala, a Franco-Cameroonian novelist, and specifically concentrates on the manner in which Beyala makes use of her female protagonist in Tu t�appelleras Tanga to portray the realities facing African Francophone females. The study aims at illustrating that the female protagonist plays a critical role in mirroring both the conditions of females in African societies and the conditions pertaining to Womanism in a universal context. Through the analysis of the role of the protagonist, the study reveals that there seems to be a relationship between fiction and society which is definite enough for fictional characters to be used as prototypes for social roles and attitudes.Item The foundation of the Caliphate and Imamate in Islam: a comparative study between the Ash?ariyyah and the Im?miyyah from a classical perspective(University of Western Cape, 2009) Ebr?him, Badrud?n sheikh Rash?d; Mohamed, YasienIm?mah, (imamate) literary means leading, and khil?fah (succession) means representative. but, in the terms of "Islamic concept", the medieval theologian and jurists has termed it �Religious�Political leadership�.1 the major dispute concerning the imamate surrounding the question of investiture to exercise the prophet�s comprehensive authority (Wil?yah�?mah), as the temporal and spiritual leader of the ummah (community). From demising of the prophet, the matter of imamate, between Ash?ar? and Sh?�ah (twelve) there are two main opinions. Ash?ar?�s views are prevalent among the early Muslims headed by Ab�bakar and his associates regarded the imamate to be right of the ummah (nation), and they chose Ab�bakar. The Sh?�ah implicitly rejected the previous opinion, and maintained that the leadership was passed on through a special designation. This regarded the imamate divinely invested in �Ali ibn Ab? ??lib, the prophet cousin and son-in-law. Therefore, controversy between Ash?ar? and Sh?�ah on the question of leadership arise after the prophet returns and coherences to the two fundamentals central points: First: The nature of the relationship of the prophethood to the political leadership. The Sh?�ah regarded political leadership as an extension of the prophetic mission after the demise of the prophet: �Meaning that political leadership is not simply political rule but it is the corollary of the interpretation of religion, and takes imamate in depth interpretation�2. Other hands, Ash?ar? consider and include it in the matter of mas?li? Al ??mah (public interest). The Islamic jurists definite the mas?li? al ??mah (public interest), any issue whether it is religion or matter of world that could not fixed with fact proof from holy Qur'?n and prophet�s tradition. Therefore, the matter of caliphate emerges it in the mas?li? al-??mah (public interest) which, relies on human agency. Second: The contract of political leadership and authority between the problematic of mutual consultation and divine appointment. This point focus on �aqd (contract) of khil?fah (repress- entative of God) between leader and ummah (nation) and evolves around the problem of consultation, mainly in the Ash?ar?�s view, which is based on "selection system". So, in the historical experience, it can be noted that the consultation as mechanism in the choosing the ruler was not achieved as an "organized system" neither in the period of the rightly guided caliphs, nor in the periods of dynastic rulers. The imamate as a �supreme leadership� had a major problem issue in the contemporary scholars, both the Islamic and secular, since it was announced in the modern context Dawlah (government), which based on nationality and separated from religious hegemony. Its dialectic, in the present article, is to deal with theological and judicial theory. Therefore, in 1979, the Islamic council of Europe published a �concept of Islamic state�. Most of the figures shaded are based on the Khomeini's thought (the founder of Islamic republic revolution of Iran), and Kar?ch?�s Muslim council scholar (they constituted Ash?ar? view). In the Islamic state, the Khomeini thought based on �the Islamic state is constitutional; Government is based on law and the Paramount legislative authority resides on God himself�. On the other hand,�the Islamic state� shaped as �the principals of an Islamic state which centers on the supremacy of God, citizens rights and proper government� 3 Therefore, caliphate it is difficult to separate or detach from prophethood in the perspective of the commentary and interpretation of equally the Qur'anic and Sunna texts. So, difference between Ash?ar? and Sh?�ah around imm?mah (leadership in Islam) are based on the theological principles which rise from the problem of cosmology, divine justice and human destiny. Therefore, the difference can be based on the idea (thought) about these theological principles.Item A Grammar of Baca and its relation to Swazi, Zulu and Xhosa(University of the Western Cape, 1942) Hallowes, D.P; Dlamini, GeorgeThe material for this work is based" on field work conducted during three. weeks in February and two weeks in September, 1941. Both periods were spent at Lourdes in East Griqualand, a place well suited for a place well suited for the purpose, being the centre of an area inhabited by the Baca people. The only other important area is round Mount Frere. I am indebted to Reverend Father Jakob for his assistance at Lourdes, to Mr L, I. Venable s and Mr. J. A. Campbell, both of the Johannesburg Municipal Native Affairs Department, for their courtesy in placing Baca speakers at my disposal, to Mr. l. A.H Mulcahy of the Main Pass Office , and Mr. A. G. T. Chaplin of the Swaziland. Government office, for their kind assistance in relation to Swazi, and. to the Inter-University Committee for African Studies for a grant for carrying out the necessary field workItem "Grammatical controversy on the temporality of the imperfect tense in the Qur�?nic text" Is it Mu�rab (declinable) or Mabn? (indeclinable)?(University of the Western Cape, 2018) Hassan, Fakhri; Saidi, MustaphaThis research discusses the temporality of Al-Fi�l Al-Mo??ri� (present tense) in Arabic in terms of structure and case endings. It also focuses on the time of the imperfect tense and how it is affected by the Adaw?t (particles) and justification as well as the meaning, context and the purpose of the sentence. The study also investigates the controversial issues on finding a standardized definition of the actual imperfect tense in order to distinguish it from the outwardly one. It also investigates the changes which the imperfect tense undergoes when preceded by particles and how they change the case endings from Mabn? (Indicative) into Mu�rab apocopate (to be Jussive or Subjunctive). Another focus is investigating the reason why the tense of the verb that comes after particles of negation, prohibition, justification and denial is always imperfect not perfect or future, regardless of the context and the purpose of the text, and the reason as to why this rule applies to all Qur'?nic verses which contradict this rule when being parsed. In addition, it uses semiotics to explain the imperfect tense in the Qur'?nic verses and investigates the effectiveness of applying abstention and assembly to distinguish between the tense and it's meaning in the Qur'?nic text. This can help to determine the actual time of the tense in the Qur'?nic text which in turn helps to parse the imperfect tense correctly and to justify why there is a case ending which contradicts the grammar rules. The correct parsing of the imperfect tense, including indicative, subjunctive and jussive, will pave the way for more attempts to rectify the interpretation of the Qur'?nic verses which create controversy. This can be achieved by presenting the verses which contradict the rules of parsing, making hypotheses, analyzing them and then parsing them in a logical way utilizing an analytical approach.Item Ibn Arabi's Sufi and poetic experiences (through his collection of mystical poems Tarjuman al-Ashwaq)(University of the Western Cape, 2005) Saidi, Mustapha; Mohamed, Yasien; Dept. of Linguistics, Language and Communication; Faculty of ArtsThis study is a theoretical research concerning Ibn Arabi's Sufi experience and his philosophy of the "unity of being" (also his poetical talent). I therefore adopted the historical and analytical methodologies to analyse and reply on the questions and suggestions I have raised in this paper. Both of the methodologies reveal the actual status of the Sufism of Ibn Arabi who came with a challenging sufi doctrine. Also, in the theoretical methodology I attempt to define Sufism by giving a panoramic history of it. I have also researched Ibn Arabi's status amongst his contemporaries for example, Al-Hallaj and Ibn Al Farid, and how they influenced him as a Sufi thinker during this time.In the analytical study I explore the poems "Tarjuman al Ashwaq" of Ibn Arabi, of which I have selected some poems to study analytically. Through this I discovered Ibn Arabi's Sufi inclinations and the criticisms of various literary scholars, theologians, philosophers and also sufi thinkers, both from the East and the West. In this analysis I have also focused on the artistic value of the poetry which he utilized to promote his own doctrine "the unity of being."Item Islamic belief: Imam Malik's doctrine of faith and practice(2007) Rhil, Salim Faraj Salih; Mohamed, Yasien; Saidi, MustaphaImam Malik b. Anas (d. 179 A.H.) is an important intellectual figure in Islam. He is the author of the first hadith collection, the Muwatta, and is the founder of one of the four major Sunni schools of law. His contribution towards formulating a distinct legal school allows millions of Muslims daily to perform their daily rituals of worship. Previous research, however, has not given enough attention to a systematic study of his beliefs. This study intends to address this shortcoming. My thesis examines the belief of imam Malik, particularly his concept of faith and the external expression thereof. It examines the first two eras of Islam, that of the Companions and Followers, which preceded him and their influence on his methodology of formulating his theological and legal views. It further looks at his approach to the textual evidences and his attitude towards speculative reasoning (kalam) regarding theological issues. This study further aims to verify the statements attributed to imam Malik regarding what constitutes correct faith and whether it increases or decreases. It also looks at the conflicting statements attributed to him regarding the increase and decrease of faith and tries to resolve them. Furthermore, it sources reliable biographical information on imam Malik to determine his attitude towards the diverse theological trends such as the Qadarites and Murji�ites prevalent during his time. In addition, the study compares the views of imam Malik with that of the other three founders of the Sunni Sunni legal schools.Item Jihad: liberation or terrorism? the thought of sayyid qutb(2008) Mezzi, Mohamed; Mohamed, YasienIncludes bibliographic references (leaves 184-195)"In this thesis, I contrast Qutbs approach towards jihad with that which is found in the primary sources of Islam and as espoused by the proponents of the four schools of thought, as well as key Islamic scholars. This study also attempts to explore the conceptual confusion between terrorism, jihad, and legitimate defense and resistance by comparing the legislation on jihad in Islam with that which exists in international law and conventions. I then turn my attention to the focal point of this study, the writings of Sayyid Qutb on jihad..."Item Kinyarwaanda sexuality taboo words and their significance in Rwandan culture(University of the Western Cape, 2004) Ngirabakunzi, Ndimurugero; Banda, Felix; Faculty of EducationThis study investigates Kinyarwaanda sexuality taboo words and their meaning in Rwandan culture to enable the youth to improve their communication and the values of Rwandan culture. It explores whether the use of Kinyarwaanda sexuality taboo words is a good way to communicate with one another or is a transgression of Rwandan culture. Its intent is to see the value that Rwandans assign to verbal taboos, particularly sexuality taboo words, to see how these taboos regulate Rwandans lives, to see the attitudes Rwandans hold towards them, and to find out the link there might be between sexuality taboo words, the information dissemination on HIV/AIDS and the spread of AIDS.Item Mas?lik al-?illah in the convention of qiy?s: An investigation of its foundations and contemporary Application(University of Western Cape, 2021) Chellan, Waleed; Mohamed, YasienThis study examines the foundations of the various methods of identifying legal cause (mas?lik al-?illah). It studies its various theories, spanning the classical and premodern period and investigates its application in contemporary times. The investigation analyses the theories of mas?lik al-?illah while placing the legal cause (?illah) contextually within the convention of analogical reasoning (qiy?s). The findings of this investigation are then used to study practical applications of identifying legal cause, in a selection of three case constructions of qiyas, under the topic of suicide attacks.Item n Evaluering van onderwysmetodes in musiekteoretiese vakke en gehoorontwikkeling(University of the Western Cape, 1991) Lochner, Maria Magdalena; van der Merwe, E.Praktiese ondervinding van die onderrig van Musiek op skoolvlak het getoon dat Musiekteoretiese vakke en Gehoorontwikkeling nie voldoende gestrukrureerd en gebaseer op wetenskaplik gefundeerde onderrigmetodes aangebied word nie. 'n Gebrek aan integrasie tussen Gehoorontwikkeling en die Musiekteoretiese vakke word vermoed. Innerlike gehoor is noodsaaklik is vir die musikus, maar bly grootliks onderontwikkel. Hierdie studie konsentreer op die integrasie wat nodig is tussen die Musiekteoretiese vakke en Gehoorontwikkeling, en toets empiries die mening van musiekstudente by wyse van 'n vraelys en di� van musiekdosente by wyse onderhoude. Die ondersoek spreek die algemene metodes aan waardeur die betrokke vakke onderrig word, asook die probleme wat daarmee gepaard gaan. Die musiekstudent se mening omtrent sy tersi�re musiekopleiding word gevra. Daar is bevind dat die twee disciplines nie doelmatig ge�ntegree aangebied word nie en voorstelle om die situasie te verbeter, word gemaak ..Item 'n Oorsig van fonologiese ontwikkeling by kinders(University of Western Cape, 1994) Roux, Cheryl; Van der Walt, M.J.Daar is 'n toenemende belangstelling in die rol wat die linguistiek speel ten opsigte van die hantering van taalgebreke by kinders. Hierdie verskynsel kan gedeeltelik aan twee ontwikkelings in die linguistiek toegeskryf word, nl. (a) die bekendmaking van 'n transformasionele grammatika soos vervat in Noam Chomsky se Syntactic Structures in 1957 en (b) die feit dat transformasionele grammatici beklemtoon dat 'n linguistiese teorie moet kan verklaar hoe kinders taalstrukture verwerf. Dit het tot 'n hernieude belangstelling in taalverwerwing aanleiding gegee. Volgens Ingram (1976:6) kan linguiste 'n bydrae t.o.v. ten minste vyf aspekte lewer: (a) 'n boek t.o.v. algemene fonologiese aspekte moet saamgestel word; (b) 'n omvattende boek ten opsigte van die wyse waarop normale kinders die fonologie van hulle taal verwerf, moet saamgestel word; (c) 'n versameling tegnieke t.o.v. die verkryging en ontleding van kindertaal moet ontwikkel word; (d) 'n boek wat die aard van fonologiese afwykings in kinders beskryf, moet saamgestel word; (e) 'n versameling terapeutiese riglyne vir die behandeling van fonologiese afwykings moet ontwikkel word. Wanneer ons gekonfronteer word met kinders wat aan die een of ander taalgebrek ly, ontstaan daar onmiddellik die behoefte om die kind se taalsisteem te beskryf. Die deskriptiewe metode wat gebruik word, moet effektief genoeg wees om die kind se eie re�lsisteem uit te beeld asook die kompleksiteit van die strukture wat verwerf is. Sommige linguiste glo dat die TGG die regte stap in hierdie rigting is.Item The preludes of Chopin(University of the Western Cape, 1996) Hardneck, Charllynne Lyndene; Correia, E.The essential feature of the prelude is to attract the listener's attention and define the pitch, mode or tonality. This can be the reason why preludes are often written in a selection of 24 maior tonalities. As one of the central features of a prelude is to define the pitch or key of a piece, Chopin's preludes Opus 28 move through a logical tonal sequence of major and minor keys. Chopin did not invent this principle. J.N. Hummel had published a set of 24 preludes in major and minor keys in Opus 67,in the year 1814. It is believed that these works of Hummel influenced Chopin when he later wrote his set of 24 preludes, Opus 28 fi 836-1839). ln his music, Hummel was fond of homophonic textures with Italian melodies. He also used virtuoso passages in his right handparts, while the left hand would play Alberti accompaniments. Hummel also made frequent use of third-relationships, secondary and tertiary dominants and chromatic passing notes. These traits can also be seen in Chopin's Opus 28.