Browsing by Author "Mazloum, Ali"

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    Genetic characterization of the central variable region in African swine fever virus isolates in the Russian federation from 2013 to 2017
    (MDPI, 2022) Mazloum, Ali; Van Schalkwyk, Antoinette; Chernyshev, Roman
    African swine fever virus (ASFV), classified as genotype II, was introduced into Georgia in 2007, and from there, it spread quickly and extensively across the Caucasus to Russia, Europe and Asia. The molecular epidemiology and evolution of these isolates are predominantly investigated by means of phylogenetic analysis based on complete genome sequences. Since this is a costly and timeconsuming endeavor, short genomic regions containing informative polymorphisms are pursued and utilized instead. In this study, sequences of the central variable region (CVR) located within the B602L gene were determined for 55 ASFV isolates submitted from 526 active African swine fever (ASF) outbreaks occurring in 23 different regions across the Russian Federation (RF) between 2013 and 2017. The new sequences were compared to previously published data available from Genbank, representing isolates from Europe and Asia. The sequences clustered into six distinct groups.
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    A guide to molecular characterization of genotype ii African swine fever virus: Essential and alternative genome markers
    (MDPI, 2023) Mazloum, Ali; van Schalkwyk, Antoinette; Chernyshev, Roman
    African swine fever is a contagious viral disease that has been spreading through Europe and Asia since its initial report from Georgia in 2007. Due to the large genome size of the causative agent, the African swine fever virus (ASFV), the molecular epidemiology, and virus evolution are analyzed by employing different markers. Most of these markers originate from single nucleotide polymorphisms or disparities in the copy number of tandem repeat sequences observed during the comparisons of full genome sequences produced from ASFVs isolated during different outbreaks. Therefore, consistent complete genome sequencing and comparative analysis of the sequence data are important to add innovative genomic markers that contribute to the delineation of ASFV phylogeny and molecular epidemiology during active circulation in the field. In this study, the molecular markers currently employed to assess the genotype II ASFVs circulating in Europe and Asia have been outlined.
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    Whole-genome sequencing of African swine fever virus from wild boars in the Kaliningrad region reveals unique and distinguishing genomic mutations
    (Frontiers Media, 2023) Mazloum, Ali; van Schalkwyk, Antoinette; Shotin, Andrey
    Since the first report of outbreaks of African swine fever (ASF) in Georgia in 2007, the disease has expanded into Europe, Russia, and Asia, spreading rapidly via contact with infected animals including domestic pigs and wild boars. The vast expansion of this Genotype II African swine fever virus (ASFV) across wide-ranging territories and hosts inevitably led to the acquisition of novel mutations. These mutations could be used to track the molecular epidemiology of ASFV, provided that they are unique to strains restricted within a certain area. Whilst whole-genome sequencing remains the gold standard for examining evolutionary changes, sequencing of a single locus with significant variation and resolution power could be used as a rapid and cost-e􀀀ective alternative to characterize multiple isolates from a single or related outbreak.
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    Whole-genome sequencing of African swine fever virus from wild boars in the Kaliningrad region reveals unique and distinguishing genomic mutations
    (Frontiers Media, 2023) Mazloum, Ali; van Schalkwyk, Antoinette; Shotin, Andrey
    Since the first report of outbreaks of African swine fever (ASF) in Georgia in 2007, the disease has expanded into Europe, Russia, and Asia, spreading rapidly via contact with infected animals including domestic pigs and wild boars. The vast expansion of this Genotype II African swine fever virus (ASFV) across wide-ranging territories and hosts inevitably led to the acquisition of novel mutations. These mutations could be used to track the molecular epidemiology of ASFV, provided that they are unique to strains restricted within a certain area. Whilst whole-genome sequencing remains the gold standard for examining evolutionary changes, sequencing of a single locus with significant variation and resolution power could be used as a rapid and cost-eective alternative to characterize multiple isolates from a single or related outbrea.