Reduced glucose tolerance and skeletal muscle GLUT4 and IRS1 content in cyclists habituated to a long-term low-carbohydrate, high-fat diet

Abstract

Very little is known about how long-term (>6 months) adaptation to a low-carbohydrate, high-fat (LCHF) diet affects insulin signaling in healthy, well-trained individuals. This study compared glucose tolerance; skeletal muscle glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) and insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS1) content; and muscle enzyme activities representative of the main energy pathways (3-hydroxyacetyl-CoA dehydrogenase, creatine kinase, citrate synthase, lactate dehydrogenase, phosphofructokinase, phosphorylase) in trained cyclists who followed either a long-term LCHF or a mixed-macronutrient (Mixed) diet. On separate days, a 2-hr oral glucose tolerance test was conducted, and muscle samples were obtained from the vastus lateralis of fasted participants.

Description

Keywords

Glucose clearance, Insulin signaling pathway, Ketogenic diet, Skeletal Muscle, Diet

Citation

Webster, C. C. et al. (2020). Reduced glucose tolerance and skeletal muscle GLUT4 and IRS1 content in cyclists habituated to a long-term low-carbohydrate, high-fat diet. International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism ,30(3), 210-217