Research Articles (School of Nursing)

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Experiences of skilled birth attendants with dissemination strategies and use of maternal clinical guidelines: a qualitative synthesis
(Elsevier Ltd, 2025) Kaura, Doreen; Atsali, Eunice Nyasiri; Tomlinson, Mark
Despite several evidence-based clinical guidelines aimed at improving the quality of maternal care as well as avert maternal mortality, guidelines frequently fail to reach the intended users. This qualitative synthesis explored experiences of Skilled Birth Attendants (SBAs) dissemination strategies and use of Maternal Clinical Guidelines (MCGs) by SBAs within the primary health care settings. Studies focusing on experiences of dissemination and use of evidence-based MCGs by SBAs were included. Further, it included studies published in English and those conducted between 2010–2023. A search was conducted using search terms “Maternal clinical guidelines “Dissemination” “Use” “Implementation” “Skilled birth attendants” “experiences or perceptions or attitudes or views or feelings or qualitative or perspective”. The search was done via Hinari and EBSCOhost in; Medline, PubMed, CINAHL. Additionally, searches were conducted using reference lists of the selected papers. Grey literature was searched from library repository and google scholar for further information. Search articles were uploaded in Mendeley, and duplicates removed. We included qualitative studies (10), mixed methods studies (5) and two (2) qualitative systematic syntheses because of paucity in qualitative only articles. Johanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Sumari appraisal tool was used to conduct the appraisal. All the articles included in this study were all imported to ATLAS ti for data management. The articles were code, grouped and themes developed. Three themes emerged: Dissemination strategies of MCGs, Use of MCGs (SBAs health systems factors), Improved utilization of maternal clinical guidelines. The findings of this study show experience in terms of facilitators and barriers to dissemination and use of guidelines. The study found Guidelines factors, Health systems factors, Skilled birth attendants’ factors and Community factors as the main facilitators and barriers for dissemination and use of guidelines. Future primary research may focus on, dissemination methods, actual use, and the outcomes of use. Additionally, the importance of appropriate use of maternal clinical guidelines needs to be emphasized early in midwifery competency education and more emphasis during in-service education.
A systematic review on factors influencing immunisation adherence among children under 12 years of age
(AOSIS, 2025) Lockett, Bridgette; Willemse, Juliana; Modeste, Rugira
BackgroundImmunisation is crucial for preventing the spread of infectious diseases; yet, adherence remains a global challenge, particularly among children under 12. Understanding the multifaceted factors influencing vaccination adherence is essential for improving coverage rates and reducing the burden of vaccine-preventable diseases.AimThis study aimed to develop a support intervention for improvement in childhood immunisation adherence in South Africa.MethodsFollowing the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines, a comprehensive search was conducted across multiple databases. The Patient (problem or population); Intervention; Comparison, control or comparator and Outcome(s) framework guided the research question formulation and search strategy. Included studies were published between 2013 and 2023, focusing on children under 12. Data were extracted and categorised into domains affecting immunisation adherence. Quality assessment was performed using the mixed methods appraisal tool.ResultsThe review identified five major domains influencing immunisation adherence: socioeconomic factors, health system factors, vaccine beliefs and attitudes, cultural and social factors, and communication and information factors.ConclusionThis review highlights the complex interplay of factors affecting childhood vaccination adherence. Critical areas for intervention include tailored communication strategies, addressing vaccine hesitancy, enhancing immunisation accessibility and leveraging digital technologies for vaccine promotion.ContributionThese insights can guide evidence-based strategies to improve immunisation adherence and inform policy in the evolving landscape of global public health.
Academic help-seeking behaviour and barriers among college nursing students
(AOSIS (Pty) Ltd, 2024) Bimerew, Million S; Arendse, John P
Background: First-year college student’s smooth transition and academic success influenced by academic help-seeking behaviour. Academic help-seeking behaviour is largely affected by many factors, including demographic factors, self-esteem and the use of sources for academic learning. Aim: The study investigated academic help-seeking behaviour and barriers among first-year college nursing students. Setting: The study was conducted at a nursing college in the Western Cape province of South Africa. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive survey design with a self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data from 130 first year nursing college students. Descriptive statistics and bivariate analysis were computed using Statistical Packages for Social Sciences (SPSS). Results: More than 77.7% used course materials and books to help with academic learning, 50% of students sought help from their teachers. Only 24.6% and 17.7% of students used YouTube and computers respectively. In all items measured help-seeking is not a threat to self-esteem, teachers and parents did not have unrealistic expectations of their academic performance. Language is significantly associated with (p < 0.001) academic help-seeking behaviour. Conclusion: Most students mainly used informal sources for academic learning. Help-seeking was not a threat to self-esteem. The language barrier is significantly associated with academic help-seeking behaviour. The nursing college should provide a coordinated academic language support, academic consultation and counselling services for academically stressed first-year nursing students. Contribution: The findings highlighted language as a barrier to academic help-seeking. The study provides insight to strengthen the language and academic support for academic learning for first year nursing students.
Challenges experienced by grandparents caring for AIDS orphans in the Western Cape province, South Africa
(South Africa: African Online Scientific Information Systems (Pty) Ltd t/a AOSIS, 2024) Furaha Akimanimpaye; Million S. Bimerew; Deliwe R. Petlhu
Background: There is limited understanding of the difficulties and experiences faced by grandparents who assume the responsibility of caring for AIDS orphans. Aim: The objective of the study was to investigate and depict the difficulties encountered by grandparents who provide care for AIDS orphans in the Western Cape province of South Africa. Setting: The study was conducted in the City of Cape Town Metropolitan and the Overberg municipality. Methods: The study used qualitative approach with an exploratory-descriptive design. A purposive sampling technique was utilised to select 25 grandparents. Semi-structured interviews were conducted, audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim, and analysed thematically using ATLAS.ti, version 7. Results: Financial difficulties, a lack of support, HIV and/or AIDS stigma, and dealing with rebellious teenagers were primary challenges affecting the well-being of grandparents. Conclusion: The study found that while financial challenges were significant, other factors such as poor family support contributed to the decline in the well-being of grandparents caring for AIDS orphans.
Factors influencing respectful perinatal care among healthcare professionals in low-and middle-resource countries: a systematic review
(BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth, 2024) Lunda, Petronellah; Minnie, Catharina Susanna; Lubbe, Welma
Background: This review aimed to provide healthcare professionals with a scientific summary of best available research evidence on factors influencing respectful perinatal care. The review question was ‘What were the perceptions of midwives and doctors on factors that influence respectful perinatal care?’ Methods: A detailed search was done on electronic databases: ebscohost: Medline, oalster, Scopus, scielo, Science Direct, pubmed, Psych INFO, and socindex. The databases were searched for available literature using a predetermined search strategy. Reference lists of included studies were analysed to identify studies missing from databases. The phenomenon of interest was factors influencing maternity care practices according to midwives and doctors. Pre-determined inclusion and exclusion criteria were used during selection of potential studies. In total, 13 studies were included in the data analysis and synthesis. Three themes were identified and a total of nine sub-themes. Results: Studies conducted in various settings were included in the study. Various factors influencing respectful perinatal care were identified. During data synthesis three themes emerged namely healthcare institution, healthcare professional and women-related factors. Alongside the themes were sub-themes human resources, medical supplies, norms and practices, physical infrastructure, healthcare professional competencies and attributes, women’s knowledge, and preferences. The three factors influence the provision of respectful perinatal care; addressing them might improve the provision of this care. Conclusion: Addressing factors that influence respectful perinatal care is vital towards the prevention of compromised patient care during the perinatal period as these factors have the potential to accelerate or hinder provision of respectful care. © The Author(s) 2024.
Use of artificial intelligence in healthcare in South Africa: a scoping review
(AOSIS (pty) Ltd, 2025) Chipps, Jennifer; Sibindi, Thandazile; Cromhout, Amanda; Bagula, Antoine
Background: Artificial intelligence (AI) transformed healthcare worldwide and has the potential to address challenges faced in the South African healthcare sector, such as limited public institutional capacity, staff shortages, and variability in skills levels that exacerbate the demand on the healthcare system that can lead to compromised care and patient safety. Aim: This study aimed to describe how AI, especially machine learning is used in healthcare in South Africa over the last 5 years. Method: The Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) methodology for scoping reviews was used. Peer-reviewed articles in English, which were published from 2020 to date were sourced and reviewed using the Population, Concept, Context (PCC) framework. Results: A total of 35 articles were selected. The results showed a focus on conventional machine learning, a health focus on HIV and/or tuberculosis (TB) and cancer, and a lack of big data in fields other than cancer. Conclusion: There has been an increase in the use of machine learning in the analysis of health data, but access to big data appears to be a challenge. Contribution: There is a need to have access to high-quality big data, inclusive policies that promote access to the benefits of using machine learning in healthcare, and AI literacy in the health sector to understand and address ethical implications
Midwives’ competence in interpretation of the intrapartum cardiotocograph at public hospitals in Gauteng: An explanatory sequential mixed-methods study
(Elsevier Ltd, 2025) Lukhele, Sanele; Mulaudzi, Fhumulani Mavis; Gundo, Rodwell
Background: Cardiotocograph (CTG) tracing is a routine intrapartum care procedure for women who have been diagnosed with high-risk pregnancy. The aim of the CTG is to identify fetuses that are at risk in order to expedite delivery. Purpose: To asssess midwives’ competence in the interpretation of the intrapartum cardiotocograph at public hospitals in Gauteng. Methods: An explanatory sequential mixed-methods approach was used. During phase one, 122 midwives in Johannesburg and Tshwane District filled in self-administered questionnaires, and during phase two, 30 midwives took part in semi-structured qualitative interviews. The data from both phases was analyzed separately and then integrated using the Pillar Integration Process. Results: The Pillar Integration Process led to the identification of six pillars: 1) substandard CTG interpretation training leads to a lack of understanding of key concepts; 2) absence of norms and standards pertaining to CTG interpretation training; 3) Essential Steps in Managing Obstetric Emergencies (ESMOE) training does not result in improved CTG interpretation scores; 4) lack of standardization of CTG interpretation guidelines causes confusion among interpreters; 5) level of knowledge of foundational concepts of CTG interpretation affects clinical judgment; and 6) CTG interpretation skill is a combination of understanding of CTG characteristics, fetal heart rate pattern, fetal physiology and clinical context. Conclusion: The results highlighted a knowledge deficit in CTG interpretation and shortfalls in the current CTG training programs. This can be remediated by the development of a CTG training program which is benchmarked with existing programs which have demonstrated good knowledge scores of participants over a long period.
Nurse prescribing and dispensing in South Africa: gaps in the current legislative framework
(AOSIS (Pty) Ltd, 2024) Crowley, Talitha; Gray, Andy Lofts; Geyer, Nelouise
Nurse prescribing and dispensing are central to ensuring universal health access in South Africa. To describe the historical development of the legal enablements of nurse prescribing and dispensing in South Africa and highlight gaps in the current legislative framework We emphasise significant deficiencies in the current legislative landscape that pose challenges to these vital nursing practices and call for urgent revisions of the legislative framework, particularly the revision of Section 56 of the Nursing Act (33 of 2005) and its related regulations, to formalise authorisation of specialist nurse prescribers in public and private practice. This will also entail an application to the South African Health Products Regulatory Authority (SAPHRA) for the scheduling of substances by authorised nurse prescribers in the defined professional nurse and specialist nurse categories by the Minister of Health There is a necessity for prompt legislative revisions to address identified deficiencies
Nurse prescribing and dispensing in South Africa: gaps in the current legislative framework
(AOSIS (Pty) Ltd, 2024) Crowley, Talitha; Gray, Andy Lofts; Geyer, Nelouise
Nurse prescribing and dispensing are central to ensuring universal health access in South Africa. To describe the historical development of the legal enablements of nurse prescribing and dispensing in South Africa and highlight gaps in the current legislative framework We emphasise significant deficiencies in the current legislative landscape that pose challenges to these vital nursing practices and call for urgent revisions of the legislative framework, particularly the revision of Section 56 of the Nursing Act (33 of 2005) and its related regulations, to formalise authorisation of specialist nurse prescribers in public and private practice. This will also entail an application to the South African Health Products Regulatory Authority (SAPHRA) for the scheduling of substances by authorised nurse prescribers in the defined professional nurse and specialist nurse categories by the Minister of Health There is a necessity for prompt legislative revisions to address identified deficiencies
Nicotine and cardiovascular health: when poison is addictive – a WHF policy brief
(Ubiquity Press, 2024) Dorotheo, E. Ulysses; Naidoo, Pamela; Arora, Monika
Nicotine is universally recognized as the primary addictive substance fuelling the continued use of tobacco products, which are responsible for over 8 million deaths annually. In recent years, the popularity of newer recreational nicotine products has surged drastically in many countries, raising health and safety concerns. For decades, the tobacco industry has promoted the myth that nicotine is as harmless as caffeine. Nonetheless, evidence shows that nicotine is far from innocuous, even on its own. In fact, numerous studies have demonstrated that nicotine can harm multiple organs, including the respiratory and cardiovascular systems. Tobacco and recreational nicotine products are commercialized in various types and forms, delivering varying levels of nicotine along with other toxic compounds. These products deliver nicotine in profiles that can initiate and perpetuate addiction, especially in young populations. Notably, some electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) and heated tobacco products (HTP) can deliver concentrations of nicotine that are comparable to those of traditional cigarettes. Despite being regularly advertised as such, ENDS and HTP have demonstrated limited effectiveness as tobacco cessation aids in real-world settings. Furthermore, ENDS have also been associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. In contrast, nicotine replacement therapies (NRT) are proven to be safe and effective medications for tobacco cessation. NRTs are designed to release nicotine in a slow and controlled manner, thereby minimizing the potential for abuse. Moreover, the long-term safety of NRTs has been extensively studied and documented. The vast majority of tobacco and nicotine products available in the market currently contain nicotine derived from tobacco leaves. However, advancements in the chemical synthesis of nicotine have introduced an economically viable alternative source. The tobacco industry has been exploiting synthetic nicotine to circumvent existing tobacco control laws and regulations. The emergence of newer tobacco and recreational nicotine products, along with synthetic nicotine, pose a tangible threat to established tobacco control policies. Nicotine regulations need to be responsive to address these evolving challenges. As such, governments should regulate all tobacco and non-medical nicotine products through a global, comprehensive, and consistent approach in order to safeguard tobacco control progress in past decades.
Management of the third stage of labour by basotho traditional birth attendants
(AOSIS (Pty) Ltd, 2024) Fobo, Keneuoe N.; Kovane, Gaotswake Patience; Minnie, Catharina S.
Background: Historically and to date, women still give birth at home with the support of elderly, experienced women who live within their communities. In Lesotho, traditional birth attendants (TBAs) are sometimes the only option for pregnant women living far from facilities. Women are vulnerable during the third stage of labour; therefore, correct management is crucial to limit undesirable outcomes. Postpartum haemorrhage and postpartum sepsis remain the leading direct causes of maternal mortality. Aim: This study aimed to explore and describe how Basotho TBAs manage the third stage of labour. Setting: The study was conducted in Lesotho, at Bolahla and Sejakhosi. These villages have the highest number of women giving birth at home. Methods: An explorative and descriptive design with a qualitative approach was used. Semistructured interview guide was utilised to conduct individual in-depth interviews about how the TBAs manage the third stage of labour and their support needs concerning this phase. The TBAs were purposively sampled. The data were analysed thematically. Results: Four themes emerged: challenges TBA experience in the management of the third stage of labour, management of the placenta by Basotho traditional birth attendants, support during the management of the placenta by Basotho traditional birth attendants, and management during emergencies. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that if TBAs are supported, they can contribute to the health of the mother and baby. Contribution: This study’s findings can be valuable to healthcare professionals to understand better how TBAs in Lesotho manage the third stage of labour and the support they need.
Adolescent girls’ sexual and reproductive health information needs and barriers in Cape Town
(AOSIS (Pty) Ltd, 2024) Holtman, Natheerah; Bimerew, Million; Mthimunye, Katlego
Adolescent sexual and reproductive health (SRH) pertains to the mental and physical state of youth and encompasses their capacity to abstain from unintended pregnancies, unsafe abortions, sexually transmitted infections (stis), including HIV/AIDS, and all types of sexual assault and coercion (Abdurahman et al. 2022). A survey of 70 developing countries indicated that adolescent girls had unmet needs related to SRH services, which resulted in unintended pregnancy and other socio-economic consequences (Woog et al. 2015). Approximately 16 million adolescent girls younger than 19 years give birth each year, accounting for about 11% of all births, with 2 million of these girls being under the age of 15 years (Bałanda-Bałdyga et al. 2020). Although these pregnancies occur across all brackets of socio-economic status and countries (Bałanda-Bałdyga et al. 2020), approximately 95% of adolescent pregnancies were from developing countries, especially in Africa (Odimegwu & Ugwul 2022). Sub-Saharan Africa had the highest prevalence of fertility among young women, and more than 82% of these pregnancies were unintended (Mjwara & Maharaj 2018).
Factors influencing nursing students’ learning in a clinical skills laboratory
(OpenJournals Publishing AOSIS (Pty) Ltd, 2024) Hoffman, Catherine M.; Willemse, Juliana
Background: Achieving competence in clinical skills requires various resources and preparation time for undergraduate nursing students. Intentional opportunities should be created for student nurses to experience meaningful encounters in the clinical skills laboratory (CSL) to broaden their knowledge and competence. Therefore, factors that influence the competence in clinical learning in a CSL were explored. Aim: This study aimed to explore and describe the perceptions of nursing students regarding factors influencing their learning in a CSL. Setting: The study was conducted at a School of Nursing at a university in the Western Cape province. Methods: A qualitative descriptive design was adopted. Purposive sampling was used to select participants for this study based on specific inclusion and exclusion criteria. Following the attainment of ethical clearance, 10 focus group interviews were undertaken to explore the perceptions of nursing students regarding factors influencing their learning in a CSL. The focus group sessions continued until data saturation was established. Data were analysed using a thematic analysis process. Results: Three major themes emerged from the data analysis that was explored to make the following recommendations: physical environment, psychosocial environment and organisational environment. Conclusion: The results of this study highlighted the necessity for implementing interventions to enhance specific elements within the CSL, aiming to foster high-quality clinical learning experiences for nursing students. Contribution: Areas were identified within the CSL environment that requires enhancement to ensure the provision of quality clinical learning, thereby enabling student nurses to attain clinical competence.
Perceptions of incivility in a nursing school at a university in south africa – cross-sectional study. “incivility in nursing education – is it a problem?”
(Elsevier Ltd, 2024) Fürst, Laetitia; Heradien, Zenobia; Abubu, Janiere
Respectful civil behaviour of nurses is key to nursing practice and can directly affect quality of patient care. Reports of international studies on incivility in nursing schools is well documented, however little is known about incivility in nursing schools in South Africa. This study aimed to describe the nursing students’ perception of the level and occurrence of incivility in nursing students and faculty at a nursing school at a university in South Africa. A quantitative descriptive cross-sectional survey was conducted. A self-administered questionnaire was used to determine the student nurses’ perceptions of levels and occurrence of incivility among nursing students and faculty. The questionnaire included the Incivility in Nursing Education-Revised (INE-R) scale. A sample of 277 was calculated, and an all-inclusive sampling method was used to target all undergraduate nursing students. Data was analysed using IBM Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 27 and descriptive statistics, 95% confidence intervals were used to describe the data and Independent Samples Mann-Whitney U tests were used to compare gender differences. The questionnaire was completed by 540 (77 %) undergraduate nursing student respondents, between 12 March 2021 and 20 April 2021. Respondents reported low levels of perceived student incivility behaviours (2.07 ± 0.7 [95 %CI 2.0–2.1]), with using a computer, phone, or other media device during class, meetings, activities for unrelated purposes being the highest rated perceived low-level student incivility behaviour (2.52 [95 %CI 2.43–2.62]. Low levels of perceived levels and occurrence of low faculty incivility were reported with respondents rating arriving late for class or other scheduled activities as the highest rated perceived level of low incivility behaviour (1.91 [95 %CI 1.82–1.99]). The highest perceived occurrence for low faculty incivility was being unavailable outside of class (not returning calls or emails, not maintaining office hours) (1.82 [95 %CI 1.74–1.9]. Though some perceived incivility amongst students and faculty in the selected nursing school exist, the occurrence is perceived to be low. Further investigations should explore the impact of uncivil behaviours in academic theory environments, and the impact on individuals in practice.
South African nursing students' stress and resilience during the global COVID-19 health crisis
(Taylor and Francis Ltd., 2024) Steenkamp, Ilze; Chipps, Jennifer
The study aimed to investigate nursing students' psychological distress and their response to stress during the COVID-19 pandemic. Participants were 370 South African nursing students (female= 75%; mean age= 21.9 years, SD = 3.9 years). Students completed the following scales: Compassion satisfaction and fatigue, Kessler psychological distress, and response to stressful experiences. Findings from the descriptive statistics and inferential statistical analyses indicated that students meeting the criteria for being well were likely to have higher resilience scores. Protective factors such as self-efficacy, active coping, and spirituality suggest higher resilience during COVID-19-related stressful events. Physiological factors such as self-reported medical conditions and lack of sleep were associated with poorer mental well-being. These findings provide a profile of nursing students' coping and adaptation to a community-spread pandemic. From these findings, nursing schools could manage students' well-being by providing needed resources in their current and future work health support programmes.
Community service nurses in primary healthcare clinics: Experiences of supervision and support from professional nurses
(AOSIS, 2022) Zambodla, Ayanda; Williams, Margaret; Ricks, Esmeralda
Background: Newly qualified nurses in South Africa are required to undertake a compulsory 1-year community service (CS) in a public healthcare facility. They are not yet competent to work alone and require supervision and support from senior professional nurses. Aim: This study aimed to explore and describe the experiences of community service nurses (CSNs) regarding supervision and support from professional nurses at primary healthcare clinics (PHC). Setting: The study was conducted with CSNs who were working in PHC clinics in Nelson Mandela Bay (NMB). Methods: A qualitative, explorative, descriptive and contextual study was conducted using semi-structured interviews with 10 CSNs. Purposive sampling was used. Data were analysed using Tesch’s coding method of content analysis.
Training needs of professional nurses in primary health care in the Cape Metropole, South Africa
(African Journal of Primary Health Care & Family Medicine, 2023) Kordom, Ashley; Daniels, Felicity; Chipps, Jennifer
Background: In the fast-changing healthcare environment, it is important to ensure that primary health care (PHC) nurses are suitably qualified and have access to appropriate and relevant ongoing education. AIM: The aim of this study was to determine the training needs of professional nurses working in PHC facilities. Setting: The research was conducted in PHC facilities in the Cape Metropole, Western Cape, South Africa. Methods: A quantitative descriptive survey with all-inclusive sampling was used. All professional nurses (N = 303), employed for at least a minimum of 6 months in PHC facilities were included in the study. The Hennessy-Hicks Training Needs Analysis (TNA) questionnaire was used to collect the data on professional tasks training needs and open-ended questions for specific PHC contextual training needs. Importance and performance means for each of the TNA subsections and training needs were calculated. Open-ended questions were analyzed using content analysis, identifying training domains and topics in terms of frequency and ranking.
Validity and utility of instruments for screening of depression in women attending antenatal clinics in Blantyre district in Malawi
(AOSIS, 2018) Chorwe-Sungani, Genesis; Chipps, Jennifer
Screening instruments should be brief, valid and easy to use if they are to be useful in a busy antenatal clinic in low-resource settings. A short instrument can be used in a busy antenatal clinic in combination with a more detailed instrument once referred. This study aimed at assessing the validity of a range of depression screening instruments and to test the utility of combining these instruments for use in antenatal clinics in Blantyre district, Malawi. This was a sensitivity analysis study using a sub-sample of 97 pregnant women drawn from a cross-sectional study (sample size = 480) that was screening for depression in eight antenatal clinics. Data from the cross-sectional study for the 97 pregnant women on the 3-item screener, Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS), Hopkins Symptoms Checklist-15 (HSCL-15) and Self-Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ), was compared with a gold standard, the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI). Sensitivity, specificity and area under curve (AUC) were calculated to test for validity of the instruments. The utility of various combinations of the instruments was tested using the compensatory, conjunctive, probability and sequential rules.
Performance of the 3-item screener, the Edinburgh postnatal depression scale, the Hopkins symptoms checklist-15 and the self-reporting questionnaire and pregnancy risk questionnaire, in screening of depression in antenatal clinics in the Blantyre district of Malawi
(University of Malawi, 2018) Chorwe-Sungani, Genesis; Chipps, Jennifer
Screening instruments for antenatal depression vary in performance. This study aimed at assessing the performance of a range of screening instruments in detecting depressive symptoms in antenatal clinics in Blantyre district, Malawi. A cross-sectional study was conducted to screen for depression among women attending 8 selected antenatal clinics in Blantyre district using 3-item screener, Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS), Hopkins Symptoms Checklist-15 (HSCL-15), Self-Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ) and Pregnancy Risk Questionnaire (PRQ). The instruments were administered to a random sample of 480 pregnant women. Data were analysed using SPSS 22.0 testing for performance differences in proportions of screen positives and how screen positive results might differ by particular variables.
Perceptions of nurses on TB with HIV adherence counselling skills in a health sub-district, Cape Town: A qualitative study
(AOSIS, 2022) Ticha, Victoire; Bimerew, Million; Phetlhu, Deliwe R.
People living with HIV (PLHIV) co-infected with Tuberculosis (TB) account for one in three HIV-related deaths. Retention in care and adherence to medication remain key behaviours that PLHIV co-infected with TB must adopt to achieve better health outcomes. Nevertheless, TB with HIV adherence-counselling services provided by nurses designed to enhance these behaviours remain inadequate. Additionally, limited information is found in the literature on the perceptions of nurses regarding their TB with HIV adherence counselling skills pertaining to PLHIV co-infected with TB.

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