HIV/Candida co-infection in Sub-Saharan African women on ART

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FIDSSA 2013 Poster.pdf (171.39 KB)

Date

2013

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Infectious Diseases Society of Southern Africa, the Sexually Transmitted Diseases Society of Southern and the Public Health Association of South Africa.

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Sub-Saharan Africa has 23.5 million cases of HIV and is home to 92% of the world’s HIV-positive pregnant women of whom 24% die of pregnancy related complications. Oral candidiasis is a common condition in HIV-AIDS patients, caused by commensal yeasts which may colonise the mucous membranes of the mouth causing morbidity due to several factors including immunosuppression, smoking, poor nutrition and the use of antibiotics. Methods: One hundred and ninety-four South African and Cameroonian HIV-positive women participated in the study. Only subjects who had white pseudomembranous plaque on the tongue or visible oral candidiasis were included. Samples were collected by scraping the patient’s oral mucosa and tongue with a sterile swab. Candida species were differentiated using selective and chromogenic media and their susceptibility to antifungal drugs was tested using the TREK Sensititre system. Results and conclusion: One hundred and ninety-six isolates, representative of six Candida species were identified. C. albicans was the predominating species, with C. glabrata and C. dubliniensis being the more frequent of the non-albicans isolates. Azole drug resistance patterns were very high for C. albicans, while C. glabrata showed high resistance patterns to echinocandins drugs. The duration of ART could be associated with the presence of different Candida species but no concrete conclusions could be drawn concerning HIV/Candida co-infection when controlling for other risk factors such as HIV stage, pregnancy, age and treatment for tuberculosis. This may be a cause for concern, particularly in the case of pregnancy, where co-infection may pose a risk for maternal morbidity and mortality.

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5th FIDSSA Congress 2013: Champagne Sports Resort Drakensberg, KwaZulu Natal, South Africa - Poster Presentations.

Keywords

Candida, Women, HIV

Citation

Africa, C.W.J. & Abrantes, P.M.D.S. (2013). HIV/Candida co-infection in Sub-Saharan African women on ART. South African Journal of Epidemiology and Infection, 28(3): 245

URI

http://hdl.handle.net/10566/1073

Collections

Research Articles (Medical Bioscience)