Drought Tolerance Mechanisms in Grain and Vegetable Amaranthus Species: Physiological, Biochemical and Molecular Insights

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dc.contributor.authorNkuna, Mulisa
dc.contributor.authorGavhi, Pfunzo
dc.contributor.authorKanyerere, Alice Mwanjiwa
dc.contributor.authorIkebudu, Vivian Chigozie
dc.contributor.authorIkebudu, Vivian Chigozie
dc.contributor.authorNdou, Nzumbululo
dc.contributor.authorFaro, Andrew
dc.date.accessioned2025-12-11T07:42:11Z
dc.date.available2025-12-11T07:42:11Z
dc.date.issued2025
dc.description.abstractDrought limits plant growth, development and productivity, leading to more than 50% crop loss globally. Drought-induced oxidative stress disturbs the plant’s metabolism; however, plants activate signaling pathways to respond and adapt to drought stress. Although drought response mechanisms are well reported in several crops, these mechanisms are poorly understood in Amaranthus. As a highly nutritious crop, rich in antioxidants with the ability to survive in extreme agro-climatic environments, Amaranthus has the potential to serve as a climate-smart future crop. This review provides evidence of some drought response traits in grain and vegetable Amaranthus species. Grain amaranths are the most tolerant species, mainly through improved osmoregulation, antioxidant capacity, and gene expression. While biomass partitioning, efficient water use, and membrane stability have been reported in both grain and vegetable amaranth, the molecular response of vegetable amaranth remains limited. Thus, future research must focus on integrated biochemical, molecular, and multi-omics applications to screen and identify resilient Amaranthus genotypes under drought for sustainable agriculture.
dc.identifier.citationDrought Tolerance Mechanisms in Grain and Vegetable Amaranthus Species: Physiological, Biochemical and Molecular Insights
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10566/21571
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherMultidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)
dc.subjectagriculture
dc.subjectAmaranthus
dc.subjectantioxidants
dc.subjectclimate change
dc.subjectdrought
dc.titleDrought Tolerance Mechanisms in Grain and Vegetable Amaranthus Species: Physiological, Biochemical and Molecular Insights
dc.typeArticle

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