Magister Social Work -MSW

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Adolescents and substance abuse: exploring the effects of substance abuse on care giving and family well-being in Mitchell’s Plain
(University of the Western Cape, 2019) Casker, Riefqah; Dykes, Glynnis
Substance abuse has become a serious global problem affecting individuals, families and communities. The effects of substance abuse devastate both the user and their families. This study aimed to describe the adverse effects that substance abuse has on the levels of care giving and well-being of families. The study explored family members perceptions of the ways in which an adolescent’s substance abuse affects family care giving and well-being. The study was conducted within a qualitative approach in order to gather an in depth understanding of the family’s experiences. Furthermore, the study was aligned with Family Systems and Bowens Family Theories, which served as reference points to allow the researcher to discern how substance abuse influences family roles, dynamics and functioning. The researcher used the case study design which focused on an issue of concern (such as adolescent substance abuse) and thus selected one case to elucidate the issue i.e. a single case study. The case would be the family members of substance abusing adolescents in Mitchells Plain. The population of interest were the parents and siblings of adolescents who abused substances. Purposive sampling was used to select families with participants who had the specific qualities and experiences needed for the study. The study sample consisted of 12 participants, seven parents (mothers) and five siblings. The participants were female which corresponds with literature, as females are perceived as more willing to share and speak about their experiences. Individual semi-structured interviews were used for data collection through the use of interview schedules. Data verification methods ensured credibility (member checking), transferability (using thick, rich descriptions), dependability (an inquiry audit), and confirmability (using researcher reflexivity). The data was analysed in the form of qualitative thematic analysis achieving data reduction by seeking themes, sub-themes and categories of data. Four themes emerged from the findings, namely, (1) parents/sibling reactions to discovering the substance abuse, (2) the effects of substance abuse on the parents/siblings living with a substance abuser, (3) effects on family communication, and (4) measures used to assist the substance abuser. Each theme was further delineated into 12 sub-themes and 23 categories which were based on both predefined and emergent codes. Permission to conduct this study was obtained from the university’s Faculty of Community and Health Sciences Ethics Committee by its Humanities and Social Sciences Research Ethics Committee (HSSREC); and by the Department of Social Development’s Research Ethics Committee. Ethics compliance was assured through confidentiality and privacy, securing and handling of confidential information, and debriefing opportunities to ensure that emotional harm is minimised together with sensitive interviewing techniques.
Adolescents and substance abuse: exploring the effects of substance abuse on care giving and family well-being in Mitchell’s Plain
(University of the Western Cape, 2019) Casker, Riefqah; Dykes, Glynnis
Substance abuse has become a serious global problem affecting individuals, families and communities. The effects of substance abuse devastate both the user and their families. This study aimed to describe the adverse effects that substance abuse has on the levels of care giving and well-being of families. The study explored family members perceptions of the ways in which an adolescent’s substance abuse affects family care giving and well-being. The study was conducted within a qualitative approach in order to gather an in depth understanding of the family’s experiences. Furthermore, the study was aligned with Family Systems and Bowens Family Theories, which served as reference points to allow the researcher to discern how substance abuse influences family roles, dynamics and functioning. The researcher used the case study design which focused on an issue of concern (such as adolescent substance abuse) and thus selected one case to elucidate the issue i.e. a single case study. The case would be the family members of substance abusing adolescents in Mitchells Plain. The population of interest were the parents and siblings of adolescents who abused substances. Purposive sampling was used to select families with participants who had the specific qualities and experiences needed for the study. The study sample consisted of 12 participants, seven parents (mothers) and five siblings. The participants were female which corresponds with literature, as females are perceived as more willing to share and speak about their experiences. Individual semi-structured interviews were used for data collection through the use of interview schedules. Data verification methods ensured credibility (member checking), transferability (using thick, rich descriptions), dependability (an inquiry audit), and confirmability (using researcher reflexivity). The data was analysed in the form of qualitative thematic analysis achieving data reduction by seeking themes, sub-themes and categories of data. Four themes emerged from the findings, namely, (1) parents/sibling reactions to discovering the substance abuse, (2) the effects of substance abuse on the parents/siblings living with a substance abuser, (3) effects on family communication, and (4) measures used to assist the substance abuser. Each theme was further delineated into 12 sub-themes and 23 categories which were based on both predefined and emergent codes. Permission to conduct this study was obtained from the university’s Faculty of Community and Health Sciences Ethics Committee by its Humanities and Social Sciences Research Ethics Committee (HSSREC); and by the Department of Social Development’s Research Ethics Committee. Ethics compliance was assured through confidentiality and privacy, securing and handling of confidential information, and debriefing opportunities to ensure that emotional harm is minimised together with sensitive interviewing techniques.
The challenges of cohabiting families with regard to discipline of adolescents
(University of Western Cape, 2013) Bere, Gamuchirai; De Jager, M.
Cohabitation families have become a widely accepted and increasing form of family structure nowadays. However this family structure’s characteristics have caused it to be described as a risk factor to child development as it is associated it with negative child outcomes especially during the adolescence period. The adolescence stage itself has been described by literature as a unique human development stage coupled with a variety of physical, cognitive, social and emotional changes, making it a vulnerable stage characterised by experimenting with risk behaviours. Therefore the aim of this study was to explore and describe the challenges of cohabiting families with regard to discipline of the adolescents. An explorative and descriptive research design grounded in a qualitative research approach was used. Two set of data, namely (a) cohabiting biological parents, and (b) adolescent children living in cohabiting families, were collected for a better understanding of the situation. The population for the study encompassed all cohabiting parents and their adolescent children living in the city of Cape Town, and research participants were purposively selected from the caseload of Cape Town Child Welfare. Data was collected by means of individual interviews with the aid of an interview guide. Interviews were transcribed verbatim and field notes were taken. Data analysis was conducted according to Tesch (in Creswell 2009), and ethical considerations, such as confidentiality, voluntary participation, informed consent from parents and informed assent from adolescents, as well as no harm to participants, were adhered to. Most participants identified with cohabiting step-parent families. The reported challenges affecting discipline of adolescent children stemmed from poor parent-child relationships, ambiguous step-family roles, negative family communication patterns, and the applied disciplinary methods in cohabiting families. With consultation from some of the suggestions put forward by all the participants, the researcher concluded the study with recommendations for social workers working with cohabiting families.
The challenges of cohabiting families with regard to discipline of adolescents
(University of Western Cape, 2013) Bere, Gamuchirai; De Jager, M.
Cohabitation families have become a widely accepted and increasing form of family structure nowadays. However this family structure’s characteristics have caused it to be described as a risk factor to child development as it is associated it with negative child outcomes especially during the adolescence period. The adolescence stage itself has been described by literature as a unique human development stage coupled with a variety of physical, cognitive, social and emotional changes, making it a vulnerable stage characterised by experimenting with risk behaviours. Therefore the aim of this study was to explore and describe the challenges of cohabiting families with regard to discipline of the adolescents. An explorative and descriptive research design grounded in a qualitative research approach was used. Two set of data, namely (a) cohabiting biological parents, and (b) adolescent children living in cohabiting families, were collected for a better understanding of the situation. The population for the study encompassed all cohabiting parents and their adolescent children living in the city of Cape Town, and research participants were purposively selected from the caseload of Cape Town Child Welfare. Data was collected by means of individual interviews with the aid of an interview guide. Interviews were transcribed verbatim and field notes were taken. Data analysis was conducted according to Tesch (in Creswell 2009), and ethical considerations, such as confidentiality, voluntary participation, informed consent from parents and informed assent from adolescents, as well as no harm to participants, were adhered to. Most participants identified with cohabiting step-parent families. The reported challenges affecting discipline of adolescent children stemmed from poor parent-child relationships, ambiguous step-family roles, negative family communication patterns, and the applied disciplinary methods in cohabiting families. With consultation from some of the suggestions put forward by all the participants, the researcher concluded the study with recommendations for social workers working with cohabiting families.
A comparison of the relationship between parental efficacy and social support systems of single teen mothers across different family forms
(University of the Western Cape, 2017) Coert, Samantha Lee; Roman, Nicolette V.; Rich, E.
Teenage parenting is recognised as one of the greatest health and social problems in South Africa. Research in South Africa has shown that by the age of 18 years, more than 30% of teens have given birth at least once. Teen mothers may feel disempowered because they are ‘othered’ and consequently, may develop forms of resistance which in most cases may inhibit their ability to parent. Social support is therefore, an imperative intervention for successful teen parenting. Bronfenbrenner’s bio-ecological systems theory proposes that social support could be considered to reside within the microsystem of the model if the developing person is the teen mother. The aim of this study was to compare social support of different family forms and establish whether a relationship between single teen mothers’ parental efficacy and social support exists across the different family forms. This study used a quantitative methodology with a cross-sectional comparative correlation design. The sample consisted of N = 160 single teen mothers who reside with her family for a period of one year or is currently residing with her family or members thereof, in low socio-economic communities. The participants completed a self-report questionnaire that comprised of the Social Provisions Scale (SPS), and the Parenting Sense of Competence (PSOC) scale. Descriptive statistics and Pearson correlation were used to investigate the data. Outcomes of the study indicated that a significant positive relationship between social support and parental efficacy existed. These findings are important for planning and applying parenting programmes amongst single teen mothers and facilitating awareness regarding the importance of social support and family forms when considering parenting practices.
A comparison of the relationship between parental efficacy and social support systems of single teen mothers across different family forms
(University of the Western Cape, 2017) Coert, Samantha Lee; Roman, Nicolette V.; Rich, E.
Teenage parenting is recognised as one of the greatest health and social problems in South Africa. Research in South Africa has shown that by the age of 18 years, more than 30% of teens have given birth at least once. Teen mothers may feel disempowered because they are ‘othered’ and consequently, may develop forms of resistance which in most cases may inhibit their ability to parent. Social support is therefore, an imperative intervention for successful teen parenting. Bronfenbrenner’s bio-ecological systems theory proposes that social support could be considered to reside within the microsystem of the model if the developing person is the teen mother. The aim of this study was to compare social support of different family forms and establish whether a relationship between single teen mothers’ parental efficacy and social support exists across the different family forms. This study used a quantitative methodology with a cross-sectional comparative correlation design. The sample consisted of N = 160 single teen mothers who reside with her family for a period of one year or is currently residing with her family or members thereof, in low socio-economic communities. The participants completed a self-report questionnaire that comprised of the Social Provisions Scale (SPS), and the Parenting Sense of Competence (PSOC) scale. Descriptive statistics and Pearson correlation were used to investigate the data. Outcomes of the study indicated that a significant positive relationship between social support and parental efficacy existed. These findings are important for planning and applying parenting programmes amongst single teen mothers and facilitating awareness regarding the importance of social support and family forms when considering parenting practices.
Does family structure matter? A comparison of the goals and aspirations of learners in secondary school
(University of the Western Cape, 2012) Davids, Eugene Lee; Roman, Nicolette
Self Determination Theory (SDT) proposes that individuals are motivated to have goals and aspirations which are either intrinsic or extrinsic in nature. Intrinsic life goals are associated with greater psychological health and well-being. Research shows that family structure plays a role in the way children are raised and has implications for later adult adjustment. In South Africa 42.8% of children are raised in a single parent household. This study aimed to compare the goals and aspirations of learners from single and married parent households. The study used a quantitative methodology with a cross-sectional comparative research design. The sample consisted of 853 Grade 11 learners from schools in the Northern, Southern and Metro Central Education Districts in the Western Cape. The data was collected using a selfreport questionnaire that consisted of two sections, demographical information and the Aspirations Index. The Aspirations Index assessed the life goals of the learners and categorised the goals and aspirations into intrinsic and extrinsic life goals. The data was analysed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences V20 (SPSS). The results suggest that there was a significant main effect of family structure on certain goals and aspirations of Grade 11 learners in secondary schools. These goals and aspirations included wealth, image, personal growth, relationships and health. Furthermore, participants from single parent households placed more emphasis on intrinsic goals than participants from married parent.
Does family structure matter? A comparison of the goals and aspirations of learners in secondary school
(University of the Western Cape, 2012) Davids, Eugene Lee; Roman, Nicolette
Self Determination Theory (SDT) proposes that individuals are motivated to have goals and aspirations which are either intrinsic or extrinsic in nature. Intrinsic life goals are associated with greater psychological health and well-being. Research shows that family structure plays a role in the way children are raised and has implications for later adult adjustment. In South Africa 42.8% of children are raised in a single parent household. This study aimed to compare the goals and aspirations of learners from single and married parent households. The study used a quantitative methodology with a cross-sectional comparative research design. The sample consisted of 853 Grade 11 learners from schools in the Northern, Southern and Metro Central Education Districts in the Western Cape. The data was collected using a selfreport questionnaire that consisted of two sections, demographical information and the Aspirations Index. The Aspirations Index assessed the life goals of the learners and categorised the goals and aspirations into intrinsic and extrinsic life goals. The data was analysed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences V20 (SPSS). The results suggest that there was a significant main effect of family structure on certain goals and aspirations of Grade 11 learners in secondary schools. These goals and aspirations included wealth, image, personal growth, relationships and health. Furthermore, participants from single parent households placed more emphasis on intrinsic goals than participants from married parent.
The experience of adolescents and parents after divorce finalisation (post-divorce) and the effects on adolescent psychosocial development
(University of the Western Cape, 2019) Ward, Maxine; Glynnis, Dykes
Divorce is a world-wide phenomenon. Divorce means the ending of a marriage after a period of unity and bonding; and thus it can take a long time to recover emotionally, particularly for children. Concerningly, half of marriages ends in divorce. Studies found that divorce has an effect on the well-being, behaviour and actions of both adults and children. Children’s lives change irrevocably and it can be contributed to the parents’ separation or divorce. The manner in which children respond emotionally and psychologically to divorce is dependent on their age, and this event could be both confusing and traumatising. The adolescent stage is viewed as the most vulnerable stage of development, where identity is the primary focus; and thus these children are most severely impacted by their parents’ divorce. There was a dearth of studies on the effects of divorce on adolescents after the divorce finalisation, known as post-divorce phase, and thus no clear interventions.
The experience of adolescents and parents after divorce finalisation (post-divorce) and the effects on adolescent psychosocial development
(University of the Western Cape, 2019) Ward, Maxine; Glynnis, Dykes
Divorce is a world-wide phenomenon. Divorce means the ending of a marriage after a period of unity and bonding; and thus it can take a long time to recover emotionally, particularly for children. Concerningly, half of marriages ends in divorce. Studies found that divorce has an effect on the well-being, behaviour and actions of both adults and children. Children’s lives change irrevocably and it can be contributed to the parents’ separation or divorce. The manner in which children respond emotionally and psychologically to divorce is dependent on their age, and this event could be both confusing and traumatising. The adolescent stage is viewed as the most vulnerable stage of development, where identity is the primary focus; and thus these children are most severely impacted by their parents’ divorce. There was a dearth of studies on the effects of divorce on adolescents after the divorce finalisation, known as post-divorce phase, and thus no clear interventions.
The experience of adolescents living in households with mothers who are HIV/Aids positive
(University of the Western Cape, 2009) Tsweleng, Mmapula Petunia; Roman, Nicolette; NULL; Faculty of Community and Health Sciences
South Africa is reported to have the highest prevalence of HIV/AIDS infections in Sub-Saharan Africa. As a result the quality of life of families living with HIV/AIDS is negatively affected. Literature indicates that the majority of affected persons are young children and adolescents whose siblings or parents are infected with HIV/AIDS. Most affected adolescents are reported to have difficult social lives due to their parent's illness, difficult financial situations at home, stigma and discrimination within the society. The study attempts to explore the experiences of adolescents in households where the mother is HIV/AIDS positive. This research project is an exploratory study using a narrative approach within a qualitative methodological design. The study was conducted with 6 Xhosa-speaking adolescent boys (2) and girls (4) aged 12 to 15 years. An open-ended interview schedule was used to prompt participants to tell their stories. Data was collected by means of a voice recorder in order for adolescents to tell their stories. The responses were transcribed verbatim, translated and verified with the participants. The data were analysed by means of narrative analysis. The results indicate that most adolescent participants were coping with the mother being HIV/AIDS positive and maintained hope for their futures. Adolescents were coping due to support from friends and relatives. Some adolescents experienced rejection and discrimination. The biggest challenge in the home was due to socioeconomic status. The study is intended to benefit the community in terms of making recommendations to social workers at NGO's and the government sectors in terms of strengthening the existing support programmes in the community.
The experience of adolescents living in households with mothers who are HIV/Aids positive
(University of the Western Cape, 2009) Tsweleng, Mmapula Petunia; Roman, Nicolette; NULL; Faculty of Community and Health Sciences
South Africa is reported to have the highest prevalence of HIV/AIDS infections in Sub-Saharan Africa. As a result the quality of life of families living with HIV/AIDS is negatively affected. Literature indicates that the majority of affected persons are young children and adolescents whose siblings or parents are infected with HIV/AIDS. Most affected adolescents are reported to have difficult social lives due to their parent's illness, difficult financial situations at home, stigma and discrimination within the society. The study attempts to explore the experiences of adolescents in households where the mother is HIV/AIDS positive. This research project is an exploratory study using a narrative approach within a qualitative methodological design. The study was conducted with 6 Xhosa-speaking adolescent boys (2) and girls (4) aged 12 to 15 years. An open-ended interview schedule was used to prompt participants to tell their stories. Data was collected by means of a voice recorder in order for adolescents to tell their stories. The responses were transcribed verbatim, translated and verified with the participants. The data were analysed by means of narrative analysis. The results indicate that most adolescent participants were coping with the mother being HIV/AIDS positive and maintained hope for their futures. Adolescents were coping due to support from friends and relatives. Some adolescents experienced rejection and discrimination. The biggest challenge in the home was due to socioeconomic status. The study is intended to benefit the community in terms of making recommendations to social workers at NGO's and the government sectors in terms of strengthening the existing support programmes in the community.
An explorative study of the experience of adolescents who have lost their parents through HIV/AIDS
(2010) Somtsewu, Nomsa Winniefred; Roman, Nicolette
AIDS related deaths of parents have resulted in children being orphaned, in large numbers. Adolescence is a particularly vulnerable period in a child’s developmental life.It is a period charactarised by uncertainties, role confusion and identity crises. This stage becomes even more complex when adolescents loose their parents through AIDS. This thesis is an explorative study to understand the experience of adolescent who have lost their parents through HIV/AIDS. This study was theoretically located within a phenomenological framework. The participants were recruited from the foster care project of Ikamva Labantu in Gugulethu. The participants were adolescents aged from 14- 17 years old. They were purposively selected to participate in this study. The study was conducted within a qualitative research design, and underpinned by an interpretative framework. Data was collected by means of in-depth interviews with the aid of an interview guide, and observations. This study identified seven themes. Three themes share the experience prior to parental death and the four express the experience after parental death. The research findings led to the conclusion that adolescents struggle with a myriad challenges such as discrimination, stigmatisation, caring for siblings and having to deal with the death of parents often without the necessary support. The conclusions drawn and the recommendations made will contribute to knowledge that will support social workers and other professionals working with AIDS orphaned adolescents, in understanding their experiences.
An explorative study of the experience of adolescents who have lost their parents through HIV/AIDS
(2010) Somtsewu, Nomsa Winniefred; Roman, Nicolette
AIDS related deaths of parents have resulted in children being orphaned, in large numbers. Adolescence is a particularly vulnerable period in a child’s developmental life.It is a period charactarised by uncertainties, role confusion and identity crises. This stage becomes even more complex when adolescents loose their parents through AIDS. This thesis is an explorative study to understand the experience of adolescent who have lost their parents through HIV/AIDS. This study was theoretically located within a phenomenological framework. The participants were recruited from the foster care project of Ikamva Labantu in Gugulethu. The participants were adolescents aged from 14- 17 years old. They were purposively selected to participate in this study. The study was conducted within a qualitative research design, and underpinned by an interpretative framework. Data was collected by means of in-depth interviews with the aid of an interview guide, and observations. This study identified seven themes. Three themes share the experience prior to parental death and the four express the experience after parental death. The research findings led to the conclusion that adolescents struggle with a myriad challenges such as discrimination, stigmatisation, caring for siblings and having to deal with the death of parents often without the necessary support. The conclusions drawn and the recommendations made will contribute to knowledge that will support social workers and other professionals working with AIDS orphaned adolescents, in understanding their experiences.
The influence of basic psychological needs on the identification of goals and aspirations of Grade 11 learners in the Western Cape
(University of the Western Cape, 2012) Schilder, Lauren Joy; Roman, Nicolette
In South Africa when learners are in Grade 11 near the end of their school life, the new, but also difficult, transition into adult life now begins. This critical period of development brings forth an array of new challenges: exercising free will, being independent, an increased focus of self, and the decision on what path is to be taken after school. With these challenges comes the act of motivation to acquire the particular goals and aspirations of Grade 11 learners. The question posed was therefore what exactly motivates the South African Grade 11 learner, and why are they motivated to set and aspire to certain goals? The study investigated the basic psychological needs of Grade 11 learners at secondary schools in the Western Cape, along with its relation to the identification of the goals and aspirations of these learners. The study was quantitative in nature. Grade 11 learners currently enrolled for the 2012 academic year, attending secondary schools in the Metro North Western Cape Education District, were invited to participate in the study. This study investigated the influence of basic psychological needs on goals and aspiration pursuits. The sample consisted of 264 Grade 11 learners and data was collected through the administration of a questionnaire compiled through the combination of two scales: The Aspiration Index, and the Basic Measure of Psychological Needs Scale. The data was analyzed through regression analysis. The results of the study suggest that the satisfaction of needs was found to be a significant predictor of both intrinsic as well as extrinsic goal pursuits. The findings further provide an understanding of how basic psychological needs influence the identification of goals and aspirations of Grade 11 Learners. Recommendations are provided for further research in the field of adolescent basic psychological needs and its influences on the identification of goals and aspirations.
The influence of basic psychological needs on the identification of goals and aspirations of Grade 11 learners in the Western Cape
(University of the Western Cape, 2012) Schilder, Lauren Joy; Roman, Nicolette
In South Africa when learners are in Grade 11 near the end of their school life, the new, but also difficult, transition into adult life now begins. This critical period of development brings forth an array of new challenges: exercising free will, being independent, an increased focus of self, and the decision on what path is to be taken after school. With these challenges comes the act of motivation to acquire the particular goals and aspirations of Grade 11 learners. The question posed was therefore what exactly motivates the South African Grade 11 learner, and why are they motivated to set and aspire to certain goals? The study investigated the basic psychological needs of Grade 11 learners at secondary schools in the Western Cape, along with its relation to the identification of the goals and aspirations of these learners. The study was quantitative in nature. Grade 11 learners currently enrolled for the 2012 academic year, attending secondary schools in the Metro North Western Cape Education District, were invited to participate in the study. This study investigated the influence of basic psychological needs on goals and aspiration pursuits. The sample consisted of 264 Grade 11 learners and data was collected through the administration of a questionnaire compiled through the combination of two scales: The Aspiration Index, and the Basic Measure of Psychological Needs Scale. The data was analyzed through regression analysis. The results of the study suggest that the satisfaction of needs was found to be a significant predictor of both intrinsic as well as extrinsic goal pursuits. The findings further provide an understanding of how basic psychological needs influence the identification of goals and aspirations of Grade 11 Learners. Recommendations are provided for further research in the field of adolescent basic psychological needs and its influences on the identification of goals and aspirations.
The relationship between adolescent identity styles and parenting styles in one and two parent families in Botswana
(University of the Western Cape, 2015) Sebangane, Leungo; Roman, Nicolette; Rose, J
Adolescence is a critical developmental stage for any individual. The process of identity formation occurs during this stage and Erikson's theory states that adolescents' engagement in exploration, to form their own sense of identity, is influenced by environmental factors and socialization figures. Family has been one of the most important agents of socialization for adolescents. The family unit is essential in providing the support system for adolescents to overcome the challenges they face. Parenting is one of many aspects that play a role in the development of both adaptive and maladaptive behaviour in adolescents. Family and parenting are, therefore, important in adolescent identity formation. Berzonsky examined the process of social cognitive strategies that individuals utilize, when dealing with identity relevant information; that is the identity styles. One and two-parent families are among the forms of family structures, in which parents employ various parenting styles that, along with the interaction of families members, result in different outcomes in adolescents. The aim of this study was to compare the relationship between perceived parenting styles and the identity styles of adolescents living in one and two-parent families in Botswana. A quantitative methodology with a cross-sectional, correlational-comparative design was employed. The study population was Junior Secondary school learners in Gaborone, Botswana, aged between 13-17 years, residing in a one and two-parent families. Simple random sampling was used to select the 4 schools that participated. The study sample consisted of 194 learners. Data was collected using self-administered questionnaires that included demographic information, the identity style questionnaire and the parenting style and dimensions questionnaire. Data was analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). Descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation and independent t-tests were used to analyze the data. The findings of the study showed that the majority of the participants were oriented towards choosing the informational identity style as was shown by the mean and standard deviation (M=3.64, SD=.62). The most prevalent parenting style was authoritative, with higher maternal scores (M=3.52, SD=.81). There was a relationship between identity styles and parenting style and a significant difference in the relationship between parenting styles and identity styles in one and two-parent families. Pearson correlation was used to determine the relationship between variables and a significant positive relationship was at significance level (p = <0.05).
The relationship between adolescent identity styles and parenting styles in one and two parent families in Botswana
(University of the Western Cape, 2015) Sebangane, Leungo; Roman, Nicolette; Rose, J
Adolescence is a critical developmental stage for any individual. The process of identity formation occurs during this stage and Erikson's theory states that adolescents' engagement in exploration, to form their own sense of identity, is influenced by environmental factors and socialization figures. Family has been one of the most important agents of socialization for adolescents. The family unit is essential in providing the support system for adolescents to overcome the challenges they face. Parenting is one of many aspects that play a role in the development of both adaptive and maladaptive behaviour in adolescents. Family and parenting are, therefore, important in adolescent identity formation. Berzonsky examined the process of social cognitive strategies that individuals utilize, when dealing with identity relevant information; that is the identity styles. One and two-parent families are among the forms of family structures, in which parents employ various parenting styles that, along with the interaction of families members, result in different outcomes in adolescents. The aim of this study was to compare the relationship between perceived parenting styles and the identity styles of adolescents living in one and two-parent families in Botswana. A quantitative methodology with a cross-sectional, correlational-comparative design was employed. The study population was Junior Secondary school learners in Gaborone, Botswana, aged between 13-17 years, residing in a one and two-parent families. Simple random sampling was used to select the 4 schools that participated. The study sample consisted of 194 learners. Data was collected using self-administered questionnaires that included demographic information, the identity style questionnaire and the parenting style and dimensions questionnaire. Data was analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). Descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation and independent t-tests were used to analyze the data. The findings of the study showed that the majority of the participants were oriented towards choosing the informational identity style as was shown by the mean and standard deviation (M=3.64, SD=.62). The most prevalent parenting style was authoritative, with higher maternal scores (M=3.52, SD=.81). There was a relationship between identity styles and parenting style and a significant difference in the relationship between parenting styles and identity styles in one and two-parent families. Pearson correlation was used to determine the relationship between variables and a significant positive relationship was at significance level (p = <0.05).
The role of family functioning in the decision-making styles of adolescents in the Overberg area
(University of the Western Cape, 2015) Lenders, Suzette René; Roman, Nicolette
Adolescence has been regarded as a particularly important stage for the continued development of young adults as they start to make their own life’s decisions and engage in a variety of activities that will influence the rest of their lives. One of the important goals of adolescence is the development of decision-making skills as independence increases, requiring more independent decisions. When an adolescent makes decisions, it is important that s/he has the skills to make confident ones. Various studies identify factors that could affect adolescent decision-making, such as the family environment and family-member relationships, but information pertaining to this subject is still relatively limited. This study examines the role of family functioning in the decision-making styles of adolescents. The theoretical framework used for this study is based on the Family Systems Theory, of which the McMaster Model of Family Functioning (MMFF) is a component. The MMFF is one variation that underlies the family system model, be it nuclear or extended families discussed within chapter 2. A quantitative methodological approach was employed in this study with a cross-sectional correlational research design. The sample consisted of 457 Grade 9 learners from schools in the Overberg area. The data was collected using a self-reported questionnaire that included the Demographic Information, the Family Assessment Device and the Melbourne Decision Making Questionnaire, as part of the quantitative methodology. The data was then analysed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences V22 (SPSS). The results were provided using descriptive and inferential statistics. Participation in this study was voluntary after being well informed, while confidentiality and anonymity was maintained throughout the study. The main results for family functioning indicated the assumption that the participants might have ineffective functioning on all the family functioning variables. The main results for decision-making styles showed an assumption that the vigilant decision-making style was the highest and the Buck-passing decision-making style, the lowest.
The role of family functioning in the decision-making styles of adolescents in the Overberg area
(University of the Western Cape, 2015) Lenders, Suzette René; Roman, Nicolette
Adolescence has been regarded as a particularly important stage for the continued development of young adults as they start to make their own life’s decisions and engage in a variety of activities that will influence the rest of their lives. One of the important goals of adolescence is the development of decision-making skills as independence increases, requiring more independent decisions. When an adolescent makes decisions, it is important that s/he has the skills to make confident ones. Various studies identify factors that could affect adolescent decision-making, such as the family environment and family-member relationships, but information pertaining to this subject is still relatively limited. This study examines the role of family functioning in the decision-making styles of adolescents. The theoretical framework used for this study is based on the Family Systems Theory, of which the McMaster Model of Family Functioning (MMFF) is a component. The MMFF is one variation that underlies the family system model, be it nuclear or extended families discussed within chapter 2. A quantitative methodological approach was employed in this study with a cross-sectional correlational research design. The sample consisted of 457 Grade 9 learners from schools in the Overberg area. The data was collected using a self-reported questionnaire that included the Demographic Information, the Family Assessment Device and the Melbourne Decision Making Questionnaire, as part of the quantitative methodology. The data was then analysed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences V22 (SPSS). The results were provided using descriptive and inferential statistics. Participation in this study was voluntary after being well informed, while confidentiality and anonymity was maintained throughout the study. The main results for family functioning indicated the assumption that the participants might have ineffective functioning on all the family functioning variables. The main results for decision-making styles showed an assumption that the vigilant decision-making style was the highest and the Buck-passing decision-making style, the lowest.