Masters of Science - Msc (Physiotherapy)

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Persoonlikheids eienskappe en skoolprestasie as voorspellers van uitkoms in die kursus b.sc. in fisioterapie aan die Universiteit van Stellenbosch
(University of the Western Cape, 1992) Bester, Maria M; Steyn, D. M; Versfeld, P. A
Keuring van fisioterapie studente vind wereldwyd hoofsaaklik op grond van skolastiese prestasie plaas. Sommige opleidingsinstansies sluit biografiese veranderlikes en sommige persoonlikheidsveranderlikes wat deur middel van onderhoude indentifiseer word, in" Hierdie studie poog daarin om'n korrelasie te vind tussen skolastiese prestasie enpsigomotoriese veranderlikes aan die een kant en akademiese-, praktiese- en kliniese veranderlikes aan die ander kant. Vanuit die resultate van die studie word voorstelle gemaak vir die samestelling van 'n keuringsprosedure of battery vir fisioterapie studente. Die steekproef bestaan uit 'n groep van7l(x studente wat met die B.Sc. kursus in Fisioterapie begin het vanaf L979 tot 1985. Die resultate van die psigometriese toetse deur die studente in hul eerstejaar afgel6, word in die studie gebruik. Hierdie toetse word met die oog op beroepsvoorligting gedoen. Die studie slaag daarin om die tekortkominge iq beide die huidige metodes van keuring sowel as die psigometriese toetse in hierdie studie gebruik, te identifiseer. Skolastiese prestasie toon steeds die hoogste beduidende korrelasie tydens die prekliniese studiejare. Nie-kognitiewe veranderlikes skp egter van belang te wees by die voorspetling van kliniese prestasie. Verskeie belowende alternatiewe om as keuringskriteria of -prosedures te dien, word identifiseer en hoort in toekornstige ondersoeke in hierdie rigting'n rol te speel.
Prevalence and incidence of athletic related sports injuries in primary and high school children in the Cape Metropolitan area
(University of the Western Cape, 2000) Dantu.Frantz, Jose Merle; Amosun, S L
Sports injuries are unwanted side-effects of sports participation in children and adolescents. ln South Africa, there is a dearth of information on sports injuries. The aim of the study was to determine if primary and high school children sustained injuries during athletics in schools and at competitions. This community-based survey would serve as an epidemiological basis for planning community programs to prevent injuries during athletic activities The study was conducted in two stages namely a retrospective stage and a prospective stage. The retrospective stage of the study attempted to determine if injuries did occur during athletics at schools in the Cape Metropolitan Area of the Western Cape for the athletics season between 1995 and 1998 and whether the data were adequately documented. The study found that accurate injury records were not kept at the schools. The prospective study attempted to document the injuries sustained during athletic competitions for two successive athletic seasons. The study revealed that injury incidence was high. A large proportion of the injuries sustained were musculo-skeletal injuries. The need for medical services to assist with the high incidence of injuries during athletic competitions involving school children was identified. An information booklet was designed to inform teachers and trainers of the situation in schools and to offer information needed to prevent the high incidence of injury. The booklet highlighted the types of injuries sustained by athletes participating in athletics, predisposing factors to these injuries, and recommendations to prevent the injuries from occurring.
Health promotion needs of physically disabled individuals with lower limb amputation in selected areas of Rwanda
(University of the Western Cape, 2001) Mutimura, Eugene; Amosun, S.L
This thesis is a quantitative and qualitative study, reflecting the health promotion I needs of individuals with lower limb amputation in Rwanda. Individuals with physical disabilities are at risk of secondary complications due to the impact of the disability, and this may be exacerbated by poor choices of lifestyle. Rehabilitation services have been traditionally designed for those experiencing sudden on-set, traumatic disabling conditions. Although physically disabled persons desire to engage in wellness-enhancing activities, limited programs based on their health promotion needs' assessment have been developed. In this study, participants' health promotion needs and factors that influence their health-related behaviours were examined using a questionnaire survey and in-depth face-to-face interviews. Data analysis, using SPSS version 10.0, was used to obtain frequency tables and histograms. Chi-square tests, Fisher's exact Tests and Pearson's correlation coefficient were utilized to test for associations between several variables. Audiotape recordings and process notes were translated, and then transcribed verbatim. Strong themes that ran through the data were identified. In order to qualify for between method triangulation used in the study, complementally strengths were identified by comparing textual qualitative data with numerical quantitative results and vice versa. Participants were 334, comprising more males (8O%) than females (20%). The most frequently reported cause of amputation was land mines injuries (44.6%). Most participants were either unilateral below-knee (40.7%) or above-knee (40.1%) amputees. The. majority of participants led physically inactivity lifestyles (64.7%), others consumed alcohol (60.5%), used tobacco (33.5%) and drugs (9.6%). In-depth interviews revealed that participants' low psycho-social status and self-perception led to depression and frustration. Negative peer influence and lack of access to relevant information predisposed them to involvement in risky health behaviours. Further interviews indicated that the participants' perceived health-related needs included access to relevant information and new lifestyle habits to improve their health. Participants also desired job opportunities, particularly vocational training programmes and the formation of support groups, to enhance various programmes. The study findings are extremely challenging. Over 50% of participants were engaged in health-risk behaviours, which would certainly result in the deterioration of their health status. This places a greater demand on rehabilitation services, increasing morbidity and mortality rates, thus further straining the national health -- budget. There is therefore an urgent need to develop, encourage and promote - wellness-enhancing behaviours and activities, to improve the participants' health status and ultimate quality of life. Finally, further studies need to focus on barriers and determinants of health-promoting behaviours, and to explore more about issues related to self-perception and risky health behaviours.
A profile of burn injuries among children aged 0-12 years at the Black Lion hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia (1996-2001)
(University of the Western Cape, 2003) Woldegiorgis, Worku; Marais, M.
Millions of patients with burns require medical attention each year. Impairments, disabilities and handicap due to burn injuries among children are increasing. One possible reason could be that burn injury prevention were not given as much attention as infectious diseases such as leprosy, and tuberculosis (TB). The purpose of the study was to compile a profile of burn injuries among children aged 0-12 years, who were treated at the Black Lion Hospital (BLH) between 1996 and 2001 in Ethiopia. A retrospective, quantitative study design was chosen. Data was collected from the hospital records of 250 children seen with burn injuries. Clinical data, such as the cause and severity of the burn, and socio-demographic data such as the age of the child and his or her caregivers, their socio-economic status and educational levels, were captured. Descriptive and inferential statistical analyses of the data were carried out between socio-demographic variables and the burn injuries. The Chi-squared statistical test was used to identify associations and differences between selected variables. The major causes of thermal burns were hot liquids (63.4%) and flames (36.6%). The highest prevalence of burn injuries occurred in those children in the care of illiterate caregivers (p<0.01). The highest risk environment for burn accidents was identified as the kitchen (p<0.05). Most of the burns (64%) occurred in the children below the age of five years old. This finding was not statistically significant but it is of great clinical importance. Health and safety promotion programmes aimed at carers to minimize the risk of childhood disabilities due to burn injuries are recommended. Caregivers and school children have to be taught to use simple fire prevention procedures to avoid thermal burn injuries. Although the results of this study cannot be generalized, it provides a glimpse of the burn status and causes of thermal burn at BLH. However, in order to get more comprehensive information it is important to obtain information from more hospitals in the country through prospective studies.
Physical inactivity: A health risk behaviour among adult women in Kigali, Rwanda
(University of the Western Cape, 2003) Kagwiza, Jeanne N.; Phillips, Julie
There is evidence of the rising incidence and prevalence of chronic diseases of lifestyle in developing countries. It is estimated that by 2020 chronic diseases of lifestyle in Sub-Saharan Africa will be almost 50% of the burden of disease. Rapid urbanization with changes in lifestyle, such as physical activity patterns could explain at least partially the ongoing epidemiological transition. The purpose of this study was to assess levels of participation in physical activity among working Rwandan women in Kigali, in relation to socio-economic demographic characteristics. A cross-sectional study design using both quantitative and qualitative methods was used. Participants' level of participation in physical activity and influence of socio-economic demographic factors on questionnaire adapted from Sub-Saharan African Questionnaire. A focus group discussion assessed the need for a health promotion program related to physical activity participation among working women. Data analysis, using Statistical analysis version 8e, was used to obtain frequency tables and histograms. Chisquare tests and Fisher's exact tests were utilized to test for association between variables. Focus group discussion data were transcribed and translated into English. Data were then coded and put into themes and categories. There were 352 participants, with a mean age of 33.4 years. 71.9% of the participants were classified as sedentary and only 28.1 % of the participants were classified as physically active. Participation in physical activity decreased with age, and there were more participants classified as sedentary people in the married group (77%) than in non-married group (63.2%). A lower level of education and income of participants, the higher the level of participation in physical activity. Among the reported prevalence of chronic diseases, high blood pressure and diabetes were only reported by participants classified as sedentary. During the focus group discussion, participants reported facilitators and benefits of physical activity including, routine, relaxation, socialization and fitness, managing obesity and health purposes. Barriers limiting the participants' ability to engage in physical activity included lack of time, lack of knowledge, laziness, domestic helper, lack of motivation and culture. The main themes, which were identified as important in the development of a health promotion program were: The education and encouragement of girl children; education of women in the community, finding facilities and appropriate venues, a suitable environment and the contribution of physical activity program towards unity and reconciliation was emphasised. The findings of this study demonstrate a problem concerning sedentary lifestyle among the working women in Kigali/Rwanda. It is alarming that the participants who are already classified as sedentary and who will probably experience the consequences of sedentary lifestyle in the future are already reporting chronic diseases like high blood pressure and diabetes. There is therefore an urgent need to design, implement and evaluate a health promotion intervention aimed at promoting a physically active lifestyle in Rwanda.
Physical disabilities among adults with HIV/AIDS being managed by the Makeni home-based carers in Lusaka, Zambia
(University of the Western Cape, 2004) Mumba, Mumba; Rhoda, Anthea; Dept. of Physiotherapy; Faculty of Community and Health Sciences
HIV and AIDS are now being considered as a chronic disease. As people live longer the possibility of physical disability increases. This study aimed to investigate the nature of physical disability among HIV/AIDS adults cared for by the Makeni home-based carers in Lusaka, Zambia. Disability was measured based on the World Health Organisation International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health. This study demonstrated that mostly mild impairments and mild to moderate activity limitations and participation restrictions exists among patients in the Makeni home-based care programme. This study concluded that physiotherapists and other health professionals will have to be more involved in the community home-based programs that are suited for people living with HIV/AIDS so that they are also provided with clinical assessments and rehabilitation services.
Perceived needs and experiences of informal caregivers of adult stroke survivors post discharge in Lusaka
(University of the Western Cape, 2004) Khondowe, Oswell; Mpofu, Ratie
stroke is a serious health problem in both developing and developed countries. lt is estimated that more than one-half of stroke survivors are left with residue disabilities that require assistance with activities of daily living, such as, eating, bathing and dressing. Family or community members who volunteer to provide the assistance in activities of daily living for the disabled are referred to as informal caregivers. The main aim of this study is to identify the expressed needs and experiences of informal caregivers of adult stroke patients attending physiotherapy sessions at University Teaching Hospital (UTH) in Lusaka and investigate factors influencing them. seventy informal caregivers of stroke patients attending the out-patient physiotherapy department were recruited for this study. A cross-sectional descriptive study design utilizing a questionnaire with closed items and another with open items administered by the researcher are used in the present study. Ethical clearance was obtained from the Higher Degrees committee of the University of the Western Cape's Faculty of Community Health Science. The statistical Package for Social sciences (SPSS) and statistical Analysis system (SAS) were used in order to obtain frequencies, cross tabulations and correlations. Interviews using the questionnaire with open-ended items were tape-recorded and transcribed verbatim. Transcribed data were reduced into categories and categories into themes. The themes that were more frequent were information of stroke rehabilitation and knowledge about stroke, discontinuity of caregiver's daily routine, need for support services, work overload, need for community centred programmes, need for finances, views on physiotherapy rehabilitation services and need for respite care.
The knowledge and attitutes of physiotherapists towards patients with HIV/AIDS in the Lusaka Province, Zambia
(University of the Western Cape, 2004) Salati, Florence Chiwala; Marais, M; Dept. of Physiotherapy; Faculty of Community and Health Sciences
With the increase in the number of persons suffering from HIV/AIDS, physiotherapists are often required to treat these patients who present with respiratory and neurological complications. Although physiotherapists are at a lower risk of HIV infection in the workplace than nurses and doctors, it is necessary to determine their knowledge and perceptions of the risks, fears of HIV transmission and their attitudes towards patients with the disease. The aim of the study was to determine the physiotherapists knowledge of, and their attitudes towards patients with HIV/AIDS. It also explored whether the physiotherapists knowledge influences attitudes towards HIV/AIDS patients in Lusaka, Zambia.
Prevalence and impact of urinary incontinence on quality of life among adult Kigali women
(University of the Western Cape, 2004) Gashugi, Phophina Muhimpundu; Louw, Quinette; Dept. of Physiotherapy; Faculty of Community and Health Sciences
Urinary incontinence has already been identified worldwide for years as a health problem affecting essentially women, which can interfere with their overall quality of life. However in Rwanda, this problem has yet not been addressed adequately either because of lack of expertise, or because of cultural traditions associated with taboos among women. Social conditions of women facing this problem hinder them from seeking possibly adequate medical assistance. It is important that this problem be addressed because it may lead to disability, social seclusion, psychological stress and economic burdens. This study was a pioneer one, intended to diagnose the extent of the problem through determining the prevalence of urinary incontinence as well as its impact on the quality of life among women. The study will hopefully be followed by the promotion of physiotherapy to tackle the problem and therefore reduce the number of people suffering from urinary incontinence.
The perceived attitudes, knowledge and barriers towards evidence-based practice (EBP) amongst physiotherapists in the United Republic of Tanzania
(University of the Western Cape, 2004) Maigeh, Elias Peterson; Rhoda, Anthea; Dept. of Physiotherapy; Faculty of Community and Health Sciences
There has recently been an increased pressure in all-healthcare disciplines to provide interventions that are scientific, safe, efficient and cost-effective. Evidence-based practice is said to be the current best approach to address these attributes. All healthcare professionals including physiotherapists need to adopt it. Numerous physiotherapy studies have been carried out to ascertain the attitudes towards, knowledge of, engagement in as well as the barriers of evidence-based practice. These studies were mostly carried out in the developed countries and almost none in the devloping African countries. By means of an exploratory cross-sectional study, deploying both quantitative and qualitative methods, this study investigated the Tanzanian physiotherapists attitudes towards the concept of evidence-absed practice. The study also examined the knowledge that they possess, that could enable them engage in evidence-based related activities. In addition, this study explored the barriers they experience while practicing evidence-based practice.
Health promotion needs of youth with physical disabilities with specific reference to spinal cord injury in the Western Cape -- South Africa
(University of the Western Cape, 2004) Njoki, Emmah; Frantz, J; MPofu, R; Dept. of Physiotherapy; Faculty of Community and Health Sciences
This study aimed to determine health promotion needs of physically disabled youth with spinal cord injury. The study specifically explored health-related behaviours with reference to participation in physical activity and substance usage, factors that influenced these behaviours and major issues that needed to be targeted in health promotion.
Predisposing factors of chronic low back pain (CLBP) among sedentary office workers (SOW) in Nairobi, Kenya
(University of the Western Cape, 2004) Mukandoli, Kumuntu; Gurie, P; Dept. of Physiotherapy; Faculty of Community and Health Sciences
Chronic low back pain is a highly prevalent condition in industrialized nations. It is associated with activity limitations, disability, has significant economic impact on society and incurs personal cost. Today's working environment increasingly demands more time spent sitting due to computerization and other advances in technology. Sitting for hours without taking breaks may influence posture, and alignment of the lumbar spine. Therefore, it may influence low back pain. Kenya as a developing country has an increasing number of people involved in sedentary work. The aim of this study was to identify the predisposing factors of chronic low back pain among sedentary office workers in Nairobi. The main objectives were to establish the prevalence of chronc low back pain; to determine the possible predisposing factors of chronic low back pain and to determine the impact of chronic low back pain on work related quality of life among sedentary office workers in Nairobi, Kenya.
Factors influencing utilisation of postnatal services in Mulago and Mengo Hospitals Kampala, Uganda
(University of the Western Cape, 2004) Nankwanga, Annet; Phillips, Julie; Hagglund, Kristofer J; Dept. of Physiotherapy; Faculty of Community and Health Sciences
Maternal and child-health and health education are three major concerns of public health organisations and researchers throughout the world. Health education for mothers is a strategy many countries have adopted to improve maternal and child-health. The present study was carried out in Uganda with the objective of exploring the factors influencing the utilisation of postnatal services at Mulago and Mengo hospitals, a government and private hospital. Both hospitals are located in Kampala district in Uganda. The survey, was completed by 330 women who responded to a structured questionnaire that was given to them six to eight weeks after delivery. Questions that were asked generated demographic information about the mothers; mothers’ knowledge about postnatal services; mothers’ socio-economic status and barriers to utilisation of the postnatal services. The participants included all women who delivered in Mulago and Mengo hospitals in November 2003 except for those who had had a neonatal death. The data was analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Some of the key findings of the study were that most women lacked awareness about postnatal services and those who knew about these services only knew about immunisation and family planning services. The majority of the mothers did not know about other services, such as physiotherapy, counselling, growth monitoring, and physical examination. Lack of money for transport or service costs, distance from the health care facility, not being aware of the services, lack of somebody to take care of the child at home were some of the main barriers to utilisation of postnatal services. Others included, lack of education, lack of employment, lack of decision-making powers, and lack of time to go back for the service. The ministry of health should educate women and communities about the importance of postnatal care, its availability, and the importance of women having decision-making power over their own health. The health service organization should improve on the quality of care by ensuring that services are provided at convenient hours with privacy, confidentiality and respect and it should evaluate the services periodically from the users perspective to maintain the quality of service.
Parent/caregiver satisfaction with physiotherapy services for children with cerebral palsy: an explorative qualitative study at the cerebral palsy clinic in Mulago Hospital, Kampala, Uganda
(University of the Western Cape, 2004) Irochu-Omare, Margaret Helen; Struthers, Patricia; Dept. of Physiotherapy; Faculty of Community and Health Sciences
The extent to which customers are satified with the care they receive from the health professionals has been an important area of interest for researchers, managers and health care workers. The physiotherapy cerebral palsy clinic at Mulago Hospital in Kampala Uganda provides physiotherapy services for parents caregivers of children with cerebral palsy. The parents caregivers visit the clinic seeking physiotherapy services that will address their problems and those of the child. The purpose of this study was to explore the satisfaction that the parents caregivers of children with cerebral palsy get from utilising the physiotherapy services at the clinic and to identify the barriers problems that they encounter that might affect their attendance.
Epidemiology of soccer injuries in Rwanda: A need for physiotherapy intervention
(University of the Western Cape, 2004) Twizere, Janvier; Frantz, José; Dept. of Physiotherapy; Faculty of Community and Health Sciences
Being involved in soccer in Rwanda at both national and international level exposes soccer players to the risk of injury. The aim of this study was to identify common soccer injuries among the 1st and 2nd division soccer teams in Rwanda and to establish the need for physiotherapy intervention. This deals with the first two stages of injury prevention, which included identification and description of the extent of the problem and the identification of factors and mechanisms that play a part in the occurrence of injuries.
Experiences of caregivers regarding their participation in community-based rehabilitation for children aged 0-12 years in Botswana
(University of the Western Cape, 2004) Kilonzo, Jackson M. M.; Marais, M; Dept. of Physiotherapy; Faculty of Community and Health Sciences
This study investigated the experiences of caregivers regarding their participation in community-based rehabilitation for children with physical disabilities in two selected communities in Botswana. The experiences included the impact of disability on the immediate family, coping strategies, enabling factors and barriers to participation in community-based rehabilitation.
Perceptions among caregivers and physiotherapists on the importance of chest physiotherapy in asthmatic children attending hospitals in Kigali, Rwanda
(University of the Western Cape, 2004) Remera, Jeanne Manywa; Marais, M; Dept. of Physiotherapy; Faculty of Community and Health Sciences
Childhood asthma is one of the commonest chronic respiratory conditions in developed communities. Chest physiotherapy has traditionally been one of the interventions used mainly after an attack and for a relatively short-period on an outpatient basis. The purpose of the study was to determine the perceptions of physiotherapists and caregivers about the importance of chest physiotheraphy in asthmatic children in Kigali. To achieve this aim the author attempted to identify the perceived benefits of chest physiotherapy for asthmatic children among caregivers; to determine the perception of physiotherapists about the importance of chest physiotherapy for asthmatic children and; to identify the physiotherapists experiences with doctors referrals and the caregivers compliance in the management of asthmatic children.
Perceived benefits of, barriers and helpful cues to physical activity among tertiary institution students in Rwanda
(University of the Western Cape, 2004) Tumusiime, David Kabagema; FRANTZ, José; Dept. of Physiotherapy; Faculty of Community and Health Sciences
According to literature, particularly from data obtained from the World Health Organisation, physical inactivity or sedentarism is one of the leading causes of the major non-communicable diseases, which contributes substantially to the global burden of diseases, death and disability. The burden of mortality, morbidity and disability attributable to non-communicable diseases is currently greatest and is continuing to grow in the developing countries. Most declines in physical activity are during the transition from high school to college or university. The aim of the study was to ascertain perceptions of physical activity, specifically; perceived benefits of, perceived barriers and perceived helpful motivational factors to physical activity among tertiary institution students in Rwanda, and to find out whether demographic and background characteristics have an influence on these perceptions.
Health education needs among individuals with low back pain
(University of the Western Cape, 2004) Ng'uurah, Julius Nyagah; Frantz, José; Dept. of Physiotherapy; Faculty of Community and Health Sciences
The prevalence of low back pain has assumed an upsurge trend in the last five decades despite the many interventional strategies. One interventional strategy that has been unsuccessful has been patient education. Lack of positive results from many of the existing patient education programmes is probably due to the type of health information that has been presented and the method that has been used. Many of the health education programmes have been planned according to what the medical professionals assumed the individuals needed to know, assumptions that could have ignored some crucial aspects. This study explored the perceived health education needs of individuals with low back pain at the Nairobi Hospital Rehabilitation Unit in Kenya, the method used to educate the individuals, the appropriateness of the method according to the individuals in addition to identifying the source of the health education that the individuals had.
Met and unmet palliative care needs for people living with HIV/AIDS in selected areas in Rwanda
(University of the Western Cape, 2005) Uwimana, Jeannine; Struthers, Patricia; Dept. of Physiotherapy; Faculty of Community and Health Sciences
The aim of this study was to investigate met and unmet palliative care needs for people living with HIV/AIDS in selected areas in Rwanda. The achieve this aim, the study, firstly, identified the palliative care needs of people living with HIV/AIDS, secondly, it identified the health care services available to meet these needs, and thirdly, it determined the extent to which palliative care needs were met.

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