Browsing by Author "Wanyonyi, Nancy Eileen Nekoye"

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    Development of standards for undergraduate occupational health in a physiotherapy curriculum: A case in Kenya
    (University of Western Cape, 2020) Wanyonyi, Nancy Eileen Nekoye; Frantz; Kangethe, Simon
    Occupational health (OH) in physiotherapy is well known for addressing workrelated musculoskeletal disorders (WRMDs), which are high in number according to the available statistics (Fingerhut, Concha, Punnet, Steenland, & Driscoll, 2014). The introduction of the Bachelor of Science in Physiotherapy degree in Kenya in 2010 created a good platform for the development and review of occupational health content in the curriculum
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    The effect of a knowledge-based ergonomic intervention amongst administrators at AGA Khan University Hospital, Nairobi
    (University of the Western Cape, 2012) Wanyonyi, Nancy Eileen Nekoye; Frantz, Jose; Hassan, Saidi
    Lack of adherence to the correct working conditions exposes workers to ergonomics-related hazards and eventually work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WRMDs) which are estimated at 160 million per year globally. Literature shows that with modernization by use of computers, administrators are exposed to prolonged sitting and long working hours which predisposes them to ergonomic hazards. Low back pain and neck pain are the leading work-related musculoskeletal disorders with a lifetime prevalence of 70 - 80% and 50 - 60% respectively.Both low back pain and neck pain have a multifactorial aetiology that includes work-related and individual related factors. Lack of reporting of work-related injuries has led to paucity of statistical literature with regards to work-related low back pain and neck pain, especially in the developing countries. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of ergonomics related low back pain and neck pain, and describe the effect of a knowledge-based ergonomic intervention among administrators in Aga Khan University Hospital, Nairobi (AKUH, N). A mixed method design was used in this study using a survey and two focus group discussions(FGD). A self-administered questionnaire that is in four sections was administered to 208 participants. The questionnaire sought the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders, the knowledge of participants with regards to low back pain and neck pain as well as the work-related and individual risk factors related to the same. The dissemination of the study results involved a one hour knowledge-based ergonomic session given to all interested participants, based on the information from the survey. Two FGD with purposive selection of eight participants were held to explore their experience on the value of the information provided.The statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 20 was used to capture and analyze the quantitative data. Descriptive statistics was used to summarize the study findings in the form of means, frequencies, standard deviations and percentages. Inferential statistics (chi-square) was used to test the associations between different categorical variables (p<0.05). For the qualitative data, the tape recorded interviews were transcribed verbatim, field notes typed, sorting and arranging data was done and themes were generated. Thematic content analysis was used to generate the themes. The aim of the study, confidentiality and the participants‘ freedom to withdraw from the study were explained. Informed consent was also obtained before the survey and FGD and referral was made where necessary. The findings of the current study revealed that the study participants were knowledgeable about ergonomics-related low back pain and neck pain however this knowledge was not directly translated into behaviour. Low back pain (LBP) had the highest twelve month prevalence at 75.5% followed by neck pain at 67.8%, and LBP showed significant associations at p< 0.05 with some work-related and individual risk factors. The results of the FGDs showed that most participants had positive behavioural and attitudinal change post the knowledge-based ergonomic intervention despite the challenges they met in implementing the behavioural change. These results therefore show the need for continual education about ergonomics to create awareness on the predisposing factors to work-related LBP and neck pain, hence promoting a healthier quality of life amongst employees through adherence to healthy work behavioural practice.
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    Factors inhibiting equalization of opportunities towards persons with physical disabilities in Uasin-Gishu County, Kenya
    (University of the Western Cape, 2016) Koech, Christopher Arap; Mlenzana, Nondwe; Wanyonyi, Nancy Eileen Nekoye
    Background: Persons with physical disabilities experience unfavorable conditions in health care, education, employment infrastructure and recreational facilities. Persons with physical disabilities have encountered challenges in accessing health services, accessing the inbuilt environment. Likewise they have also faced economic exclusion, religious exclusion and social/moral exclusion. Laws have been enacted globally, in Africa and in Kenya and the latest universal law being the United Nations Convention on Rights of Person with Disabilities. Aim of the study: To determine factors inhibiting equalization of opportunities with regards to the services in health, education, employment and to explore the factors inhibiting equalization of opportunities with regards to infrastructure and recreational facilities, to persons with physical disability in Uasin Gishu County, Kenya. Study area: Research was conducted at Moi Teaching and Referral Hospital and APDK Mobile Outreach Centers for Persons with disability. Research Design: Mixed method approach (concurrent) was used where the researcher integrated information at the final interpretation of the results. The study was done in quantitative and qualitative phases. Research Instruments: A self-administered questionnaire was used to collect quantitative data. The questionnaire that was in four sections was administered to 375 participants and it sought to determine the factors inhibiting equalization of opportunities to persons with physical disabilities with regards to health, education and employment. The reliability and validity of the research instrument was tested before use. Six focus group discussions using the nomination rule was conducted and it comprised of 6-8 participants. Structured interviews with four key informants were also held to explore the factors inhibiting equalization of opportunities to persons with physical disabilities in recreational facilities and infrastructure in Uasin Gishu County Kenya. Data analysis: Version 22 of the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) was used to pinpoint the quantitative data. Descriptive statistics was used and the findings were presented in the form of frequencies and percentages. To test the relationship between the different categories of variables inferential statistics (chi-square) was used, (p<0.05). For the qualitative data, the tape recorded interviews were transcribed verbatim, field notes typed, categorizing and ordering data was done and themes were produced. To obtain themes thematic content analysis was used. Ethics: The participants were made aware of the aim of the study, confidentiality and their freedom to withdraw from the study. Approval was obtained from the University of the Western Cape Senate Research Grants and Study Leave Committee before the study commenced. Ethical clearance was also obtained from the Institutional Research and Ethics Committee of MTRH and Moi University. Informed approval was also obtained before the survey and the FGD. Results: There were statistially significant relationship between nature of disability and workplace policies (p=0.001) to employment, distance from residence (p=0.001) to health facility and attitude of health workers on access to health. There was also a significant relationship between school policies (p=0.001) and help from family members (p=0.001) in access to education. The emerging themes in the FGD were the presence of sidewalks, zebra crossing, car parks, traffic control lights, benches and rest areas, transport adaptation, building adaptation, toilets and ramps/ lifts. The discussions in the emerging themes in the FGDs showed that persons with physical disabilities are yet to fully access infrastructure and recreational facilities. Conclusion: These results therefore showed that PWDs are yet to attain equalization of opportunities with regards to health, employment, education and recreation compared to their non-disabled counterparts and is therefore recommended that the legislations/policies in place be fully implemented in line with UN convention 2006 and persons with disabilities Act 2003 (Kenya).