Browsing by Author "Roman, Nicolette"
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Item Adjustment of first year university students and the effect of a psychosocial intervention on their mental health and adjustment over an interrupted time series(University of the Western Cape, 2017) Stroud, Candice; Roman, NicoletteFirst-year students face an array of challenges, ranging from financial, to academic and psychosocial problems. Research suggests that first-year students require student support structures to enable student retention. Higher education institutions have now focused on building towards student graduate attributes as well as developing well-balanced, well-rounded students. First-year experience studies have identified the growing interest in the potential impact of psycho-social interventions on the social adjustment and influence on students’ mental health. This study assess the effects of psychosocial interventions on the mental health and adjustment of first-year students by using an Interrupted Time Series (ITS) analysis.Item An assessment of the perceptions of parental practices which place children at-risk for abuse and neglect(University of the Western Cape, 2012) Cottee, Gail Janine; Roman, NicoletteThe aim of the study was to assess the perceptions of parental practices, which could place children at risk for abuse and neglect. This study used the quantitative method with a cross-sectional comparative design to examine and compare parental practices of parents, whose children were victims of abuse or neglect across gender, marital status and socio economic status. A sample of 163 participants (87 mothers and 76 fathers), who were either single or married and their socio economic status varied from the lower to the higher income group participated in the study. The participants completed the questionnaire, which was based on the Parental Bonding Instrument (PBI) and the data was analyzed by means of the Statistical Package in the Science (SPSS version 20). The results suggest that there are no significant differences between parents based on socio-economic status and marital status. However, there were significant differences between mothers? and fathers? care and overprotection. Furthermore, mothers were identified as being affectionless controlling in their parenting practices (low care and high overprotection) and fathers as affectionately constraining in their parenting practices (high care and high protection). Recommendations are provided for this studyItem The challenges experienced by parents when parenting a child with hearing loss within a South African context(Routledge, 2021) Davids, Ronel; Roman, Nicolette; Schenck, CatherinaThe purpose of the current study was to explore the challenges experienced by hearing parents when parenting a child with hearing loss. Using a qualitative purposive sampling design, interviews were conducted with 13 parents (9 mothers, 4 fathers) residing in Cape Town, South Africa. Four salient themes emerged, namely: 1) communication is difficult, hard, and frustrating; 2) lack of knowledge and information about hearing loss makes it difficult to parent; 3) little or no support makes for a lonely journey; and 4) support identified by parents for parents. The findings of the study have important implications for collaboration and partnerships between parents and health and family practitioners within South Africa for the design and development of supportive interventions for parents parenting a child with hearing loss.Item Circle of Security parenting program efficacy for improving parental self-efficacy in a South African setting: Preliminary evidence(Routledge, 2018) Rose, Jenny; Roman, Nicolette; Mwaba, KelvinThis pilot study examined the cross-cultural transportability of a western Circle of Security (COS) parenting program to improve on levels of parental self-efficacy in a South African setting . Participants (n = 9) were sampled from a fishing community on the West Coast of South Africa . The participants completed the COS with pre-test and post-test measures of their parenting self-efficacy . Furthermore, they completed an open-ended measure of their satisfaction with the parenting program . The data were analysed using the Wilcoxon sign-rank test and the Sign test to determine the significance in differences between pre-to-post-test change scores . In addition, a thematic analysis was conducted on participant’s satisfaction with the parenting program . Results indicated significant and possible change scores for the efficacy scores: ability to handle parenting pressures, control, and learning . The participants considered the COS program appropriate to their context and situation . These preliminary findings support the need for further study of the COS parenting program within the broader context of South Africa.Item A comparative analysis and evaluation of the naturopathic curriculum in South Africa(South African Medical Association, 2021) Ericksen-Pereira, Wendy; Roman, Nicolette; Swart, RinaNaturopathy has been taught at tertiary level in South Africa (SA) for 18 years. This research paper examines the naturopathic curriculum to determine whether it is benchmarked to international standards and meets the needs of graduates in practice. It is the first research paper that critically reviews the curriculum of a complementary alternative medicine profession taught at a higher education institution (HEI) in SA.To critically review the naturopathy curriculum taught at an SA HEI. Methods. This research used a sequential two-stage qualitative methodology. In stage one, a comparative document analysis was conducted using the curriculum recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO), the World Naturopathic Federation (WNF) and the University of the Western Cape. Stage two consisted of a graduate review of the curriculum. Eighteen graduates participated in the review by providing input on all the subjects in the curriculum via email. The responses were summarised and thematically analysed.Item The contribution of divorce to parental self-efficacy and perception of parenting among divorced parents: A qualitative study(University of the Western Cape, 2019) Rix, Ramone Che; Rose, Jenny; Roman, NicoletteDivorce and self-efficacy are areas that have been studied quite widely and extensively in recent decades. Going through a divorce has an effect on how parents actually parent their children, which in turn has an effect on the behavioral, emotional, social and academic outcomes of the child. Divorce is considered a significant factor in determining emotional and social problems that children begin to exhibit. However, few research has been conducted on the relationship of divorce with parental self-efficacy and perception of parenting among divorced parents in South Africa. Therefore, this study used qualitative interviews to explore the impact of divorce on parental self-efficacy and perceptions of parenting among ten divorced parents from working to middle class community in Cape Town, South Africa. . The interviews were analyzed by making use of thematic analysis. Results showed that, although participants experienced an initial period of extreme emotional distress and feeling overwhelmed at being a single parent, their confidence in their parenting increased over time as they began to adjust to their new lives and received adequate and regular support. This was accomplished through various techniques and coping mechanisms employed by the participants, and with their social support structure playing a significant role on their parental self-efficacy. This study contributes to the research that has been conducted on parental self-efficacy, specifically, the research that has been conducted in a South African context, which has been generally lacking in terms of previous research.Item The effects of family conflict on the psychological needs and externalising behaviour of preadolescents(University of Stellenbosch, 2018) Kader, Zainab; Roman, NicoletteUsually, it is within families that we discover, develop and grow as individuals (Corey, 2009; Department of Social Development, 2013). Yet not all families provide an environment that allows for healthy discovery, development and growth, as many families experience family conflict (Saxbe, Ramos, Timmons, Rodriguez & Margolin, 2014). Children who witness family conflict may experience dysfunction later in life (Habib, Toumbourou, Mcritchie, Williams, Kremer, Mckenzie, & Catalano, 2014; World Health Organisation [WHO], 2014) such as displaying concerning psychological and behavioural responses (Santiago & Wadsworth, 2009; Saxbe et al., 2014). These psychological and behavioural responses play a role in preadolescent functioning at school, home and the community (Liu, 2004; Cummings & Schatz, 2012).Item An exploration of emotion-focused parenting of parents living in low and high socioeconomic communities, Kleinmond, Western Cape(University of the Western Cape, 2022) Februarie, Doreen; Roman, NicoletteA parent is responsible for caregiving to a child and is a significant other with whom a child has a long-term, unique, and irreplaceable emotional bond. Emotion-focused parenting is described as a practice in which an individual who is responsible for caregiving to a child interacts and engages with children in such a way to encourage them to demonstrate their emotions, affection, and understanding and acceptance thereof. Due to limited research conducted in South Africa on emotion-focused parenting practices, this study explored parents understanding of emotion-focused parenting, characteristics of emotion-focused parenting and emotion-focused parenting practices of parents living in low and high socioeconomic communities.Item An exploration of human capabilities of parents with children (0-8 years) with disabilities(University of the Western Cape, 2021) Magidigidi, Lumka; Roman, NicoletteParenting a child with a developmental disability has a significant impact on the lives of parents and/or caregivers as well as how the family functions. This is often due to the changes in life routines that are necessary to provide for childcare may therefore require certain capabilities of carers. There is limited research conducted on the human capabilities of parents with disabled children in South Africa. This study, therefore, explored the human capabilities of parents or caregivers with children younger than eight years with developmental disabilities. This study used a qualitative methodological approach to explore the experiences of the parents of children with developmental disabilities.Item An exploration of Learning styles amongst social work students.(2017) Frantz, Jose; Roman, Nicolette; DeJager, MSocial work educators are faced with the challenge of ensuring that students from diverse backgrounds are fully equipped with the necessary knowledge and skills. However, to be effective social work educators, the educator is required to understand the learning style of the student. The aim of this systematic review was to explore the learning styles of social work students for the purpose of understanding how to adapt and refine teaching strategies in social work. To this end, a search for descriptive studies in databases, which included Ebscohost (Academic Premier, CINAHL, SOcIndex, Psycharticles, Medline), DOAJ and Pubmed, was conductedItem An exploration of parental connection and the human capability of emotion in the first 1000 days of life(University of the Western Cape, 2022) Marshall, Chalmaine C.; Roman, NicoletteEmotions play an important part in our well-being and connections with others. It contributes to the connection between the caregiver and the baby in the first 1000 days. Experiences provided through the interactions between the caregiver and the baby impact the baby’s emotional and brain development. It creates mental pictures in babies’ brains, which may influence their sense of self-worth and their perceptions about the trustworthiness of other people. Parents’ quality of care may affect the baby’s social, emotional, and intellectual development. Since connectedness with the baby is an essential aspect of parenting, this study explores the human capability of emotion and its contribution to connectedness with the baby in the first 1000 days of life.Item An exploration of school strategies enabling teachers in mainstream schools to support learners with Asperger’s Syndrome(University of Western Cape, 2021) Goliath, Charlene; Roman, NicoletteHaving good educational policies that are in-line with international inclusive standards is a positive step in addressing previous educational inequalities in South Africa. The Department of Education’s White Paper 6 policy document of 2001 states that by 2021 most mainstream (primary) schools, would operate as Full-Service schools, that will be equipped and supported to meet the diverse needs of all learners. In addition, great emphasis is placed on the pivotal role the mainstream classroom teacher will play in the inclusion process.The purpose of this study was to explore school strategies that will enable teachers to support learners with Asperger’s Syndrome (AS) as prior to the completion of this thesis it was unclear which strategies were used in order to support these learners.Item An exploration of the management systems supporting learners affected by HIVAIDS in schools(University of the Western Cape, 2023) Mitchell, Frederick Rudolf; Roman, NicoletteLearners affected by Human Immunodeficiency Virus, Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (HIV/AIDS), are particularly vulnerable to poor nutrition, mental and physical health abuse, and poverty. This negatively impacts learning and teaching. For these students to study well, they need support from the educational system. However, how school management systems support orphaned and vulnerable learners affected by HIV/AIDS is unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to explore how the management systems support learners affected by HIV/AIDS in schools. A qualitative research methodology with an explorative approach was utilised to conduct the study.Item Exploring the help-seeking behaviour of mothers with premature babies in public sector hospitals(University of the Western Cape, 2022) Safi, Nazeefah; Roman, NicoletteHelp-seeking behaviour is important so that an individual does not reach a stage of helplessness and hopelessness. For mothers, who had premature babies, this becomes very important because the mother is potentially vulnerable or challenged with the care of her fragile baby. These challenges can cause emotional distress to the mother and can affect her ability to seek help. The information regarding the help-seeking behaviour of mothers with premature babies in public hospitals is not well documented. This study aimed to explore the help-seeking behaviour of mothers who had given birth to premature babies in public sector hospitals.Item Exploring the practical implementation of two of the evidence-based parenting programmes in a small rural community.(University of the Western Cape, 2023) Dippenaar, Wilmi; Roman, NicoletteMany parents in South Africa face difficult obstacles when it comes to parenting. Evidence-based parenting programmes are a key to success to help parents to work in a more positive way with their children. In Touwsranten, the evidence-based Parenting for Lifelong Health (PLH) programmes have been implemented. Although these programmes have been tested in randomised controlled trials, the implementation process of the programmes has not been explored. This research aimed to explore the implementation of the PLH parenting programmes using the four phases of the EPIS framework. EPIS refers to exploration, preparation, implementation and sustainment phases.Item Family functioning and satisfaction: A comparative study between hookah users and non-users(African journal of primary health care & family medicine, 2019) Roman, Nicolette; Rich, Edna; Davids, Charl; Benjamin, Fatiema; Taylor, MatthewBACKGROUND: Although there has been an exponential growth in hookah use on a global scale, research within the context of South Africa is very limited. While hookah use is known internationally to be a health and addiction risk, the focus is on university students and not on families. AIM: This study aims to compare the family functioning and family satisfaction among hookah users and non-users. SETTING: This study was conducted in low or middle-high class socio-economic status areas of Cape Town, South Africa. METHODS: A quantitative method was employed to test for significant differences with a sample of 1193 participants, in which each participant represented a family. An independent t-test was used to test for significant differences between hookah users and non-users. RESULTS: One-third (34%) of the participants indicated that they smoked hookah pipe, with the general age of onset being 16.5 years. In trying to understand the family context, it was found that 28% of hookah users indicated that the hookah pipe was used as a means of socialising with others in the family, and 24% of parents indicated that they were more accepting of family members smoking the hookah pipe. Findings also suggest that families of hookah users have less cohesion, expressiveness and family satisfaction, and more conflict and permissiveness than families of non-users. CONCLUSION: This study provides and extends knowledge regarding the family in hookah pipe use. This information could assist in reducing hookah pipe use, and building healthier and more resilient communities by formulating prevention and intervention strategies to reduce hookah use.Item Integrating perinatal and infant care(Springer, 2021) Eastwood, John; Anderson, Teresa; Roman, NicoletteThis chapter draws attention to the importance of creating a nurturing start to a child’s life and the role that families, neighbourhoods and society as a whole play in creating a “nest”. Often the care that is provided is focused solely on the physical health (medical) domain with neglect of the psychological, material and social needs. We have sought, therefore, to stress the importance of focusing on the whole family as partners in the care of mothers and their infants. We have also drawn attention to the benefits of an integrated multi-disciplinary and multi-agency approach to perinatal and infant health and wellbeing.Item Intervention to reduce adolescent hookah pipe use and satisfy basic psychological needs(Cogent OA, 2020) Kader, Zainab; Crutzen, Rik; Roman, NicoletteBackground: Hookah pipe use is a public health concern and threat to adolescents’ health. self-determination theory asserts that satisfaction of basic psychological needs (BPN) will contribute to adolescents developing optimally. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to design an intervention to reduce adolescent hookah pipe use and satisfy their BPN. Methods: A modified delphi approach was implemented using a two-phased approach. Phase 1 included reviews and empirical research that formed part of the needs analysis. Phase 2 was the development of the intervention in collaboration with stakeholders from academia, policy and practice (n = 25). The stakeholders formed the sample for this study. Phase 1 informed phase 2. Phase 2 was implemented through a 4-hour workshop with the stakeholders. The workshop was audio recorded, transcribed verbatim and thematically analysed. Principal Results: The results indicated that a holistic four-pronged approach focusing on (1) the hookah pipe user, (2) the family, (3) after school recreation activities and (4) the teacher and community was needed as a model to intervene in adolescent hookah pipe use and satisfy their BPN. The intervention was described using the RE-AIM framework which considers reach, efficacy, adoption, implementation and maintenance of the intervention.Item Mechanisms for facilitating trust and sense of belonging as aspects of social cohesion in local government: Exploratory case studies of the City of Cape Town and the City of Ekurhuleni(University of the Western Cape, 2022) Khaile, Fundiswa Thelma; Roman, NicoletteMore than twenty-five years after the end of the apartheid system of government and its statutory segregation, South African communities continue to reflect high levels of racial and social divisions. The prevalence of these issues has reinforced an environment characterised by high levels of inequality, weak social cohesion, exclusion and segregation emanating from an untransformed and unjust spatial legacy. To respond to these challenges, municipalities as the sphere of government closest to communities are expected, among other things, to facilitate trust and a sense of belonging in order to realise a cohesive society.Item A needs assessment for social work interventions for children affected by HIV and AIDS(Social Work/Maatskaplike Werk, 2023) Lukelelo, Nomvuyo; Roman, Nicolette; Schenck, CatherinaChildren are often left orphaned and without adult supervision when the parent or caregiver dies from HIV and AIDS-related illnesses. There is very little information available in South Africa on the type of interventions to reinforce the care and support provided to children affected by HIV and AIDS (CABHA). This study aimed to explore existing interventions provided to CABHA and the experiences of social workers in implementing interventions. Findings indicate that interventions are a continuous and collaborative process between social workers and stakeholders. A proper needs assessment should be done before implementing interventions to ensure that they benefit the children identified as needing intervention. Community-based interventions should not be underestimated as a significant source of support for CABHA