Browsing by Author "Roberts, Tina"

Now showing 1 - 6 of 6
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    Cellular and molecular biomarkers detected in the oral mucosa and saliva in water-pipe tobacco smoking compared to cigarette smoking: A systematic review
    (University of Western Cape, 2021) Dalia, Elamin; Roberts, Tina
    Water-pipe tobacco smoking (WTS) is a form of tobacco use with different names. There is a misconception that passing tobacco smoke through water reduces its harmful effects to increase its popularity. One million individuals smoke water-pipe daily, resulting in approximately five million deaths per annum globally. The toxic effects of WTS are related to the several components of the tobacco mixture. WTS contains 100 times more tar, four-fold more nicotine, eleven-fold more Carbon Monoxide (CO), and two to five-fold more polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons than cigarettes.
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    Cleidocranial dysplasia: a review of the dental, historical, and practical implications with an overview of the South African experience
    (Elsevier, 2013) Roberts, Tina; Stephen, Lawrence X.G.S.; Beighton, Peter
    Cleidocranial dysplasia (CCD) is an uncommon but well-known genetic skeletal condition. Several hundred affected persons are members of a large extended family in the Cape Town Mixed Ancestry community of South Africa. The clinical manifestations are often innocuous, but hyperdontia and other developmental abnormalities of the teeth are a major feature and may require special dental management. Over the past 40 years, the authors have encountered more than 100 affected persons in Cape Town. Emphasis has been on dental management, but medical, genetic, and social problems have also been addressed. In this article, we have reviewed the manifestations of the disorder in the light of our own experience, and performed a literature search with emphasis on the various approaches to dental management and treatment options in CCD. Advances in the understanding of the biomolecular pathogenesis of CCD are outlined and the international and local history of the disorder is documented.
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    Efficacy and safety of propolis for treating recurrent aphthous stomatitis (ras): A systematic review and meta-analysis
    (MDPI, 2024) Roberts, Tina; Kallon, Idriss Ibrahim; Schoonees, Anel
    The systematic review assessed the efficacy and safety of propolis for treating recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS). The review adopted the PICO framework to examine the effects of topical and systemic propolis on RAS while also comparing it to established treatments, placebos, or no treatment. The main focus was on the healing time, pain levels, adverse effects, the likelihood of ulcer recurrence, and accompanying symptoms such as redness. The team included randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and quasi-randomised trials, excluding case reports and studies on oral ulcers other than RAS. In May 2022, the review team comprehensively searched nine databases and trial registries following the PRISMA guidelines. The protocol was registered in the PROSPERO database under the registration number CRD42022327123. Two review authors conducted a comprehensive and autonomous search for pertinent papers and extracted essential data. Where data permitted, the team utilised Review Manager 5 to conduct a random-effects meta-analysis, assessing the risk of bias and heterogeneity of the included studies. Where possible, the GRADE Pro programme was used to assess the certainty of the evidence for all the outcomes. This review included 10 RCTs, comprising 825 participants aged between 18 and 69 years. Seven studies evaluated the efficacy and safety of propolis when applied topically, all of which used different formulations, concentrations, and carriers. The remaining three studies assessed systemic administration in tablet form. The duration of investigations ranged from 5 days to 3 years. The review team classified two studies as having an overall ‘high risk’ of bias, while the remaining studies were categorised as having an overall ‘uncertain risk’. The overall certainty of the evidence was ‘very low’. The results indicate that topical and systemic propolis may decrease the duration of healing, alleviate pain, and reduce redness in patients with RAS compared to a placebo. However, the certainty of the evidence is very low. These may be due to the high risk of bias, substantial heterogeneity, and limited sample sizes in the included studies. For these reasons, the results of this review should be interpreted with caution. Nevertheless, the limited number of adverse effects observed suggests that propolis may have a favourable safety profile when used for a short period in treating RAS.
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    Maternal and infant risk factors and risk indicators associated with early childhood caries in South Africa: A systematic review
    (BMC, 2022) Kimmie‑Dhansay, Faheema; Barrie, Robert; Roberts, Tina
    To evaluate the risk factors and risk indicators associated with early childhood caries in South Africa. A systematic review of aetiology was performed. From 1366 papers found, 23 studies met the eligibility criteria and were included. All study designs were included. Healthy children under six who live in South Africa were eligible for the study. The study was registered with PROSPERO, registration number CRD42020216455. Eligible studies were selected, and data extracted independently by two reviewers. Published data on socio-economic status, dietary factors, oral hygiene knowledge and practices, breastfeeding and bottle-feeding practices, oral bacterial flora and other risk indicators were collected. Two authors appraised the studies independently using the Joanna Briggs Critical Appraisal tools.
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    Osteogenesis imperfecta type III in South Africa: Psychosocial challenges
    (Health and Medical Publishing Group, 2016) Stephen, Lawrence X.G.S.; Roberts, Tina; van Hayden, E.; Chetty, M.
    Individuals with osteogenesis imperfecta type III (OI III) are severely physically disabled due to frequent fracturing. Their disability poses numerous barriers that challenge their social development. Despite these limitations, several affected persons are able to rise above these problems and achieve success in their personal and professional life. This outcome is directly relevant to their psychosocial development. The achievements of five individuals with OI III living in Cape Town are highlighted in this article, as well as the challenges that they have experienced and continue to experience in their daily lives. The authors intend to promulgate understanding of the psychosocial circumstances of affected persons, thereby facilitating the deployment of appropriate efforts and resources to address these challenges.
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    Prevalence of ECC in South Africa
    (University of the Western Cape, 2021) Kimmie-Dhansay, Faheema; Barrie, Robert Brian; Naidoo. Sudeshni; Roberts, Tina