Browsing by Author "Rich, Edna"

Now showing 1 - 10 of 10
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    An exploration of adolescent substance users and the parent-child relationship in Mitchell's Plain
    (University of the Western Cape, 2018) Vuza, Nwabisa; Rich, Edna; Jacobs, Liezelle
    Adolescence is a stage in a young person's life between childhood and adulthood and is characterized by rapid, intensive life changes and adaptations. During this stage, the parentchild interaction is vital, as it helps the adolescent to make informed decisions in life. The aim of this current study is to explore the parent-child relationship of adolescent substance users, aged between 14 and 17 years, and their parents, specifically mothers. The researcher chose to utilize a mixed methods approach, consisting of both qualitative and quantitative methods of data collection and analysis, to gather comprehensive evidence. A sequential exploratory mixed methods design was selected for the study. Data was collected by means of self-administered questionnaires and semi-structured interviews. Purposive sampling was used to select the 45 adolescent substance users and their 45 mothers, as parents, from the community of Mitchell's Plain. A further sample of 5 willing adolescents and their 5 mothers was selected randomly to participate in the semi-structured interviews, to further probe the nature of the parent-child relationship. The Attachment Theory was employed as a theoretical framework. The Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) programme, version 25, was used to analyse the quantitative data. Descriptive statistics, Pearson's correlation and independent tests were applied to the data. The findings of this study revealed that the majority of the respondents had different perceptions of the parent-child relationship. The thematic analysis was used for qualitative data and the data was analysed by making use of the qualitative analysis stages as guidelines to identify the main themes that emerged from the data. Confidentiality and anonymity was maintained throughout the study. There were significant differences and similarities on the perceptions of both the parents and adolescent substance users. They agreed on what the parent-child relationship is, as well as how a parent should interact with the child; however, there were differences on how they perceived their relationship with each other, regarding the different components of the parentchild relationship. Recommendations are provided for parents and children on positive parent-child relationship, future research, intervention programmes and policy development.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Association between knowledge of child development and parenting: a systematic review
    (Bentham Open, 2016) September, Shiron; Rich, Edna; Roman, Nicolette V.
    BACKGROUND: Parents who understand early child development are better informed on how to respond to children’s needs. They are also in a better position to identify developmental delays as opposed to a parent with less knowledge of child development. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the review was to systematically appraise quantitative studies to establish the association between knowledge of child development and parenting styles. METHODS: A comprehensive search, through databases namely: Ebscohost (Academic search complete, Africa-Wide information, PsychArticles, SocIndex, Cinahl), JStor, Sciencedirect, Springerlink, Pubmed and Sage was conducted in August 2014 for the previous 12 years. The methodological quality of the studies were independently evaluated and reviewed by two reviewers. RESULTS: The findings indicate that there is an association between knowledge of child development and parenting styles. While there is an association it may be more of a moderating factor. CONCLUSION: Future studies may benefit from using other forms of assessment in con-junction with self report assessments.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    A comparison of the relationship between peer pressure and social acceptability among hookah-pipe users and non-users
    (University of the Western Cape, 2018) Visman, Heidré; Roman, Nicolette V.; Rich, Edna
    Hookah-pipe smoking escalated from being a cultural phenomenon to being a social phenomenon. Studies suggest that the hookah-pipe is a high-risk phenomenon which has become a highly acceptable social practice influenced by social factors such as smoking initiations among peers. What is unknown is whether peer pressure and social acceptance have an influence on the use of the hookah-pipe. The aim of this study is therefore to compare the relationship between peer pressure and social acceptance among adolescent hookah-pipe users and non-users. The objectives of the study are to determine the prevalence of peer pressure, social acceptability and smoking tobacco using the hookah-pipe among adolescents; establish the relationship between peer pressure and social acceptability of adolescent hookah-pipe users and non-users and to compare the relationship between peer pressure and social acceptability among adolescent hookah-pipe users and non-users. A cross-sectional comparative correlation study was conducted with a sample of Grade 9 adolescents attending secondary schools in the Metro East Education District in Cape Town. Structured questionnaires constructed from the NationalASH 10 Year Snapshot Survey, the 10-year in-depth survey, the health and lifestyle survey and peer pressure, as well as an NICHD Study of Early Child Care and Youth Development questionnaire were completed by the participants. The Statistical Package for the Social Science (SPSS) software was used to analyse the data. The results show that no relationship was found between peer pressure and social acceptance, but a relationship was found between parental rules and monitoring around tobacco use for hookah-pipe users. A significant difference was also found in the attitudes towards hookah use between users and non-users. The ethics for this study included voluntary participation, informed consent and anonymity.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Conceptualisations of childhood in Namibia: new legislation versus public perception
    (University of the Western Cape, 2010) Coomer, Rachel; Roman, Nicolette V.; Rich, Edna
    BACKGROUND: Namibia is in the process of developing new children's legislation. The aim of this research paper is to explore how the public conceptualisation of childhood in Namibia compares to provisions in the Child Care and Protection Bill (April 2010 draft). METHOD: A qualitative methodological approach was used to explore participants’ conceptualisations of childhood in Namibia. Detailed interviews were conducted with four community members aged 23-75 years. Interviewee one was a 23- year old Oshiwambo male; interviewee two was a 38-year old Damara/Nama female; interviewee three was a 42- year old white female age and interviewee four was a 75-year old white male. Using the data collected, thematic analysis was used to formulate themes within the data. RESULTS: The main themes identified were the role of the state versus the role of parents in childhood, the participation of children in decision-making and the protection of children. The results show that whilst public opinion and the proposals in the bill overlap in some areas such as the need to protect children, in many areas public opinion and the proposals in the bill differ to a great extent. Differences are particularly noticeable for issues such as parental authority versus parental responsibility and child participation. CONCLUSION: At present the conceptualisation of childhood envisaged by the new legislation goes beyond public understanding of childhood. Government and stakeholders should do more to prepare the public for the bill to ensure that the Act is well-received in Namibia.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    The effect of religion on parenting in order to guide parents in the way they parent: a systematic review
    (Taylor & Francis, 2017) Petro, Mervyn Ronald; Rich, Edna; Erasmus, Charlene; Roman, Nicolette V.
    Religion has a growing influence on parenting, and there remains a need to understand the influence of religious values in order to inform parents, and other professional bodies, on how religious beliefs can influence child-rearing practices. A systematic review was conducted to explore relevant articles during the time period 2004–2014. The aim of the review was to explore the effect of religion on parenting, and to establish effective ways in which religious parents can be guided in parenting. The findings show that religion does influence parenting, and that with intervention aimed at increasing specific skills, parenting practices may improve.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Exploring resilience in South African adults exposed to childhood domestic violence (dv)
    (University of the Western Cape, 2022) Olivier, Gershwille Zynodean; Rich, Edna
    Despite an individual's demographic makeup, domestic violence (DV) is one of the most widespread problems in the globe. Children in South Africa (SA) are frequently exposed to domestic violence (DV), which leaves them with both physical and emotional wounds. To conduct the study, Humanities and Social Science Research Ethics and Child Welfare SA approval was required to do the study and to obtain research participants. The study included ethical principles like autonomy, confidentiality, voluntary participation, and do no harm in this study. This study utilized semi-structured interviews and a qualitative research methodology to explore the experiences of three males and five females, ages 25 to 38, who were exposed to childhood domestic violence. The researcher was able to obtain detailed narrative descriptions from the research participants by using an exploratory, descriptive method. Snowball sampling was utilized to recruit research participants.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Exploring whether family involvement and support can assist in substance abuse treatment of relatives
    (University of the Western Cape, 2023) Mkosana, Thandeka; Rich, Edna
    Whilst abuse of substances creates issues at the individual level, its influence has always extended to the entire family of the substance abuser. It has been found that stress and the inability of the person to distinguish between right and wrong should be regarded as the main reason for the person to take illicit drugs. Substances of abuse include taking drugs, such as cannabis, cocaine, amphetamines, sedatives, opiates, inhalants, hallucinogens, along with the consumption of alcohol often referred to as alcohol and other drugs (AOD). The effect of substance abuse, as identified from the research, proves that the substance abuser suffers health, social and psychological issues after becoming addicted to licit and illicit drugs.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Family functioning and satisfaction: A comparative study between hookah users and non-users
    (African journal of primary health care & family medicine, 2019) Roman, Nicolette; Rich, Edna; Davids, Charl; Benjamin, Fatiema; Taylor, Matthew
    BACKGROUND: Although there has been an exponential growth in hookah use on a global scale, research within the context of South Africa is very limited. While hookah use is known internationally to be a health and addiction risk, the focus is on university students and not on families. AIM: This study aims to compare the family functioning and family satisfaction among hookah users and non-users. SETTING: This study was conducted in low or middle-high class socio-economic status areas of Cape Town, South Africa. METHODS: A quantitative method was employed to test for significant differences with a sample of 1193 participants, in which each participant represented a family. An independent t-test was used to test for significant differences between hookah users and non-users. RESULTS: One-third (34%) of the participants indicated that they smoked hookah pipe, with the general age of onset being 16.5 years. In trying to understand the family context, it was found that 28% of hookah users indicated that the hookah pipe was used as a means of socialising with others in the family, and 24% of parents indicated that they were more accepting of family members smoking the hookah pipe. Findings also suggest that families of hookah users have less cohesion, expressiveness and family satisfaction, and more conflict and permissiveness than families of non-users. CONCLUSION: This study provides and extends knowledge regarding the family in hookah pipe use. This information could assist in reducing hookah pipe use, and building healthier and more resilient communities by formulating prevention and intervention strategies to reduce hookah use.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Perceived childhood exposure to domestic violence: The risk for adult revictimisation
    (UNISA, 2015) Ryan, Jill; Rich, Edna; Roman, Nicolette V.
    The prevalence of domestic violence is described as pervasive with a majority of victims being females and perpetrators being males. Often females who experienced domestic violence had been previously exposed to family violence during childhood. The aim of the study was therefore to investigate the perceived childhood exposure to domestic violence as a predisposing factor for revictimisation in adulthood. The study used a quantitative approach with a cross-sectional correlation design. The sample consisted of 77 female participants from shelters across Cape Town, Western Cape. The study employed an adapted version of the Child Exposure to Domestic Violence (CEDV) Scale. The questionnaire was divided into three sections, namely demographic details, types of exposure to domestic violence the adult may have experienced as a child, and current adult experiences of domestic violence. The data was analysed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences V21 (SPSS). Results suggest that there is a significant positive relationship between past perceived experiences of domestic violence and present perceived experiences of domestic violence. Limitations and recommendations are stipulated for proposed intervention strategies and further study expansion on this topic.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    A South African retrospective study of children’s exposure to domestic violence as a predisposing factor for revictimization in adulthood
    (University of Western Cape, 2013) Ryan Jill; Roman, Nicolette; Rich, Edna
    Domestic violence has reached epidemic proportions worldwide. Every year, 275 million children globally are exposed to domestic violence. Witnessing domestic violence during childhood has been linked to various risks such as potential health risks, unemployment, deviant behavior, susceptibility to other subsets of family violence, various psychopathologies, as well as potential perpetration and revictimization. Boys are twice as likely to become perpetrators of abuse in adulthood if they have witnessed domestic violence in comparison to boys from nonviolent homes. Girls exposed to domestic violence were shown to be more accepting of abusive married life than girls from non-violent homes. The aim of the study was to describe the perceptions of childhood exposure to domestic violence as a predisposing factor for revictimization in adulthood. The study used a quantitative approach with a cross-sectional correlational design. The sample consisted of 77 female participants from shelters across Cape Town, Western Cape. The study employed an adapted version of The Child Exposure to Domestic Violence (CEDV) Scale. The questionnaire was divided into three sections, namely demographic details, types of exposure to domestic violence the adult may have experienced as a child, and lastly current adult experiences of domestic violence. The data was analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences V21 (SPSS). Results suggest that there is a significant positive relationship between past perceived experiences of domestic violence and present perceived experiences of domestic violence. Limitations and recommendations are stipulated for proposed intervention strategies and further study expansion on this topic