Research Articles (School of Nursing)

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Affirmative action in South Africa: Are we creating new casualties?
(Wiley, 2013) Adejumo, Oluyinka; Archibong, Uduak
Affirmative action policies in South Africa and other countries have been designed to address inequity and discrimination, and to manage a wide range of diversity in all spheres of life, particularly after the end of apartheid in 1994. Years after implementing affirmative action in South Africa, perceptions of its impact or even benefit seem to vary from person to person. This article presents the fi ndings from a study utilizing different data sources including document review, interviews, and a consensus workshop on the perceptions of the impact of affi rmative action in South Africa. It is part of a larger European Commission–funded comparative study of positive action measures across countries in North America, the European Union, and South Africa. Participants were drawn from different public and private organizational sectors, racial groups, genders, age groups, and people with disabilities. The analyzed data provided insight into how society might be perceiving and reacting to the operation of affirmative action in South Africa.
Assessment of common perinatal mental disorders in a selected district hospital of the Eastern Province in Rwanda
(University of Rwanda, 2015) Umuziga, Marie P.; Adejumo, Oluyinka; Hynie, Michael
BACKGROUND: Common perinatal mental disorders (CPMDs) in women (depression & anxiety) are recognized as a significant public health concern. In African countries, CPMDs are most prevalent. However, there is limited evidence inliterature about CPMDs in Rwanda. PURPOSE: To determine CPMDs in a selected district hospital of the Eastern Province of /Rwanda. Methods Descriptive quantitative cross-sectional survey was conducted with a sample of 165 mothers in perinatal period selected systematically. Ethical approval was obtained from University of the Western Cape of South Africa and the former Kigali Health Institute of Rwanda. The Zungu Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) and Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) were used to collect data. SPSS version 21 was used for analysis. RESULTS: Most of the respondents (38.2%) were aged 25-29 years; married (44.8%); and unemployed (77%). Thirty-seven percent of the respondents had perinatal anxiety (PNA) while 50.3% had perinatal depression (PND). Statistically significant relationships were found between PNA (≥45scores) and factors such as relationship with husband/partner (c2 (2)=12.045, p=.002), husband/partner’s behaviour (c2 (8) = 16.401, p= .037), number of children (c2 (8)=16.017, p=.042), planned pregnancy (c2 (2)=8.244, p=.016), stressful events (c2 (14)=55.035, p=.000). Relationship with husband/partner was the only predictor of PNA (Odd ratio= 0.437). With regard to PND (≥10 scores), statistically significant relationships were found between factors such as marital status (c2 (3) = 17.559, p= .001), level of education (c2 (3) =16.857, p= .001), husband/partner relationship (c2 (1) = 38.207, p= .000), husbands’ behaviour (c2 (4) =43.242, p= .000), number of children (c2 (4) = 18.554, p= .001), planned pregnancy (c2 (1) = 17.773, p=.000), personal stressful events (c2 (7) = 30.232, p=.000). Age was the strongest determinants of PND (Odd ratio: 131.973). CONCLUSION: CPMDs are prevalent. Poor relationship with husband and young age were found to be the strongest determinants of CPMDs.
Barriers to community mental health users’ access to information needed to deal with mental health problems, Western Cape, South Africa
(African Association for Physical, Health Education, Recreation and Dance, 2015) Bimerew, Million; Adejumo, Oluyinka; Korpela, Mikko
The most important advancement in the healthcare industry in the 21st century is the application of information technology (IT) in health care. While integrated IT is critical in transforming mental health care, IT infrastructure in mental health lags behind other sectors. This study explored community mental health users’ barriers to accessing information in dealing with mental health problems. Semi-structured individual interviews were conducted with 11 mental health users and their family members, and two focus group discussions were held with eight mental health consumers and family members of each. Major barriers to accessing information were long waiting times for services; inadequate mental health education and information sessions; and lack of a support club to share information and experiences with people with similar mental problems. Empowering mental health users with adequate and appropriate mental health information helps to improve their care. Use of IT such as tele-health communication, email and text messages using computers was proven to improve access to information and quality of care provision.
Challenges in ICT experienced by nurse educators in tertiary institutions in Edo State, Nigeria
(AFAHPER-SD, 2014) Adejumo, Oluyinka; Esewe, R.E.
Global acclamation of the benefits derived from the use of information and communication technology (ICT) in all facets of life has made its application in nursing education invaluable to both students and educators. This study explored challenges faced by nurse educators in the use of ICTs in tertiary institutions in Edo State, Nigeria. A descriptive survey design using a self-administered questionnaire was employed. The population and sample comprised all 36 nurse educators in the three universities that offer Bachelor’s in Nursing Science degrees, but 34 participants completed and returned their questionnaires giving a response rate of 94.3%. Results of the study showed that although nurse educators are ICT literate, they are confronted with challenges such as erratic power supply and inadequate facilities which affect their use of technology for teaching and learning. The study recommends internet connectivity for the offices of nurse educators among other steps to enable the universities to reap the benefits to be gained from using ICTs in education.
Challenges of nurse tutor utilization of the teaching aids
(Scientific Research Publishers (SCIRP), 2015) Mbirimtengerenji, Noel D.; Adejumo, Oluyinka
INTRODUCTION: Nursing is the largest healthcare profession in Malawi with more than 11,000 registered nurses (RNs), nurse technicians and midwives (NTM) practicing in hospitals and other settings like nursing colleges nationwide. Student preparation is mostly done by nursing tutors in all the nursing colleges using numerous types of teaching aids. METHODS: Descriptive exploratory design which utilized both qualitative and sequential quantitative methods was applied to Iterated Purposive Probability Sampling (IPPS) of 10 nursing colleges in Malawi. This was done to 129 students and 82 nurse tutors in two structured questionnaires, 40 nurse tutors in-depth interviews and 10 students focus groups. There were 32 variables for the teaching aids under five ranked Likert scale and the Cronbach’s Alpha was found to be 0.932 without standardisation and it was 0.952 after standard-disation. RESULTS: Although nurse tutors show that they use manikins to teach (0.011 < p = 0.05), students seem not to agree on the utilization of the manikins during teaching both in class and at the clinical area (0.05; p = 0.05). There is also increased discrepancy between students and nurse tutors on internet utilization as the teaching aid as the Beta Coefficient value was (B = 0.202) for the nurse tutors and (B = 1.061) for the students basing on their experience. Use of patient as a teaching aid is very common in Malawi and both the nurse tutors and students agree that it is the realistic and best way in teaching and has a strong binary logistic regression with a model outcome of (OR = 1.431; 95%CI (0.890 ± 2.304); p = 0.139). CONCLUSION: There is a need to develop the teaching strategies that would be conducive with the current scarcity of the teaching aids. Use of patients if ethically followed remains the most effective and efficient teaching aid in developing countries.
Challenges of student and nurse tutor interactions in MALAWI nursing colleges
(Scientific Research publishing, 2015) Mbirimtengerenji, Noel D.; Adejumo, Oluyinka
INTRODUCTION: nurse tutors must encourage teaching and learning discovery through deliberate interactive teaching actions. However, Some outcome actions or interactive behavior of the nurse tutor are much to be desired in most nursing colleges in Malawi. METHODOLOGY: Descriptive exploratory design which utilized both qualitative and sequential quantitative methods was applied to Iterated Purposive Probability Sampling (IPPS) of 10 nursing colleges in Malawi. This was done to 129 students and 82 nurse tutors in two structured questionnaires, 40 in-depth interviews and 10 focus groups. There were over 30 variables for the challenges of student nurse tutor interactions under five ranked Likert scale. The Cronbach`s Alpha was found to be 0.909 without standardisation and it was 0.862 after standardisation. RESULTS: nurse tutor challenges of teaching interaction in Malawi colleges of nursing are stressfully existing.Rudeness and aggression among nurse tutors is becoming so common due the pressure of work despite the nurse tutor experience. It has been found that nurse tutors are not reflective in teaching process in Malawi nursing colleges Moreover, nurse tutors are not compassionate to students’ welfare in Malawi nursing colleges. CONCLUSION:Different challenges of teaching interaction among nurse tutors and students impinge effective teaching and learning process. There is need to design teaching strategies that foster increased interaction among nurse tutors and students in Malawi nursing colleges to promote quality nursing.
Conducting research with African elderly persons: Is their vulnerability a concern to researchers?
(AFAHPER-SD, 2013) Adejumo, Oluyinka; Lekalakala-Mokgele, Eucebious
The African elderly population is currently estimated to be slightly over 38 million. In order to provide best practice and quality management strategies, health care professionals need to conduct research that can assist in ameliorating age specific conditions and improve the quality of life of elderly persons. However, risks abound when studying elderly persons. They may suffer from deteriorating physical and or psychological conditions associated with the ageing process raising concerns of vulnerability with their participation in any research contentious. The increase in social research conducted as a result of HIV/AIDS raises further concerns about the ethics of conducting research on elderly African persons with regards to issues of autonomy and informed consent. This paper examines the ethics and the notion of vulnerability of African elderly persons within the context of research. A literature review on the vulnerability of elderly persons and considerations for research provided the analysed data for this paper. Access to the database were mainly via EBSCO (www.ebsco.com) containing electronic databases useful in an academic setting for finding and accessing articles in health and health related academic journals, repositories and archived reports. Findings show African elderly persons are a vulnerable population and specific strategies and the implications for ethics are provided for use when conducting research on the elderly population.
Cost-benefit analysis of the common teaching platform for the undergraduate nursing degree programme in the Western Cape, South Africa
(LAM Publications Limited, 2014) Adejumo, Oluyinka; Titi, Neziswa
Post-1994, the South African higher education sector underwent a number of reforms to address issues of inequalities, inefficiencies and fragmentation. Reform in the Western Cape Province included pooling the resources of three universities to form a common teaching platform (CTP). Henceforth training and education of undergraduate nursing students took place at a university in the Western Cape as the main enrolling higher education institution (HEI) for the undergraduate nursing degree. This study examines monetary and non-monetary costs and benefits derived from the CTP compared to the previous teaching platform (PTP), where the universities offered the degree programme in nursing independently of each other. PTP and CTP expenditure reports were the source of data for a monetary cost-benefit analysis (CBA). This was a Medias Res CBA study with some ex-ante and ex-post CBA elements. Non-monetary cost-benefit data were obtained through in-depth semi-structured interviews, focus group discussions and programme review reports. Researchers used qualitative and quantitative methods for analysis of the data. The study concluded that while monetary benefits accrued to sister institutions, this was at the expense of the sole enrolling HEI, and that it was more expensive to produce a nurse graduate with the CTP than with the PTP. Non-monetary findings indicate that the CTP was perceived to have led to a more inefficient system and task duplication, with unsatisfactory psychosocial effects on both students and staff. However, respondents mentioned that the CTP might have led to gradual improvement in nursing student diversity at the enrolling HEI. The analysed data mostly negated the assumption that collaboration through the CTP would improve undergraduate nursing training through sharing expertise between partner institutions, and reduce nursing education and training operating costs. Some recommendations are made to remedy the situation, including possible termination of the CTP in its current form, reviewing the partners’ reimbursement strategy, creating a new platform which is equally owned by all partners, or allowing interested partner institutions to offer their own nursing degrees.
Cracking the nut of service learning in nursing at a Higher Education Institution
(AOSIS Publishing, 2015) Julie, Hester; Adejumo, Oluyinka; Frantz, Jose M.
BACKGROUND: The readiness of academics to engage in the service-learning (SL) institutionalisation process is not accentuated in research on SL institutionalisation in South Africa. The argument has been advanced that SL scholarship and willingness of key stakeholders are crucial for SL institutionalisation at the academic programme level. AIM: The research focus of the study being reported here was on readiness of respondents to embed SL in the curricula of the nursing programme. METHOD: This study used a quantitative, exploratory and descriptive design. A self administered structured questionnaire was used to collect data from a stratified sample comprising 34 respondents. The data were analysed for descriptive statistics using SPSS 19. RESULTS: The demographic profile of the respondents indicated that 31 (66%) were between 31 and 50 years old; 36 (75.16%) had a minimum of 10 years’ nursing experience; 19 (39.6%) had a master’s degree, two (4.2%) had a doctorate; and 29 (60.4%) had been employed by the school for a maximum of five years. The results indicated that the nurse educators were in need of SL capacity-building because 9 (18.8%) had limited or no knowledge of SL and 24 (50%) confused SL with other forms of community engagement activities. However, only 15 (33%) of the clinical supervisors and 13 (27%) of the lecturers indicated a willingness to participate in such a programme. CONCLUSION: The school was not ready to embed SL in the academic programme because of a lack of SL scholarship and willingness to remediate the identified theory–practice gaps.
Critical success factors for institutionalising service-learning in a nursing programme at the University of the Western Cape, South Africa
(AOSIS OpenJournals, 2014) Julie, Hester; Adejumo, Oluyinka;
Scholars in the fields of community engagement contend that the service-learning (SL) policy implementation in higher education is more likely to be successful when there is a strong institutional commitment and the policy implementation is well conceptualised. Research indicates that most higher education institutions in South Africa failed to operationalise the national SL policy, which mandates the incorporation of social responsiveness in their academic programmes. This quantitative study investigated whether a university in the Western Cape had created an enabling environment for a school of nursing to institutionalise service learning in the nursing programme. A cross-sectional survey was conducted using total sampling (n=48) to collect data on the operationalisation of the critical success factors and the stage of SL institutionalisation for each of Furco’s five dimensions. Furco’s self-assessment tool for service-learning institutionalisation was modified. A descriptive analysis was done using SPSS version 19. The results indicated that all of the success factors were present in the institutional structures and policies. However, the institution is perceived to be performing best in the dimensions of student support, philosophy and mission, and institutional support for SL. It can thus be concluded that the institution has created an enabling environment for mainstreaming SL in the nursing programmes.
Determinants of nurses’ knowledge gap on pain management in Ghana
(Elsevier, 2014) Adejumo, Oluyinka; Aziato, Lydia
There are concerns about adequacy of nurses’ knowledge and skill in effective pain management since effective pain management promotes early recovery after surgery. This study explores factors that accounted for Ghanaian nurses’ inadequate knowledge of postoperative pain management using a focused ethnographic design for data collection at a tertiary teaching hospital in Ghana. Fourteen nurses designated as key informants with different backgrounds as nurse educators and leaders were purposively sampled to participate. Data were collected through in-depth individual interviews; all interviews were conducted in English, audio-taped and transcribed verbatim. The study revealed that nurses’ inadequate pain management knowledge might have resulted from curriculum gaps during training; inadequate clinical supervision, study days, and workshops for practising nurses; lack of funding for organising regular workshops; and, negative attitudes of nurses whereby new information learned at workshops was not readily applied in clinical practice. It was concluded that nursing curricula at all levels of training in Ghana should incorporate credit-bearing courses on pain management, and appropriate pain management education programmes should be instituted for practising nurses. Regular monitoring and evaluation of the impact of such education programs is required.
District facility managers’ perspectives of mental health information processing and utilisation at primary care level in the Western Cape
(AFAHPER-SD, 2014) Bimerew, Million; Korpela, Mikko; Adejumo, Oluyinka
District health facility managers play a significant role in provision of primary health care (PHC) services, particularly in integration of mental health services into the PHC level and developing a district health information system, which includes an integrated mental health information system (MHIS). The aim of the study was to explore the views and involvement of district health facility managers in the mental health information processing and utilization in improving mental health service delivery within the context of PHC. The study employed a qualitative research approach. Fourteen facility mangers were recruited using purposive sampling techniques, and interviews were conducted in 2012 and 2013. The interview data were analysed using thematic content analysis. The study identified that mental health information processing systems are fragmented and inadequate for decision making, and it was not known how to use mental health information. Lack of knowledge in information processing and utilization, as well as poor information infrastructure and networking was associated with poor understanding about mental health, not considering mental health as one of the priorities within the district health services, and lack of higher officials’ interest in the mental health development programme. Also notable were the attitudes towards mental illness, which were a major problem. These findings have major implications, such as behavioral /attitudinal risk factors of higher officials, policy makers, and the community for MHIS development and interventions in the reduction of mental health problems in South Africa.
Effects of uterine fundal massage on number of postpartum haemorrhage cases at a level 2 maternity hospital in the Western Cape, South Africa
(AFAHPER-SD, 2014) Juul, Sonje; Adejumo, Oluyinka
Globally, as well as in South Africa, postpartum haemorrhage (PPH) due to uterine atony is the number one direct cause of maternal mortality associated with the postpartum period. Active management of the third stage of labour has been thought to prevent PPH in women. This study assesses uterine fundal massage in the postpartum period as part of active management of the third stage of labour (AMTSL) and its outcome on the number of PPH cases at a level 2 maternity hospital. A quasi-experimental approach was used to determine the effect of continuous uterine fundal massage, every 15 minutes for the first 2 hours after birth, on the number of PPH cases at a level 2 maternity hospital in the Western Cape. It was found that the number of PPH cases reduced from 33/426 cases in the comparison group to 23/431 cases in the experimental group, although this was not statistically significant (Chi-square test, p=0.14). There was also a reduction in the mean postpartum blood loss (not statistically significant). Potential risk factors were considered in a logistic regression model but did not change the final conclusion that the effect of the intervention did not result in a statistically significant decrease in occurrence of PPH (p=0.1039).There was insufficient evidence to reject the null hypothesis of the study. It was concluded that more studies may be necessary to add to the outcome of AMTSL intervention in the maternity setting. A number of other recommendations were made for later implementation within the clinical setting for this study.
An ethnographic exploration of postoperative pain experiences among Ghanaian surgical patients
(SAGE Publications, 2014) Adejumo, Oluyinka; Aziato, Lydia
The experience of pain associated with surgery has been a challenge for health care professionals for many years, and culture is said to influence pain. Purpose: This study focused on patients’ experiences of postoperative pain (POP) and factors that affect POP. Design: The study employed qualitative ethnographic principles. Method: Data were collected through individual face-to-face interviews. Data were saturated after analyzing data from 13 patients from two hospitals in Ghana. Findings: Themes that emerged were the subjective nature of pain, which described pain dimensions and communication; psycho-sociocultural factors, such as personal inclinations and sociocultural background; and health system factors, such as personnel attitudes and health financing. Implications for Future Research and Practice: Health professionals need to understand the sociocultural effects of pain in order to give effective care. Conclusion: The study highlighted the need for patient education and the importance that health care professionals understand context-specific factors that influence POP management.
Experiences of community nurses in management of a district-based mental health information system in the Western Cape, South Africa
(Africa Association for Health, Physical Education, Recreation, Sport and Dance, 2014) Bimerew, Million; Adejumo, Oluyinka; Korpela, Mikko
The aim of this study was to explore the experiences of community nurses in the management of a mental health information system (MHIS). A purposive convenient sampling method was employed to select 23 community mental health nurses from 23 community health facilities for the study. Individual semi-structured interviews were used, and the data were analysed for themes. The main findings of the study were categorised into the themes of information gathering tools and contents, information processing, and challenges of mental health information processing. Subthemes which emerged were information gathering tools, head count information content, knowledge and skills, computer technology, information flow and sharing, resources, and feedback in information processing. Information processing in terms of data gathering, compiling, analysing, getting feedback, and sharing information were the major concerns. There were inadequate knowledge and skills in information systems, no standard information collection tools designed for mental health, and lack of infrastructure, such as a mental health information network system across the health facilities and up to the higher level. Mental health requires a responsible person that deals with the MHIS in terms of reporting, analysing and getting feedback from the results of analysis back to the people at ground level for implementation. The amount of mental health information being collected and processed was inadequate and of poor quality. This has resulted in having few data available for the decision making process and/or planning mental health services.
Factors contributing to incivility among students at a South African nursing school
(AOSIS Open Journals, 2015) Vink, Hildeguard J.; Adejumo, Oluyinka
BACKGROUND: This study determined the experiences of nurse educators of the factors contributing to the uncivil classroom behaviours of nursing students at a South African school of nursing. OBJECTIVE: To describe what nurse educators consider to be factors contributing to incivility among nursing students in a South African nursing school. METHOD: A qualitative descriptive design was used. Eleven nurse educators were purposively sampled for their experiences on the factors contributing to incivility. Individual face-to-face interviews were conducted until data saturation. RESULTS: The data analysed indicated that the educators had varying but often similar perspectives on which factors contribute to incivility among nursing students. The three themes that emerged from the data were academic, psycho-pathological and social factors. The themes were discussed on the basis of their reported impact on classroom behaviour and the implications for the teaching and learning environment. CONCLUSION: Conclusions were made that an educational screening system to identify committed students before admission into nursing education should be explored; that a support system should be explored for nurse educators to deal with incidents of uncivil behaviour, perhaps within policy frameworks in the nursing institution; that emotional support should be provided for students who may be experiencing difficulties adjusting to the rigours of post-secondary education; and that a forum should be set up for nurse educators to compare notes and share ideas on what works best in reducing the incidence of uncivil behaviours in the classroom setting.
The Ghanaian surgical nurse and postoperative pain management: a clinical ethnographic insight
(PubMed Commons, 2014) Aziato, Lydia; Adejumo, Oluyinka
This study aimed at illuminating the perceptions and responses of Ghanaian surgical nurses regarding their patients’ POP. It also identified the factors that influenced nurses’ pain responses. A focused ethnography was used, and data were collected through individual interviews. Sampling was performed purposively to include junior, senior, day, and night nurses who cared for surgical patients. Concurrent data analysis was performed and data were saturated with 12 individual interviews. The findings indicated that nurses perceived POP as an individual phenomenon, and nurses responded to patients’ pain by administering analgesics and by using nonpharmacologic measures. Factors that influenced the nurses’ response were individual factors, such as commitment, discretion, fear of addiction, and organizational factors, such as organizational laxity and challenges of teamwork. The study recommended that nurses should be educated, supported, and encouraged to ensure pain relief after surgery and that they should see pain relief as a priority postoperative care to avert the negative repercussions of poorly managed POP.
Health challenges of elderly people caring for children orphaned by AIDS in a community setting in South Africa
(AFAHPER-SD, 2014) Mutemwa, Mebelo; Adejumo, Oluyinka
The HIV epidemic has resulted in the death of many people in their reproductive years, leaving behind orphans who are sometimes cared for by their elderly relatives despite the feebleness of their aging bodies. The purpose of the study was to explore and describe the health challenges of elderly people caring for children orphaned by AIDS. This research was conducted as a qualitative phenomenological exploratory, descriptive, and contextual study, conducted in the Mafikeng Municipality of North-West province in South Africa. Data were collected from December 2011 to February 2012 through individual face-to-face interviews and field notes. Elderly people’s health challenges in caring for children orphaned by AIDS centred on physical, psycho-emotional, economic and, psychosocial constraints, linked to re-parenting at an old age or because of losing their own children and relatives to AIDS. They experienced physical exhaustion as a challenge of caring for the children orphaned by AIDS as the capacity of their bodies was now reduced and they also had to meet the physical, emotion and spiritual needs of the orphans as well as providing them with food, clothing and shelter. Lack of sleep, dizziness, elevated blood pressure, low glucose levels and asthmatic attacks were also aggravated by contemplating how to fend for these children or owing to the fact that the orphans were very stubborn and took the elderly for granted. This study afforded an understanding of the health challenges elderly people experience in caring for children orphaned by AIDS. The study also recommended some of the interventions that can assist elderly people in this role they play of caring. Based on the findings, it can be deduced that on top of health challenges they face, they are obliged to deal with the added burden of caring for orphaned children by AIDS.
Health information officers’ views of mental health information processing and utilisation within an integrated primary healthcare service in Cape Town, South Africa
(African Association for Health, Physical Education, Recreation, Sport and Dance, 2015) Bimerew, Million; Adejumo, Oluyinka; Korpela, Mikko
Health facility information officers have significant roles in gathering and processing health information and communicating it for utilisation. The purpose of this study was to explore the views of health information officers in processing and utilisation of mental health information within the context of primary health care. Fourteen health information officers were selected using purposive sampling techniques; they were interviewed, and data were grouped into themes. The study revealed a lack of structured information validation and feedback systems to improve the quality of information processing, and facility-level mental health information processing was fragmented and not used to improve service outcomes. Staff involved in health information recording and processing had limited skills to fulfill these tasks, and there were barriers to collecting and processing mental health information. These findings have major implications in improving mental health services within the integrated primary mental healthcare services, and in developing a sound and strong mental health information system.
Identification of HIV and AIDS-related competencies for nurse graduates in South Africa
(AFAHPER-SD, 2014) Marie-Modeste, Regis R.; Adejumo, Oluyinka
Three decades after the discovery of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), the global community has not been able to halt the epidemic of HIV infection. Various organisations have devised a number of policies and guidelines to guide efforts to deal with the epidemic. As nurses make up the bulk of healthcare workers in South Africa, as in many other countries, nurses are crucial in the management of HIV infection. The training of nurses must therefore be in line with such guidelines and policies, so that upon graduation they are able to serve the community. Using a qualitative approach and systematic research synthesis, this study identified core competencies related to HIV and AIDS for nurse graduates. Nominal group technique was used to collect data from nurse educators from various universities in South Africa. Individual interviews were also conducted with registered nurses in clinical practice, representatives from the South African Nursing Council, recent graduates, nurse educators and persons living with HIV infection. Three categories of competencies and seven core competencies were identified. The first category was the foundation that comprises knowledge competency, the second category comprises the supporting pillars of ethics, policies, interdisciplinary approach, personal and professional development, and performance was identified as the third category, comprising holistic safe practice and health education. This article provides an explanation of how each identified competency fits into the nurses’ practice in providing care and management for persons with HIV infection. The identified core competencies will further be integrated into the nursing undergraduate programme at one university in South Africa.

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