Dietary fat intake and red blood cell fatty acid composition of children and women from three different geographical areas in South Africa

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dc.contributor.authorFord, Rosalyn
dc.contributor.authorFaber, Mieke
dc.contributor.authorKunneke, Ernesta
dc.contributor.authorSmuts, Cornelius M.
dc.date.accessioned2018-07-11T07:36:12Z
dc.date.available2018-07-11T07:36:12Z
dc.date.issued2016
dc.description.abstractDietary fat intake, particularly the type of fat, is reflected in the red blood cell (RBC) fatty acid (FA) profile and is vital in growth, development and health maintenance. The FA profile (%wt/wt) of RBC membrane phospholipids (as determined by gas chromatography) and dietary intake (as determined by 24 h recall) was assessed in 2–6 y old South African children and their caregivers randomly selected from three communities, i.e. an urban Northern Cape community (urban-NC; n = 104), an urban coastal Western Cape community (urban-WC; n = 93) and a rural Limpopo Province community (rural-LP; n = 102). Mean RBC FA values across groups were compared using ANOVA and Bonferroni post-hoc test while controlling for age and gender (children); median dietary intake values were compared using a Kruskal–Wallis test. Dietary intakes for total fat, saturated FAs and polyunsaturated FAs were higher in the two urban areas compared to the rural area. Total fat intake in rural-LP, and omega-3 FA dietary intake in all three areas were lower than the South African adopted guidelines. Dietary SFA intake in both urban areas was higher than recommended by South African guidelines; this was reflected in the RBC membrane FA profile. Rural-LP children had the lowest intake of omega-3 and omega-6 FAs yet presented with the highest RBC docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) profile and highest arachidonic acid percentage. Although differences observed in dietary fat intake between the two urban and the rural area were reflected in the RBC membrane total phospholipid FA profile, the lowest total fat and α-linolenic acid (ALA) intake by rural children that presented with the highest RBC DHA profile warrants further investigation.en_US
dc.description.accreditationISI
dc.identifier.citationFord, R. et al. (2016). Dietary fat intake and red blood cell fatty acid composition of children and women from three different geographical areas in South Africa. Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty Acids, 109: 13 – 21.en_US
dc.identifier.issn0952-3278
dc.identifier.urihttp://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.plefa.2016.04.003
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10566/3872
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.privacy.showsubmitterFALSE
dc.publisherElsevieren_US
dc.rightsThis is the author-version of the article that was published online at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.plefa.2016.04.003
dc.status.ispeerreviewedTRUE
dc.subjectDietary intakeen_US
dc.subjectFatty acidsen_US
dc.subjectRed blood cellen_US
dc.subjectChildrenen_US
dc.subjectWomenen_US
dc.subjectSouth Africaen_US
dc.titleDietary fat intake and red blood cell fatty acid composition of children and women from three different geographical areas in South Africaen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US

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