Cemento-osseous dysplasia: a retrospective clinical and radiological study at the University of the Western Cape Oral Health Centre

Abstract

Cemento-osseous dysplasia (COD) is a non-neoplastic lesion that exhibits replacement of mature bone with cementum or immature bone and fibrous connective tissue. It is the most common fibro-osseous lesion presenting in the jaws with predilection for females of African ancestry. There is a lack of large, detailed studies on the clinico-pathological presentation and management of COD in African populations. Hence, the aim of this study was to analyse the clinical, radiological and pathological characteristics of COD presenting at University of the Western Cape Oral Health Centre as well as to report on their management and complications. A retrospective descriptive cohort analysis of 124 COD lesions diagnosed from 2005-2023 was conducted. All cases were histologically confirmed prior to inclusion. The information extracted included age, gender and presenting features. The exact site and type were recorded along with the shape, radio-density and margins of each lesion. The treatment method employed, if any, were correlated with the symptoms, site, type of COD and radiographic appearance. Presence of any post-operative complications were noted. Graphpad software was used to perform statistical analysis. Statistical significance was set at P<0.05.