Exploring V2O5 nanostructures for enhanced supercapacitor performance with Na2SO4 hydrogel electrolyte
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Date
2025
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Elsevier Ltd
Abstract
The present study investigates vanadium pentoxide (V2O5) nanostructures combined with Na2SO4-based gel electrolytes to improve the efficiency and energy storage capability of next-generation supercapacitors. V2O5 with nanorod (NR-I) and nanoflower (NF-II) morphologies were synthesised via hydrothermal methods and characterized using XRD, XPS, SEM, UV–vis, FTIR, AFM, RAMAN and BET techniques. To address leakage and mechanical challenges, self-supporting hydrogel films were fabricated from PVA polymer in a neutral Na2SO4 electrolyte at room temperature without chemical crosslinking agents. The electrochemical study revealed superior specific capacitance for NR-I compared to NF-II in single-electrode configurations with aqueous Na2SO4 electrolyte. Therefore, symmetric supercapacitor devices (NR-I // NR-I) were assembled using PVA-Na2SO4 hydrogel and aqueous Na2SO4 electrolytes. The hydrogel-based device demonstrated superior performance, achieving a specific energy of 29 Wh kg−1 and a specific power of 0.79 kW kg−1 at 1 A g−1 within a 1.6 V operating window. Additionally, it retained over 95.2 % of its original capacitance at 8 A g−1 after 2000 cycles and exhibited excellent cyclability, maintaining stable performance up to 5000 cycles. The present research offers a novel approach to enhancing supercapacitor performance by integrating V2O5 nanostructures with PVA-Na2SO4 hydrogel electrolytes, utilizing self-supporting films to address leakage and improve device efficiency. [Display omitted] •1-D and 3-D morphologies using Hydrothermal approach.•A self-supporting hydrogel-based symmetric device was fabricated.•Symmetric device (V2O5//V2O5) delivers a high energy density of 29 Wh kg−1.•The device retains 95.2 % capacitive retention after 2000 cycles.
Description
Keywords
Vanadium pentoxide, Hydrogel electrolyte, Hydrothermal, Supercapacitor, Electrochemical stability
Citation
Bulla, M. et al. (2025) Exploring V2O5 nanostructures for enhanced supercapacitor performance with Na2SO4 hydrogel electrolyte. Journal of energy storage. [Online] 131.