Bioactive Materials for Temporary Restorations: From Design to Applications
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Date
2015
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Ann Materials Sci Eng
Abstract
Objective: To examine the effect of Protemp4:chitosan:nanodiamond
bioactive containing modified materials and compare the protective activity of
the propolis (Brazilian) and copaiba oil as bio-active additives to compare with
N-acetyl cysteine in vitro.
Materials and Methods: The bioactive modified temporary materials were
prepared by dispersion of the corresponding component with the addition of
commercially available temporary restorative material (Protemp 4). The surface
morphology (SEM) of the freshly prepared temporization restorative materials.
The physicochemical properties such flexural and compressive strength for the
bio-active modified materials have been measured and are reported. The effect
of the bioactive addition to the commercially available temporary materials and
nanodiamond modified variants of bioactive modified temporization materials
such as Protemp 4 swelling capacity, free radical quenching ability of the
material as well as release of bio-active of copaiba oil and Propolis (Brazilian)
were evaluated.
Results: The SEM images were obtained to characterize the microstructure
of the freeze-dried gels. The surface of the modified and of the Protemp 4
materials is structurally consistent and the collapse of the surface pores may
be due to artifacts (freeze-drying process). Antioxidant capacity of the Propolis
(Brazilian) and Copaiba Oil have been compared in the investigation and are
showed superior properties in their ability to quench the excessive free radical
formation in the well calibrated BSA solubility system. The additional benefits of
using Propolis (Brazilian) and Copaiba Oil lies in the well documented effects of
bioactives on altering the surface of the temporary restoration by a deposition
of bio-active resin of propolis or copaiba oil and therefore possibly as a barrier
to Candida species and also prevents formation of the biofilm. Mean fracture
strengths of the four provisional materials ranged from 75 to 160 MPa. The
value for Protemp 4 material was measure to be 110±12 MPa, which is well
within manufacture specification. Mean compressive strengths ranged from 180
to 300 MPa. The value for Protemp 4 material was measure to be 230±15 MPa,
which is well within manufacture specification. Bioactive cumulative release
profile of bioactives from copaiba and Propolis (Brazilian) containing Protemp 4
modified materials samples were investigated and quantified in PBS and pH 4.
The correlation between the force and work of adhesion in all modified materials
and is noticeable in all the modified Protemp 4 variants.
Conclusion: The materials were tested using effective in-vitro development
of “dual function temporary restorative materials. We quantified the effects
of functional designer biomaterials on the dentin bioadhesion, measure
compressive and flexural strength of the bio-active nano diamond containing
materials in comparison to the commercially available Protemp 4 temporary
material. Within the limitations of the study design chitosan: nanodiamond based
additives are suitable materials for functional temporary restorative applications
in vitro. Cytotoxicity data is currently being evaluated in our laboratory.
Description
Keywords
Protemp 4, Propolis,, Copaiba oil, Nanodiamonds,, Chitosan
Citation
Perchyonok VT, Augusto de Souza J, Zhang S, Moodley D and Grobler S. Bioactive Materials for Temporary Restorations: From Design to Applications. Ann Materials Sci Eng. 2015; 2(2): 1024.