Evaluation of the divergent effects of pyrethroid and D-allethrin-based coils fumes in male Wistar rats

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dc.contributor.authorBadmus, Jelili Abiodun
dc.contributor.authorHiss, Donavon Charles
dc.contributor.authorFatoki, John Olabode
dc.date.accessioned2026-01-12T10:35:15Z
dc.date.available2026-01-12T10:35:15Z
dc.date.issued2025
dc.description.abstractMosquito coil fume is a cheap and commonly used method of reducing malaria incidence in third-world countries. The effects of fumes from pyrethroid and D-allethrin-based mosquito coils available in the Nigerian market were assessed in male Wistar rats. The rats were exposed to the insecticide fumes for 7, 14, and 21 days, while another group served as a control. The experiment consisted of seven randomly divided groups of six weight-matched animals per group. Plasma alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), cholesterol, phospholipids, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and high-density lipoprotein phospholipid (HDL-P) were evaluated. Lung-, liver-and kidney-reduced glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxide (GPx), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde/lipid peroxidation (MDA) and lipid hydroperoxide (LOOH) were also evaluated. Histoimmunochemistry was used to assess lung p53 and Bcl-2 expressions. Pyrethroid and D-allethrin-based fumes induced a significant (p < 0.05) increase in plasma AST, LDH, cholesterol, phospholipids, and HDL-P, with a reduction of HDL-C levels. The fumes significantly and differently dysregulated antioxidant enzymes. The inhalations of the fumes induced significant (p < 0.05) increases in kidney MDA and LOOH levels, liver MDA by pyrethroid fume, and lung MDA by D-allethrin only, but lung LOOH by inhalations of both fumes. The increased expression of lung p53 and repression of Bcl-2 by both fumes were duration-dependent. The fume-induced disproportionate tissue function biomarkers, redox status, and apoptosis-related proteins. These effects are a possible panoply of divergent modes by which exposure to coil fumes can be deleterious to human health.
dc.identifier.citationBadmus, J.A., Fatoki, J.O., Adedeji, A.L., Mustapha, I.K., Ovili, B.C., Oyedijo, O.O., Olabode, T.F., Joseph, K.D., Yawson, E.O. and Hiss, D.C., 2025. Evaluation of the divergent effects of pyrethroid-and D-allethrin-based coil fumes in male Wistar rats. Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology, 40(3), pp.45-58.
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.5620/eaht.2025020
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10566/21656
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherKorean Society of Environmental Health and Toxicology
dc.subjectApoptosis
dc.subjectD-Allethrin
dc.subjectInsecticide
dc.subjectMalondialdehyde
dc.subjectPyrethroid
dc.titleEvaluation of the divergent effects of pyrethroid and D-allethrin-based coils fumes in male Wistar rats
dc.typeArticle

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