Underpotential deposition of SnBi thin films for sodium ion batteries: The effect of deposition potential and Sn concentration
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Date
2019
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Elsevier
Abstract
Bimetallic SnBi film was deposited on a Cu foil substrate via the electrochemical atomic layer deposition
(E-ALD) technique. The deposition attainment of Sn and Bi were investigated using cyclic voltammetry
(CV) and linear sweep voltammetry (LSV). The deposition potential of Bi was varied in the underpotential
deposition (UPD) region and the concentration of Sn was varied in the SnBi bimetallic material. The
materials were characterised using field emission scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy
dispersive spectroscopy (FE-SEM/EDS) for morphology and elemental distribution, focused ion beam
scanning electron microscopy (FIBSEM) for thickness, X-ray diffraction (XRD) for crystallinity and
inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy (ICP-MS) for composition measurements. Bi deposited at
different UPD regions was structurally different. The deposits were crystalline SnBi materials containing
Sn, Bi and other phases of Cu and Sn. Bi was concentrated on the surface, while Sn was distributed evenly
across the film. The SnBi electrodes were tested as anode materials in Na-ion batteries using galvanostatic cycling (GC), CV and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Initial discharge capacities of
1900 mAh g 1 for SnBi (1:1) and 341 mAh g 1 for SnBi (3:1) electrodes at 38.5 mA g 1 were obtained,
while the electrodes suffered capacity loss after 10 cycles.
Description
Keywords
Chemistry, Energy, Technology, Alloys
Citation
Xaba, N. et al. (2019). Underpotential deposition of SnBi thin films for sodium ion batteries: The effect of deposition potential and Sn concentration. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 808, 151658. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2019.151658