Spectroscopic and voltammetric analysis of platinum group metals in road dust and roadside soil

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dc.contributor.authorvan der Horst, Charlton
dc.contributor.authorSilwana, Bongiwe
dc.contributor.authorIwuoha, Emmanuel
dc.contributor.authorSomerset, Vernon
dc.date.accessioned2018-11-07T09:28:20Z
dc.date.available2018-11-07T09:28:20Z
dc.date.issued2018
dc.description.abstractThe emission of toxic compounds by increasing anthropogenic activities affects human health and the environment. Heavy road traffic and mining activities are the major anthropogenic activities contributing to the presence of metals in the environment. The release of palladium (Pd), platinum (Pt), and rhodium (Rh) into the environment increases the levels of contamination in soils, road sediments, airborne particles, and plants. These Pd, Pt, and Rh in road dusts can be soluble and enter aquatic environment posing a risk to environment and human health. The aim of this study is to determine the levels of Pd, Pt, and Rh with spectroscopy and voltammetric methods. Potential interferences by other metal ions (Na(I), Fe(III), Ni(II), Co(II)) in voltammetric methods have also been investigated in this study. At all the sampling sites very low concentrations of Pd, Pt, and Rh were found at levels that range from 0.48 ± 0.05 to 5.44 ± 0.11 ng/g (dry weight (d.wt)) for Pd(II), with 17.28 ± 3.12 to 81.44 ± 3.07 pg/g (d.wt) for Pt(II), and 14.34 ± 3.08 to 53.35 ± 4.07 pg/g (d.wt) for Rh(III). The instrumental limit of detection for Pd, Pt, and Rh for Inductively Coupled Plasma Quadrupole-based Mass Spectrometry (ICP-QMS) analysis was found to be 3 × 10−6 µg/g, 3 × 10−6 µg/g and 1 × 10−6 µg/g, respectively. In the case of voltammetric analysis the instrumental limit of detection for Pd(II), Pt(II), and Rh(III) for differential pulse adsorptive stripping voltammetry was found to be 7 × 10−8 µg/g, 6 × 10−8 µg/g, and 2 × 10−7 µg/g, respectively. For the sensor application, good precision was obtained due to consistently reproduced the measurements with a reproducibility of 6.31% for Pt(II), 7.58% for Pd(II), and 5.37% for Rh(III) (n = 10). The reproducibility for ICP-QMS analysis were 1.58% for Pd(II), 1.12% for Pt(II), and 1.37% for Rh(III) (n = 5). In the case of repeatability for differential pulse adsorptive stripping voltammetry (DPAdSV) and ICP-QMS, good standard deviations of 0.01 for Pd(II); 0.02 for Pt(II), 0.009 for Rh(III) and 0.011 for Pd, 0.019 for Pt and 0.013 for Rh, respectively.en_US
dc.identifier.citationvan der Horst, C. et al. (2018). Spectroscopic and voltammetric analysis of platinum group metals in road dust and roadside soil. Environments, 5: 120en_US
dc.identifier.issn2076-3298
dc.identifier.urihttp://dx.doi.org/10.3390/environments5110120
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10566/4190
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.privacy.showsubmitterFALSE
dc.publisherMDPIen_US
dc.rights© 2018 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
dc.status.ispeerreviewedTRUE
dc.subjectInductive coupled plasma spectroscopyen_US
dc.subjectDifferential pulse adsorptive stripping voltammetryen_US
dc.subjectDusten_US
dc.subjectSoilen_US
dc.subjectPlatinum group metalsen_US
dc.subjectExtraction methodsen_US
dc.titleSpectroscopic and voltammetric analysis of platinum group metals in road dust and roadside soilen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US

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