Characterization and cytotoxicity of nanoceria phytosynthesized using Eucalyptus camaldulensis bark extract

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dc.contributor.authorAucamp, Marique
dc.contributor.authorAbedi Tameh, Fatemeh
dc.contributor.authorAhmed Mohamed, Hamza Elsayed
dc.date.accessioned2026-01-13T13:32:51Z
dc.date.available2026-01-13T13:32:51Z
dc.date.issued2025
dc.description.abstractCancer, a complex group of diseases characterized by uncontrolled cell growth, poses a significant global health risk. In the context of the high occurrence of breast cancer (BC) in women, conventional chemotherapeutic agents, although effective, frequently bring about challenges such as resistance and recurrence. Nanotechnology is emerging as a promising approach, with attention focused on cerium oxide nanoparticles (CNPs). CNPs possess distinctive characteristics such as antioxidant activity, the ability to transition between Ce3+ and Ce4+ oxidation states, and biocompatibility with living systems. This study introduces a novel phytosynthesis method using Eucalyptus camaldulensis bark extract to synthesize CNPs, emphasizing environmentally friendly methods. Characterization techniques including Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Diffuse Reflectance (DR) were used to elemental, structural, and morphological properties of synthesized CNPs. Results have shown the successful synthesis of CNPs having cubic fluorite structure with a space group of Fm3m (225) and a crystallite size of 11.2 nm based on XRD characterization. FTIR and EDX have confirmed the elemental analysis of CNPs and the presence of extracted biomolecules during the synthesis process. SEM and TEM images revealed the morphology of the phytosynthesized CNPs as sphere-like, with a size of 2 to 10 nm. Finally, cytotoxicity by MTT assay and uptake of these CNPs on MCF-7 cells demonstrates successful uptake and their potential to inhibit these cancerous cells. The protective effect of CNPs on normal cells was further investigated using a ROS assay on the MCF10A cell line. Furthermore, the catalase-mimic (CAT-mimic) activity of phytosynthesized CNPs was assessed by a commercial CAT-mimic kit assay.
dc.identifier.citationTameh, F.A., Mohamed, H.E.A., Aghababaee, L., Akbari, M., Javadi, M.H., Aucamp, M., Cloete, K.J., Soleimannejad, J. and Maaza, M., 2025. Characterization and cytotoxicity of nanoceria phytosynthesized using Eucalyptus camaldulensis bark extract. Inorganic Chemistry Communications, p.114576.
dc.identifier.uri10.1016/j.inoche.2025.114576
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10566/21691
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherElsevier B.V.
dc.subjectNanoceria
dc.subjectBreast cancer
dc.subjectMCF-7 cell line
dc.subjectGreen synthesis
dc.subjectPhytosynthesis
dc.titleCharacterization and cytotoxicity of nanoceria phytosynthesized using Eucalyptus camaldulensis bark extract
dc.typeArticle

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