Department of Anesthesiology and Sedation

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Browsing by Subject "Conscious sedation"

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    A comparison of the efficacy and safety of intranasal sufentanil/midazolam and ketamine/midazolam for sedation and analgesia in a paediatric population undergoing multiple dental extractions
    (2005) De La Harpe, Charl Jacques; Roelofse, James
    This study was designed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of intranasal sufentanil/midazolam [S/M] and ketamine/madazolam [K/M] for sedation and analgesia in preschool children that require dental surgery [extractions]. Fifty children [ASA 1] aged 5 – 7 years, requiring six or more dental extractions under general anaesthesia, were allocated to two groups of 25 children to receive either ketamine 5 mg/kg or sufentanil 20μg intranasally, 20 minutes before induction of surgery in this randomised double-blind study. All the children in both groups in addition concurrently received nasal midazolam 0,3 mg/kg. For induction of anaesthesia, sevoflurane in nitrous oxide and oxygen, was used. S/M was accepted significantly better as a nasal pre-medication [p<0.05]. Both groups were equally sedated and a smooth mask induction of anaesthesia was experienced in the majority of children. Recovery of children in both groups were similar; 82% of the S/M group were fully recovered 120 minutes post-operatively versus 80% in the K/M group [p>0,05]. Effective postoperative analgesia for multiple extractions was provided. For pain evaluation, children were divided into two groups, a non-responder group where all pain values over time were more than 40 and a responder group where pain values were equal to, or less than 40. Seventy two percent of children in the S/M group were responders as to fifty two percent in the K/M group [p>0,05]. No adverse respiratory, cardiovascular or other effects were recorded. This study showed that intranasal administration of sufentanil /midazolam or ketamine/midazolam, provides safe and effective sedation and analgesia in children aged 5–7 years undergoing multiple dental extractions.
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    The efficacy and safety of intravenous sedation in children under the age of 10 years
    (University of the Western Cape, 2013) Swart, Ellison Margaret; Roelofse, James
    This study was done to show that sedation is a safe and a viable option in young children. Dental procedures were done on children aged two to ten years. Two hundred children were included in the study. In all of these children the procedures were completed. Only two children were excluded, because an intravenous line could not be placed on the one child, and the other child was unmanageable under sedation. The safety of sedation was evaluated looking at the incidence of adverse events and complications. No serious adverse effects or complications occurred. The complications that occurred were all corrected with minimal or non-invasive interventions. Only six of the two hundred children required oxygen to correct a drop in oxygen saturation.
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    Fast track assessment of the conscious sedation patient at the pre treatment consultation in a dental day clinic
    (University of Westen Cape, 2005) Nagtegaal, Hendrik; Roelofse, James
    This thesis covered the fast track assessment of the referred dental patient for conscious sedation in a day clinic. The assessment took in consideration patient information, medical history, anatomical observations, treatment required, phobic aspects and patient expectations.