Browsing by Author "Roomaney, Rifqah Abeeda"

Now showing 1 - 6 of 6
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Aging with HIV: Increased risk of HIV comorbidities in older adults
    (MDPI, 2022) Roomaney, Rifqah Abeeda; van Wyk, Brian; Pillay-van Wyk, Victoria
    With improved access to antiretroviral treatment (ART), adults with HIV live longer to reach older age. The number of older adults living with HIV is increasing steadily, giving rise to a new population of interest in HIV research and for invigorated considerations in health service delivery and policy. We analysed the profile of comorbidities in older people (50 years and older) living with HIV in South Africa. We conducted a secondary analysis of all individuals over 15 years who tested HIV positive in the Fifth South African National HIV Prevalence, Incidence, Behaviour and Communication Survey, 2017. We conducted multivariate logistic regression to determine the factors associated with having HIV comorbidity using Stata 15.0 software. We entered 3755 people living with HIV into the analysis, of whom 18.3% (n = 688) were 50 years or older.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Burden of multimorbidity in South Africa: Implications for health policy and service delivery
    (University of the Western Cape, 2022) Roomaney, Rifqah Abeeda; van Wyk, Brian
    South Africa is challenged to manage the quadruple burden of disease experienced by its population. Furthermore, the burden of multimorbidity – that is, people living with more than one disease condition – is increasing. Multimorbidity challenges the way the health system is organised as it traverses different health programmes. However, little research has investigated the phenomenon in South Africa. The study describes the epidemiology – prevalence, patterns and risk factors - of multimorbidity in South Africa, and makes recommendations for health policy and service delivery.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Multimorbidity patterns in a national HIV survey of South African youth and adults
    (Frontiers Media, 2022) Roomaney, Rifqah Abeeda; van Wyk, Brian; Cois, Annibale
    Information pertaining to multimorbidity is frequently informed by studies from high income countries and it is unclear how these findings relate to low and middle income countries, where the burden of infectious disease is high. South Africa has a quadruple burden of disease which includes a high HIV prevalence and a growing burden of non-communicable diseases. This study aimed to analyse the prevalence and patterns (disease classes or clusters) of multimorbidity in South Africa.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Multimorbidity patterns in South Africa: A latent class analysis
    (Frontiers Media S.A., 2023) Roomaney, Rifqah Abeeda; van Wyk, Brian; Cois, Annibale; Pillay van-Wyk, Victoria
    Introduction: South Africa has the largest burden of HIV worldwide and has a growing burden of non-communicable diseases; the combination of which may lead to diseases clustering in ways that are not seen in other regions. This study sought to identify common disease classes and sociodemographic and lifestyle factors associated with each disease class. Methods: Data were analyzed from the South African Demographic and Health Survey 2016. A latent class analysis (LCA) was conducted using nine disease conditions. Sociodemographic and behavioral factors associated with each disease cluster were explored. All analysis was conducted in Stata 15 and the LCA Stata plugin was used to conduct the latent class and regression analysis. Results: Multimorbid participants were included (n = 2 368). Four disease classes were identified: (1) HIV, Hypertension and Anemia (comprising 39.4% of the multimorbid population), (2) Anemia and Hypertension (23.7%), (3) Cardiovascular-related (19.9%) and (4) Diabetes and Hypertension (17.0%). Age, sex, and lifestyle risk factors were associated with class membership. In terms of age, with older adults were less likely to belong to the first class (HIV, Hypertension and Anemia). Males were more likely to belong to Class 2 (Anemia and Hypertension) and Class 4 (Diabetes and Hypertension). In terms of alcohol consumption, those that consumed alcohol were less likely to belong to Class 4 (Diabetes and Hypertension). Current smokers were more likely to belong to Class 3 (Cardiovascular-related). People with a higher body mass index tended to belong to Class 3 (Cardiovascular-related) or the Class 4 (Diabetes and Hypertension). Conclusion: This study affirmed that integrated care is urgently needed, evidenced by the largest disease class being an overlap of chronic infectious diseases and non-communicable diseases. This study also highlighted the need for hypertension to be addressed. Tackling the risk factors associated with hypertension could avert an epidemic of multimorbidity.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Multimorbidity patterns in South Africa: A latent class analysis
    (Frontiers in Public Health, 2023) Roomaney, Rifqah Abeeda; van Wyk, Brian; Cois, Annibale
    Introduction: South Africa has the largest burden of HIV worldwide and has a growing burden of non-communicable diseases; the combination of which may lead to diseases clustering in ways that are not seen in other regions. This study sought to identify common disease classes and sociodemographic and lifestyle factors associated with each disease class. Methods: Data were analyzed fromthe South AfricanDemographic andHealth Survey 2016. A latent class analysis (LCA) was conducted using nine disease conditions. Sociodemographic and behavioral factors associated with each disease cluster were explored. All analysis was conducted in Stata 15 and the LCA Stata plugin was used to conduct the latent class and regression analysis. Results: Multimorbid participants were included (n = 2 368). Four disease classes were identified: (1) HIV, Hypertension and Anemia (comprising 39.4% of the multimorbid population), (2) Anemia and Hypertension (23.7%), (3) Cardiovascular-related (19.9%) and (4) Diabetes and Hypertension (17.0%). Age, sex, and lifestyle risk factors were associated with class membership. In terms of age, with older adults were less likely to belong to the first class (HIV, Hypertension and Anemia). Males were more likely to belong to Class 2 (Anemia and Hypertension) and Class 4 (Diabetes and Hypertension). In terms of alcohol consumption, those that consumed alcohol were less likely to belong to Class 4 (Diabetes and Hypertension). Current smokers were more likely to belong to Class 3 (Cardiovascular-related). People with a higher body mass index tended to belong to Class 3 (Cardiovascular-related) or the Class 4 (Diabetes and Hypertension). Conclusion: This study a rmed that integrated care is urgently needed, evidenced by the largest disease class being an overlap of chronic infectious diseases and non-communicable diseases. This study also highlighted the need for hypertension to be addressed. Tackling the risk factors associated with hypertension could avert an epidemic of multimorbidity.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    A systematic method for comparing multimorbidity in national surveys
    (BMC, 2022) Roomaney, Rifqah Abeeda; van Wyk, Brian; Pillay‑van Wyk, Victoria
    Due to gaps in the literature, we developed a systematic method to assess multimorbidity using national surveys. The objectives of this study were thus to identify methods used to defne and measure multimorbidity, to create a pre-defned list of disease conditions, to identify potential national surveys to include, to select disease condi‑ tions for each survey, and to analyse and compare the survey fndings. We used the count method to defne multimorbidity. We created a pre-defned list of disease conditions by examining international literature and using local data on the burden of disease. We assessed national surveys, report‑ ing on more than one disease condition in people 15 years and older, for inclusion. For each survey, the prevalence of multimorbidity was calculated, the disease patterns among the multimorbid population were assessed using a latent class analysis and logistic regression was used to identify sociodemographic and behavioural factors associated with multimorbidity.