Browsing by Author "Phetlhu, Deliwe Rene"

Now showing 1 - 7 of 7
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Assessing knowledge, skills and attitudes of undergraduate nursing students regarding student-centered learning approach in a university in the Volta Region, Ghana
    (University of the Western Cape, 2016) Gborgblorvor, Innocentia Ruby; Phetlhu, Deliwe Rene
    Globally, Student-Centered Learning Approach (SCLA) as a pedagogical strategy has become the accepted practice in higher education. This approach to teaching and learning requires that students take responsibility for their own learning, and the teacher only facilitates and guides the students in the learning process. SCLA more often than not builds students' confidence and critical thinking skills. The benefits of SCLA to students have been well documented however there is a dearth of knowledge of SCLA on the experiences of undergraduate nursing student whose previous learning did not expose them to studentcentered learning approach.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Developing strategies to enhance implementation of early Kangaroo Mother Care (KMC) guidelines in health care facilities in Edo State, Nigeria
    (University of the Western Cape, 2018) Esewe, Roselynd Ejakhianghe; Phetlhu, Deliwe Rene
    The number of healthcare institutions that has embraced Kangaroo Mother Care (KMC) as an effective and efficient method of neonatal care especially in Edo State, Nigeria has not multiplied even after more than a decade of its recommendation by the World Health Organisation (WHO) in 2003. Nigeria ranks seventh among the ten African countries where newborns have the highest risk of dying with over 700 newborn deaths per10, 000 live births. This is worrisome because Edo State is one of the 36 states in Nigeria that contribute about 6,700 neonatal deaths to the 255,500 mortality rate recorded in Nigeria annually. This has led to a concern about the knowledge and attitude of the key drivers in neonatal care of simplified methods aimed at reducing neonatal mortality despite previous training efforts. The development of a strategy to enhance the early implementation of the WHO KMC guidelines in all healthcare facilities across the state was therefore conceptualized. Strategies to increase implementation are considered important to the success of KMC because reducing neonatal mortality rate is contextual. This research aimed to explore and describe the application of the KMC guidelines by the nurses, administrators and parents of preterm infants in the care of premature babies and to develop strategies to enhance its early implementation in healthcare facilities in Edo State, Nigeria.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Development of an Employee Assistance Programme (EAP) for midwives dealing with maternal death cases in the Ashanti Region, Ghana
    (University of the Western Cape, 2016) Dartey, Anita Fafa; Phetlhu, Deliwe Rene
    Globally, Employee Assistance Programme (EAP) has become the most effective workplace programme used to assist employees in the identification and resolution of performance and behavioural related problems. Employees, irrespective of the sector of employment are seen as the most valuable assets of any organization and therefore their wellness is as important as the organization itself. Employees' personal or work related problems may adversely affect their health as well as their productivity, thereby impeding the growth of an organization. It is for this reason that the EAP has increasingly become an important tool in addressing employees’ personal and work related challenges. Midwives as employees are prone to challenges such as maternal deaths at the workplace. They are more likely to undergo stressful situations for failing to meet the general goal of their profession, which, among others, include provision of adequate care for pregnant women until they safely deliver. These stressful conditions have negative effects on midwives' health, behaviour and productivity. However, there is no literature that has looked at how midwives in the Ashanti Region of Ghana are affected by maternal deaths and their coping mechanisms employed to address the effects of maternal deaths. Literature revealed that there is hardly any known work-related assistance programme designed to support Ghanaian midwives when faced with work-related challenges likely to affect their work-output. Hence, this study developed an appropriate EAP for midwives dealing with maternal deaths in Ghana based on the exploration and description of the effects of maternal death, coping mechanisms used and their experiences with the facility-based maternal death review (MDR). In order to meet the general aim of the study, a qualitative research approach, with a combination of exploratory, descriptive and contextual designs was used. Purposive sampling was employed to select participants; ward and unit managers (supervisors) (18) and midwives who met the inclusion criteria (39). A total of 57 participants were used in the study. Data were collected through semi-structured individual interviews and focus group discussions, as well as field notes. Thematic Content Analysis was used to manage data through transcribing, organizing, development of category and coding of data. Final data management was done with qualitative computer data analysis package (Atlas ti version 7.1.7). The full understanding of the effects of maternal deaths on midwives and the mechanisms of coping employed to address effects afforded the development of an EAP to support midwives dealing with maternal deaths. Five main themes emerged from the analysis of collected data, namely effect of death as a unique experience, multi-dimensional effects of MD on Midwives' personal life, effects of MD on the midwives’ associated environment, mechanisms of coping employed by Midwives and Perceived MDR process (Phase 1). Phase 2 considered the development of Employee Assistance Programme (EAP) for midwives dealing with maternal deaths in Ashanti Region of Ghana. The steps of developing occupational health service at the workplace by Acutt Hattingh and Bergh (2011) were applied to develop the EAP. Ethical practices pertaining to the study of human subjects as specified by the Research Ethics Committee of the University of the Western Cape and research guidelines of Ministry of Health- Ghana Health Service were observed. It is recommended that, all hospitals in Ashanti Region institute the EAP programme to assist midwives cope with challenges associated with maternal death.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Factors that motivate students to succeed at a nursing college in the Western Cape
    (The University of the Western Cape, 2017) Abraham, Beena; Phetlhu, Deliwe Rene
    The role of nursing education is to strengthen and develop human values and feelings in nursing students, aiming to make them intellectuals, as well as skilled persons. The nurse educator and nursing institutions are responsible for providing quality education and maintaining high academic standards. However, the standards are threatened due to the nursing students' relatively poor performance over the past few years at the nursing college selected for this study. Despite the reported poor performance, there are success stories that are observed amid daily challenges encountered by the nursing students in this study context. This study aimed at determining and describing the factors that motivate nursing students to succeed and achieve better learning outcomes in a nursing college in the Western Cape. The Attention, Relevance, Confidence and Satisfaction (ARCS) model was used as a framework to guide the study. A quantitative approach with a cross sectional, descriptive design was followed. The target population consisted of 768 nursing students from the second to the fourth year, who were registered for the nursing qualification in the selected nursing college. Two hundred and fifty-seven (257) participants were randomly sampled, and a self-developed questionnaire was used to collect data. The reliability of the instrument was confirmed using the Cronbach's Alpha test and the final scored for the instrument was 0.8 after two questions were omitted. The validity was maintained through the involvement of experts to evaluate whether the content of the instrument measured what was intended. Data analysis was done using the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) Version 22.0. Descriptive statistics were applied to test for frequencies in responses, and the Kruskal-Wallis test was applied to find the statistically significant differences among the groups in the study. Ethics approval from the University of the Western Cape and the participating nursing college was obtained.Throughout the study, respect for persons, beneficence and justice as ethics principles were maintained. The study revealed that, although most students felt that the topics of their studies were relevant to their lives, specific issues, such as the use of humour in teaching, inadequate academic support and an unsatisfactory learning environment, still prevailed. Based on the above research findings among others, suggestions were drafted by the researcher to increase factors that would motivate nursing students based on the ARCS model to convey improvement in the teaching of nursing students, resulting in their success in their institution, as well as the Western Cape region.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    An integrative review of measurement instruments used to assess the stigma that affects people who use drugs
    (SAGE Publications Inc., 2021) Kwakep epse Semegni, Chanceline; Phetlhu, Deliwe Rene; Marie Modeste, Regis Rugira
    This article aims to review how existing instruments to measure stigma affecting people who use drugs have been developed, which domains of stigma are measured, as well as metrics used to validate these instruments. Using the Whittemore and Knafl’s process for conducting an integrative review, six studies published between January 2002 and April 2019 were systematically analyzed. Overall, all the studies included had good methodological qualities. The results showed that the instruments measured one or more domain of stigma. However, most of these studies use already pre-validated instrument to measure stigma in mental health and adapt to fit the people who use drugs context. Based on the findings we therefore recommend that more studies exploring the experience of people who use drugs regarding stigma, and the perceptions of service provides rendering care to people who use drugs should be undertaken to develop relevant and context-specific stigma instruments
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Nurse educators’ understanding of spirituality and spiritual care in nursing: A South African perspective (Part 1)
    (Elsevier, 2020) Phetlhu, Deliwe Rene; Klopper, H.C.; Linda, N.S.
    Introduction: The nurse educators’ (NE's) expressed lack of confidence to facilitate spiritual care when teaching undergraduate nursing correlates conversely to reported lack of formal integration due to slow uptake of spiritual care in most nursing schools in South Africa. In this study, “spiritual care” relates to holistic care which is designed to reach the invisible, deep human needs that are important to meet personhood needs such as good health, search for meaning, hope, inner strength and peace. “Spirituality” refers to ‘inherent-inborn-inner motives that give meaning and hope in one's life; and the essence that gives meaning and purpose to one's very existence. Objective: The purpose of the study was to explore and describe the understanding of spiritual care in nursing practice by nurse educators. Methods and procedures: A qualitative approach using an exploratory and descriptive design was used to explore and describe the understanding of “spirituality” and “spiritual care” by the NEs. In-depth structured interviews were conducted. A sample of (n = 10) NEs who were purposively selected responded to the open-ended question “what is your understanding of spiritual care in nursing education and practice”? Findings: Three themes emerged include: (i) defining “spirituality” within a nursing context; (ii) spiritual care as a missing component in the curriculum and (iii) perceived challenges and constraints in the teaching and learning of spiritual care. Conclusion: Despite lack of spiritual care guidelines posing a problem, NEs unequivocally exemplified their willingness to teach students how to engage with patients’ spiritual needs. A need for a guiding theory and philosophy to formalised teaching of spiritual care in nursing education was acknowledged.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Nurses’ knowledge of tuberculosis, HIV, and integrated HIV/TB care policies in rural Western Cape, South Africa
    (Elsevier, 2018) Phetlhu, Deliwe Rene; Bimerew, Million; Marie-Modeste, Regis R.; Naidoo, Mogasweri; Igumbor, Jude
    HIV and tuberculosis (TB) co-infection remain the leading causes of mortality in many developing countries. Several policies for their prevention and management exist; however, progress to meet the World Health Organization’s indicators is slow. As nurses in rural areas are the main health care professionals responsible for the implementation of policies, questions arose about nursing knowledge regarding TB and HIV policies. A concurrent mixed method research approach was used to investigate this issue in a rural area of the Western Cape in South Africa. After a two-step sampling process, data were collected through 44 questionnaires and 12 interviews. We used descriptive and inferential statistics as well as content analysis methods. We found that most of the nurses had insufficient knowledge on certain aspects of policy guidelines that included medications, intensive case findings, and management of multidrug-resistant TB. It is recommended that training be intensified to improve implementation of policies.