Browsing by Author "Moodley, Desigar S."

Now showing 1 - 2 of 2
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Antimicrobial and cytotoxic activity of electrosprayed chitosan nanoparticles against endodontic pathogens and Balb/c 3T3 fibroblast cells
    (Nature Research, 2021-12) Ibrahim, A. O. I.; Moodley, Desigar S.; Uche, C.; Maboza, E.; Olivier, A.; Petrik, L.
    The aims of this study were to synthesize highly positively charged chitosan nanoparticles (Ch-Np) using the electrospraying technique, and to test their antimicrobial activity against endodontic pathogens, and cytotoxicity against fibroblast cells. Ch-Np were synthesized from low molecular weight chitosan (LMW-Ch) using the electrospraying technique, and characterized. The antimicrobial activity was evaluated against Streptococcus mutans, Enterococcus faecalis, and Candida albicans in their planktonic state using a Time-Kill Test performed by using broth micro-dilution technique, and against biofilm biomass using a microtiter plate biofilm assay. The cytotoxicity was evaluated using Balb/c 3T3 fibroblast cells with the standard MTT assay. Electrospraying of LMW-Ch produced Ch-Np with an average size of 200 nm, and a surface charge of 51.7 mV. Ch-Np completely eradicated S. mutans and E. faecalis in the planktonic state and showed fungistatic activity against C. albicans. Furthermore, it significantly reduced the biofilm biomass for all the tested microbial species [S. mutans (p = 0.006), E. faecalis (p < 0.0001), and C. albicans (p = 0.004)]. When tested for cytotoxicity using 3T3 cells, Ch-Np showed no cytotoxicity. In conclusion, the highly positively charged, colloidal dispersion of Ch-Np are effective as a biocompatible endodontic antimicrobial agent. © 2021, The Author(s).
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Management of necrotic pulp of immature permanent incisor tooth: A regenerative endodontic treatment protocol: case report
    (SADA, 2017) Moodley, Desigar S.; Peck, Craig; Moodley, Tashia; Patel, Naren
    It is possible that a paradigm shift may be in the offing in the approach to treatment of immature teeth with necrotic pulp, away from traditional apexification procedures and to a biologically-based endodontic protocol intended to produce regeneration, based on the deliberate introduction of bleeding into the canal space to provide a scaffold and allow the ingress of stem cells. Methods: A patient presented with a maxillary right central incisor tooth with an open apex and periapical radiolucency. The tooth was irrigated with sodium hypochlorite and then dressed with tri-antibiotic paste consisting of ciprofloxacin, metronidazole and amoxicillin. At a subsequent visit a blood clot was produced in the canal by irritating periapical tissues and the canal then sealed with mineral trioxide aggregate and glass ionomer cement. Results: The patient was pain free, the draining sinus was resolved in two weeks, root maturation continued and apical closure occurred after two months. The tooth became responsive to cold pulp vitality testing. Conclusions: Continued root growth invoked by regenerative endodontics may reduce the risks of fracture and premature tooth loss otherwise associated with traditional CaOH2 apexification procedures. Randomised, prospective clinical trials and long term studies are required before the technique becomes standard practice.