Browsing by Author "Maziwisa, Michelle Rufaro"

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    Barriers to access to contraceptives for adolescent girls in rural Zimbabwe as a human rights challenge
    (Routledge, 2021) Maziwisa, Michelle Rufaro
    Approximately 214 million women in developing countries between ages 15 and 49 have an unmet need for contraception.1 In Zimbabwe, 12% of unmarried adolescent girls have an unmet need for contraception. Contraceptive use among adolescents is 46%, compared to the national average of 67%.2 The World Health Organization (WHO) reports that 810 women die daily (295,650 per year) due to preventable pregnancy-related and child birth related causes, and this risk is worse for girls aged 10–14.3 Persons aged 15–24 constitute 20% of Zimbabwe’s population. Moreover, 42% of women of reproductive age and 34% of maternal deaths in Zimbabwe are within this age-group, while HIV prevalence in ante-natal young women is 27%.4 However, young people are reluctant to obtain sexual and reproductive health (SRH) services due to systemic and legal barriers. If these barriers are not addressed, many rural adolescent girls will forfeit economic advancement and risk early pregnancies and child marriages, maternal mortality and morbidity, and sexually transmitted infections (STIs), including human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).
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    An examination of the legal framework governing opportunities and barriers to economic development in Southern Africa: a case study of Zimbabwe
    (University of the Western Cape, 2016) Maziwisa, Michelle Rufaro; Lenaghan, P.
    This thesis examines the legal framework of Zimbabwe to determine if the laws and policies which are in place create opportunities for, or barriers to, economic development. Specifically, it examines the legal framework governing trade, investment and financial services. The thesis focuses on Zimbabwe as a case study and draws lessons from South Africa. It proceeds from the premise that despite the numerous attempts made at international, regional and domestic levels to increase economic development (such as through liberalisation of markets and access to international development finance), Zimbabwe has failed to attain 'developed country' status. The purpose of the thesis is to examine the causes of poor economic performance in Zimbabwe postindependence (post-1980).
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    External economic arrangements and South African cities as agents of local development: Illustrations from the City of Cape Town
    (GBATA, 2021) Maziwisa, Michelle Rufaro
    The paper examines the role of South African metropolitan cities (metros) in advancing local economic development (LED) through engagements with external actors. Globalization is increasingly changing the roles and players in international affairs. Cities are increasingly affected by global issues such as COVID-19, the global financial crisis of 2008, and climate change, and they have had to step up and engage with external actors, especially in recent years. In order to shield local economies from devastating declines, local governments have become more actively involved in pursuing LED initiatives. Furthermore, due to the increasing interconnectedness arising from globalization, cities have become more integrated into global markets, and have increased their efforts to become more competitive in order to attract foreign investment, and to establish themselves as ideal places for head offices and outsource services. In light of the economic decline caused by the COVID-19 lockdown measures, it is now, more than ever, pertinent for South African local governments to become active participants in the global arena as agents of economic cooperation and development.