Browsing by Author "Lance, Charles E."

Now showing 1 - 3 of 3
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Do state and trait measures measure states and traits? The case of community-dwelling caregivers of older adults
    (SAGE Journal, 2019-11-26) Lance, Charles E.
    Spielberger’s state and trait anxiety and anger scales are widely used and documented, but there is little or no direct evidence that they actually measure their respective state and trait aspects as was intended. We conducted latent state-trait analyses on data collected from 310 community-dwelling caregivers of older adult care recipients and found that (a) both state and trait scales reflected a mixture of state and trait aspects of their latent constructs, (b) state scales reflected more state-like variance than did corresponding trait scales, but (c) both state and trait scales were dominated by stable trait-like variance. Follow-up bivariate latent state-trait analyses indicated that correlations between trait components of anger and anxiety correlated more strongly with trait components of caregiver–care recipient mutually communal behavior and care recipient problem behavior than did state–state component correlations. Implications for the measurement of state and trait components of psychological constructs are discussed.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    A trait-state model of trust propensity: Evidence from two career transitions
    (Frontiers Media, 2019) van der Werff, Lisa; Freeney, Yseult; Lance, Charles E.
    Trust propensity is typically conceptualized as a stable, trait-like, exogenous variable. Drawing on the social investment principle of personality change, we argue that trust propensity has situationally specific components and is likely to be less stable during periods of career transition. Using a latent curve-latent state-trait model, we present evidence that suggests that trust propensity has stable (trait) and unstable (state) components during career transition periods and that it has the potential to change over time. Our results are replicated across two, transitional workplace populations during a process of (re)socialization into an organization. In our second study, we also expand our focus to examine correlates of trust propensity and demonstrate the relationship between state and trait trust propensity and cognitive depletion. Our paper significantly extends knowledge of the nature of trust propensity and raises questions about the stability of this construct, one of the core tenets of trust theory.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    What happens when employees are furloughed? A resource loss perspective
    (Sage, 2019) Baranik, Lisa E.; Cheung, Janelle H.; Sinclair, Robert R.; Lance, Charles E.
    Furloughs refer to placing employees on a temporary leave with no pay for the period of the leave. The current study draws from conservation of resources (COR) theory to examine how furloughs affect employees’ experiences of burnout, work–family conflict, and life satisfaction. Results gathered from 212 individuals show that being furloughed during the 2013 U.S. federal government shutdown was associated with perceived personal resource loss, which was related to decreased life satisfaction and increased work–family conflict and physical, cognitive, and emotional burnout 5 weeks after the shutdown ended. The relationships between furlough status and all outcomes were fully mediated by perceived resource loss. Our findings show that furloughs can and do negatively affect employees and that these effects last long after the furlough has ended.