Browsing by Author "Hassan, Fakhri"

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    A critical and an analytical study of sadeq ai-naihoum’s novel min makkah ilā hunā (from Mecca to here) deconstructive and structural approaches
    (University of the Western Cape, 2023) Hassan, Fakhri; Saidi, Mustapha
    Background: The novel is considered to be one of the most famous and distinguished prosaic literary arts in the current era, which makes it the focus and target of researchers, writers, thinkers, critics and scholars. Due to the birth of the Arab novel as a modern literary art at the beginning of the last century it was able to absorb the contradictions of Arab societies. Its birth was closely linked to the flourishing of the national awareness of Arab thinkers and writers, as it is considered a reflection of political, social, cultural and purely humanitarian patterns and conditions encompassing all its problems, concerns and ambitions. The novel, according to (Genevieve Idt, 110:1986) is considered to be an interconnected social institution, close in its connection with reality in all its economic, political and social forms. Georg Lukács is considered one of the first critics who offered beneficial and meaningful theorisation about the fictional work through his book "The Theory of the Novel" issued in 1920. He regarded it as an epic pattern which simultaneously depicts a number of human characters, as well as the social and natural environment in which these characters interact amongst each other, that is, it depicts life completely.
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    "Grammatical controversy on the temporality of the imperfect tense in the Qur�?nic text" Is it Mu�rab (declinable) or Mabn? (indeclinable)?
    (University of the Western Cape, 2018) Hassan, Fakhri; Saidi, Mustapha
    This research discusses the temporality of Al-Fi�l Al-Mo??ri� (present tense) in Arabic in terms of structure and case endings. It also focuses on the time of the imperfect tense and how it is affected by the Adaw?t (particles) and justification as well as the meaning, context and the purpose of the sentence. The study also investigates the controversial issues on finding a standardized definition of the actual imperfect tense in order to distinguish it from the outwardly one. It also investigates the changes which the imperfect tense undergoes when preceded by particles and how they change the case endings from Mabn? (Indicative) into Mu�rab apocopate (to be Jussive or Subjunctive). Another focus is investigating the reason why the tense of the verb that comes after particles of negation, prohibition, justification and denial is always imperfect not perfect or future, regardless of the context and the purpose of the text, and the reason as to why this rule applies to all Qur'?nic verses which contradict this rule when being parsed. In addition, it uses semiotics to explain the imperfect tense in the Qur'?nic verses and investigates the effectiveness of applying abstention and assembly to distinguish between the tense and it's meaning in the Qur'?nic text. This can help to determine the actual time of the tense in the Qur'?nic text which in turn helps to parse the imperfect tense correctly and to justify why there is a case ending which contradicts the grammar rules. The correct parsing of the imperfect tense, including indicative, subjunctive and jussive, will pave the way for more attempts to rectify the interpretation of the Qur'?nic verses which create controversy. This can be achieved by presenting the verses which contradict the rules of parsing, making hypotheses, analyzing them and then parsing them in a logical way utilizing an analytical approach.