Browsing by Author "Esau, Michelle"

Now showing 1 - 12 of 12
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    A public participation perspective of the process of post-settlement support in Elandskloof
    (University of the Western Cape, 2017) Titus, Andries; Esau, Michelle
    Since the dawn of South African democracy in 1994, extensive laws and policies have been introduced to facilitate transformation in the political, social and economic spheres. While South Africa has been lauded world-wide for its detailed and sophisticated constitution, many cases attest to the challenges of implementing the stipulations of the constitution, laws and policies. Arguably, constitutional rights and entitlements do not automatically result in a better life for ordinary citizens post-apartheid. Moreover, restitution processes towards addressing the atrocities of apartheid are fraught with challenges. The process of land restitution is an example that illustrates the numerous challenges in implementing laws and public policies in South Africa. Restitution is one of the three pillars of land reform - the other two are land redistribution and land tenure reform - that were introduced by the African National Congress (ANC) -led government to secure land rights to black people in South Africa. Land reform is essential to bring about political and economic development and the South African government has committed itself to transforming land ownership to reflect the democratic realities and to redressing the history of dispossession and exclusion suffered by the black majority of South Africans. While the transfer of land and settlement of claims have been processed gradually, growing evidence shows that this does not simply translate into development, poverty reduction or reconciliation.
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    Barriers to voluntary counseling and testing of individuals in selected areas of the gurage zone, Ethiopia
    (2008) Amde, Woldekidan Kifle; Esau, Michelle
    Despite wide acceptance of Voluntary Counselling and Testing (VCT) as a crucial entry point for the prevention, treatment, care and support of HIV-infected persons; the prevalence of testing in Ethiopia remains very low. A review of the literature identifies the set of factors that influence HIV testing of individuals to include socio-economic and demographic factors, knowledge of HIV/AIDS, risk perception, fear of stigma, social capital and the perceived benefit of VCT. By drawing assumptions based on the known literature, this mini-thesis explores the relationship between VCT usage and the above factors in order to explain the status of HIV testing in Moher and Aklil district, Gurage Zone, Ethiopia. The study hopes to address the dearth of material on VCT and contribute to it in a non-clinical and rural context.
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    Challenges of community policing in service delivery to the hearing-impaired community: A case of Worcester saps
    (University of the Western Cape, 2010) Christians, Ernst; Esau, Michelle
    The purpose of the study is to establish if community policing is being implemented in terms of service delivery to the hearing-impaired community by Worcester Police Service and, if so, to what extent. The study aims to establish whether the full implementation of community policing could be expected to build a positive partnership with the hearing-impaired community of Worcester. Further, a detailed discussion of community policing is embarked upon. This section provides a theoretical account of what community policing entails, as well as a theoretical framework against which the researcher's empirical study, with regard to the implementation of community policing by Worcester Police Service, can be planned, executed and results thereof evaluated. It deals with the relevant historical perspectives, presents a workable definition for community policing that will direct further conduct of the research, and provides detailed discussions on each of the elements of community policing. Implementation of this method of policing with specific reference to the police service and strengthening the partnership between police and the hearing-impaired community is to encourage consultation and proper communication that may enhance service delivery. The results of the study are furthermore presented and it is concluded that certain steps have been taken by Worcester Police Service towards the institutionalisation of community policing. The full implementation of community policing by the Worcester police service can be expected to have a significant improvement on service delivery to the hearing-impaired community of Worcester. In closing, the reader is presented with practical recommendations that will ensure the effective implementation of community policing by Worcester Police Service.
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    Challenges of community policing in-service delivery to the hearing, impaired community: a case of Worcester saps
    (University of Western Cape, 2010) Christians, Ernst; Esau, Michelle
    The purpose of the study is to establish if community policing is being implemented in terms of service delivery to the hearing-impaired community by Worcester Police Service and, if so, to what extent. The study aims to establish whether the full implementation of community policing could be expected to build a positive partnership with the hearing impaired community of Worcester. Further, a detailed discussion of community policing is embarked upon' This section provides a theoretical account of what community policing entails, as well as a theoretical framework against which the researcher's empirical study, with regard to the implementation of community policing by Worcester Police Service, can be planned, executed and results thereof evaluated. It deals with the relevant historical perspectives, presents a workable definition for community policing that will direct further conduct of the research, and provides detailed discussions on each of the elements of community policing. Implementation of this method of policing with specific reference to the police service and strengthening the partnership between police and the hearing-impaired community is to encourage consultation and proper communication that may enhance service delivery. The results of the study are furthermore presented and it is concluded that certain steps have been taken by Worcester Police Service towards the institutionalisation of community policing. The full implementation of community policing by the Worcester police service can be expected to have a significant improvement on service delivery to the hearing-impaired community of Worcester. In closing, the reader is presented with practical recommendations that will ensure the effective implementation of community policing by Worcester Police Service'.
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    An examination of the implementation of selected batho pele principles: A case study of the Western Cape Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (DAFF) and its selected clients
    (University of the Western Cape, 2018) Venter, Nico; Esau, Michelle
    The Batho Pele principles can be seen as a tool to help transform the South African public sector by making it more responsive to the needs of its citizens. The White Paper on the Transformation of the Public Service strives to enhance service delivery to all South Africans (Taylor,2007).The role of the Batho Pele principles is to improve service delivery within the public sector and to assist with the transformation of a public sector that is more effective and people centred. However, if these principles are ignored, it will lead to a public sector that only caters to the needs of the middle class and higher-income groups, thus leaving the lowerincome citizens with a substandard of service delivery. Batho Pele means to put the people first; however, that can only take place if these principles are implemented correctly and continuously and their successes and challenges monitored and addressed (RSA, 1997b). If the people are not valued, it will lead to a scenario where citizens lose trust in government. This in turn, could lead to a decrease in active public participation. By not engaging and consulting with the people, government will not adhere to the very first of the Batho Pele principles. Service delivery to all citizens and a responsive public sector are yet to be achieved (Taylor, 2007. Matas argues that the South African public sector lacks effectiveness and efficiency and as a result of this, unequal service delivery is experienced by millions of South Africans (Matas, 1994. The main research objective of this study is to examine the implementation process of the Batho Pele principles through the case of the Western Cape Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (DAFF) and how it influences its interactions with relevant clients/citizens. The reason why this department was selected was due to the fact that this department within the Western Cape was solely responsible for assisting wine farm owners across the country with the necessary submissions of wine samples and scientific laboratory reports. This process facilitates the testing, approval and marketing of the wines produced.
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    The influence of community participation on water provision: a case study of Chazanga settlement in Lusaka
    (2011) Luwabelwa, Lukonga; Esau, Michelle
    Water provision is currently a global issue in the light of current and potential future shortages in both industrialized and developing countries. Presently, water provision is a top agenda item in any national developmental program. The United Nations General Assembly, in December 2003, proclaimed the years 2005 to 2015 as the International Decade for Action ‘Water for Life’. This will also involve the reduction by half, the proportion of people without access to safe drinking water by 2015 whilst stopping unsustainable exploitation of water resources (ZNCU 2008). The ‘Water for Life’ decade is therefore expected to enhance efforts in fulfilling international commitments made on water and water-related issues by 2015. Water and sanitation is a part of goal seven of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) and addresses environmental sustainability. Despite the fact that water provision is still a challenge in developing countries especially in the sub-Saharan-African region, ironically, a number of these countries are naturally endowed with vast resources of water. These water sources emanate mainly from lakes, rivers and streams which have not been appropriately exploited.To optimize water provision and water utilization, historically, different developmental approaches have been developed and debated. Amongst these is community participation, which enables people at the grassroots to determine the pace and nature of the development required. The thrust of community participation is that the citizenry should be involved in immediate choices and decisions that affect their lives. This is also the heart of sustainable development. In the context of water provision, community participation would therefore entail the people articulating their water needs and participating in the identification and implementation of water provision interventions. In the case of Chazanga however, community participation is a developmental initiative that is recognized and is expected to be embraced at the different levels of decision making at the grassroots in this particular case referring to water projects.The study through its objectives basically endeavours to: provide a critical review of the theoretical framework of Participatory Approaches for the topic under study; explore the effect or influence of community participation on water provision in peri-urban settlements such as Chazanga; assess the level of community participation in the WSUP water project in Chazanga community and; present the main findings, recommendations and conclusions of the study. In terms of research design, the investigation will use a case study that will be implemented through the qualitative method by collecting data through in-depth interviews, focus group discussions and observations.In order to investigate the influence of community participation, the study has on the one hand provided an in-depth analysis of the water condition in the case study area. The findings show that water problems in Chazanga have been a source of concern before WSUP arrived in the settlement. On the other hand, the study provided evidence showing that the government of Zambia recognizes community participation as an important tool to address community problems from the social level. In this regard, the study discovered that there are strong structures of community participation at grassroots within Chazanga that converge frequently to discuss developments. However, there is interestingly a lack of appropriate feedback from the grassroots as community members representing the community on the Water Trust board have not informed government representatives of the development and presence of WSUP. This is as a result of the limited presence of government representatives at the grassroots level as their representation instead remains at higher levels in the community participation decentralized process.Recommendations of the study therefore suggest that the feedback process should be improved upon as well as taken advantage of, in order that government is better informed. This would as a result enhance more initiatives at community level, particularly in water provision. In addition, the study recommends an improvement on not only water supply but on sanitation issues which were discovered to be a critical issue. There is also a need to improve land allocation to make sure that boreholes are not too close to the water points. Other recommendations include the addressing of ethical issues in Chazanga which are a hindrance to community participation, as well as the immediate intervention in the improvement of livelihoods of the locals.
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    An Integrated Spiritual Leadership Model for the South African Public Service: A Case of Selected Government Departments
    (University of the Western Cape, 2013) Law, Penelope Karen P.K.; Esau, Michelle
    Current leadership models have been unable to develop leaders who are capable of successfully addressing organisational challenges such as the unethical conduct, poor performance and low morale in the South African public service. Literature suggesting that spiritual leadership may improve organisational performance is emerging. The purpose of this study is to propose and present an Integrated Spiritual Leadership (ISL) model that is relevant to the South African public service and which can address burgeoning organisational challenges. In order to realise this research purpose, the study examined theoretical perspectives pertaining to spirituality, spiritual leadership and workplace spirituality. After leadership theories within the traditional and spiritual paradigms had been discussed and compared, spiritual leadership emerged as a comprehensive leadership theory. The literature on spiritual leadership also examines empirical evidence showing the way in which spiritual leadership may enhance organisational performance. The analysis of spiritual leadership models exposed a gap in the literature and highlighted the dearth of spiritual leadership research in the African and, especially, in the South African context. The development of the ISL model was based on a comparative analysis of the nine published leadership models of the following researchers and which are premised on spiritual leadership principles – Danah Zohar and Ian Marshall, Kevin Cashman, Stephen Covey, Gilbert Fairholm, The Memorial Hermann, Louis Fry, Jeffry Ferguson and John Milliman, Margaret Benefiel, and Sangeeta Parameshwar. The ISL model comprises three core levels, namely, the spiritual leadership, team and organisational levels. These levels are all interconnected and aligned. The spiritual leadership level is characterised by four key attributes, namely, higher purpose and vision, core positive values, application of personal intelligences and changing from the inside out. In terms of the public service the three levels of the ISL model may influence individual, team and organisational outcomes by promoting the effective and efficient expenditure of public funds, improved service delivery and increased employee well-being. However, in view of the fact that the model was based on Western international models it was necessary to establish the relevance of the ISL model within the South African public service context. This study was situated in the national and provincial government departments in the South African public service. A qualitative, phenomenological study was conducted to ascertain the deep, richly textured perceptions regarding the relevance of the ISL model as regards the public service. In-depth interviews with 22 respondents, including public service managers, service providers and students of spiritual leadership training, were conducted in order to garner their opinions about the ISL model. In addition, a quantitative survey was conducted to determine the extent to which the respondents perceived the ISL model’s constructs to be relevant for public service managers. The survey was completed by 233 public service managers from public service departments in both provincial and national government departments. Both the survey and the interview respondents perceive the ISL model to be relevant for public service managers. However, the findings are relevant for Gauteng public service departments only as the data collected were not sufficiently representative of all the provinces in South Africa. Many of the respondents were of the opinion that managers who embrace and model spiritual leadership principles such as higher purpose and core positive values are well equipped to overcome organisational challenges. However, although there was general agreement as regards the constructs of the ISL model, there was no conclusive agreement on the ranking of the personal intelligences.1 A lack of technical competence influenced the survey participants to prioritise IQ above the other intelligences, whilst the interview 1 For the purposes of this study, mental intelligence (IQ), emotional intelligence (EQ), spiritual intelligence (SQ) and physical intelligence (PQ) are deemed to be personal intelligences. respondents rated spiritual intelligence (SQ) as the highest form of intelligence. The study recommends that a comprehensive approach is required if the ISL model is to be implemented successfully and in a sustainable way. It emerged that if senior managers were to endorse and promote the ISL model, this may result in the model being implemented more successfully. A specialised unit should continuously promote and monitor the realisation of the relevant department’s purpose and values. Relevant stakeholders should be involved to ensure widespread acceptance and endorsement, while the organisational strategy, systems, structure and culture should be aligned to the purpose, values and principles of the ISL model in order to promote organisational performance and employee well-being. In addition, service providers who develop the ISL model into a training and development intervention should foster deep learning so that public service leaders and managers fully embrace and internalise the principles of the ISL model. Finally, this study recommended future research. A follow-up study should be conducted to determine the relevance of this ISL model as regards all the provinces in the country as well as local government. In addition, a longitudinal study is recommended to determine the impact of the implementation of the ISL model on the South African public service.
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    An integrated spiritual leadership model for the South African public service: a case of selected government departments
    (University of the Western Cape, 2013) Law, Penelope Karen; Esau, Michelle
    The purpose of this study is to propose and present an Integrated Spiritual Leadership (ISL) model that is relevant to the South African public service and which can address burgeoning organisational challenges. In order to realise this research purpose, the study examined theoretical perspectives pertaining to spirituality, spiritual leadership and workplace spirituality. After leadership theories within the traditional and spiritual paradigms had been discussed and compared, spiritual leadership emerged as a comprehensive leadership theory. The literature on spiritual leadership also examines empirical evidence showing the way in which spiritual leadership may enhance organisational performance. The analysis of spiritual leadership models exposed a gap in the literature and highlighted the dearth of spiritual leadership research in the African and, especially, in the South African context.
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    Reconsidering the origins of protest in South Africa: some lessons from Cape Town and Pietermaritzburg
    (Unisa Press, 2011) Nleya, Ndodana; Tapscott, Chris; Thompson, Lisa; Piper, Laurence; Esau, Michelle
    Protest politics in South Africa has a long history and has been deployed differentially in different historical moments. Whereas protests formed an important vehicle during the fight against apartheid, their rebirth and propulsion to the centre of the struggles in the post-apartheid dispensation have come as a surprise to many. A majority of these protests, so-called ‘service delivery protests’, are reported as emanating from communities’ dissatisfaction with municipal service delivery as well as problems relating to lack of communication between council and councillors on the one hand and citizens on the other. In this article, we interrogate data from five study sites located in Cape Town and Pietermaritzburg. While we found support for the importance of service delivery, our data contradicts many widely held assertions as regards what causes these protests. We were able to show, for example, that these so-called ‘service delivery protests’ may actually emanate from reasons that extend beyond service delivery. Since our data indicates that levels of participation in Cape Town are higher than in Pietermaritzburg on the one hand, illustrating perhaps the different provincial contexts, there is also variation between the relatively high participation rates of the ‘black African’ sites of Langa and Khayelitsha, on the one hand, and the lower rates of the ‘coloured’ site of Bonteheuwel, on the other, which we ascribe to the disengagement of the community in Cape Town, from both local and national politics.
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    A Study on Leadership in the Implementation of Non-Custodial Sentencing by the Department of Justice and Constitutional Development and the Department of Correctional Services
    (University of the Western Cape, 2019) Mfeketho, Mziwoxolo; Esau, Michelle
    In this study, new solid supramolecular derivatised forms of bis(adamantine-1-aminium) carbonate (ADTCO3) were prepared. ADTCO3 is a derivative of amantadine used for Parkinson’s disease and has antiviral properties against influenza-A, dengue fever and pharmacological activity towards Parkinson’s disease. The new forms prepared were polymorphic and co-crystal forms of ADTCO3. Polymorphism is a phenomenon where the ability of a substance to exist in two or more crystalline forms occurs when crystallised under different conditions and co-crystallization is the process of formation of multicomponent crystals of a drug substance.
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    A study on leadership in the implementation of non-custodial sentencing by the Department of Justice and Constitutional Development and the Department of Correctional Services
    (University of the Western Cape, 2019) Mfeketo, Mziwoxolo; Esau, Michelle
    Overcrowding in prisons is a global phenomenon that undermines efforts by prison or correctional system officials to rehabilitate offenders so that they can be successfully reintegrated into society. Overcrowding in South African correctional facilities has been identified as a key challenge, which negatively affects the ability of the Department of Justice and Constitutional Development (DOJ & CD) and the Department of Correctional Services (DCS) firstly, to guarantee the rights of inmates and secondly, to create an environment that is conducive for rehabilitation. The legislation and statutory framework outline the options available to both South African courts and Correctional Officers for imposing non-custodial sentencing. Non-custodial sentencing can be imposed on: (a) offenders found guilty by courts of law and given noncustodial sentencing; and (b) offenders already in custody who are eligible for parole or correctional community supervision, in accordance with the dictates of applicable legislation. However, despite the visible gains and benefits provided for within the South African legal framework and statutory books on alternative sentencing, South African prisons continue to be overcrowded. Studies show that in the last 15 years South African correctional facilities have not experienced a situation whereby its population was below 120%. This study aims to explore the role of leadership in the implementation of non-custodial sentencing and subsequent reduction in overcrowding within the correctional facilities. Following a qualitative research approach, the researcher conducted interviews with executive leaders and operational managers of the three Western Cape management areas to determine the role of leaders in the implementation of non-custodial sentencing. In total five (5) executive leaders and ten (10) operational managers were interviewed. The findings showed that there is a need for the Department of Justice and Constitutional Development (DOJ & CD) and the Department of Correctional Services (DCS) to have a structured approach with regard to the implementation of non-custodial sentencing when dealing with problems that affect overcrowding, including the implementation of non-custodial sentences by the leadership of the DOJ & CD and the DCS.
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    The Role of Leadership in Driving Change in the Public service: The case of Employment Equity in the Western Cape Education and Health Departments
    (University of the Western Cape, 2017) Zegeye, Yodit; Esau, Michelle
    This research attempts to understand why the progress of achieving employment equity is slow by focusing on the role of leadership in driving change in the South Africa public service. Successful change and subsequent transformation depend on leaders who communicate the vision inherent in the change and convince people of the need for change, leaders who "walk the talk" by "living the vision" and successful implementation of laws such as EEA is dependent on the buy-in from leaders at the top and senior management levels. As a result, the thesis has critically reviewed and examined scholarly debates on the role of leadership and its influence on the implementation of laws and policies towards representativeness in the public service. The thesis further explored whether government departments (Western Cape Education and Health departments) are complying with the intentions and stipulations of Employment Equity Act of 1998 by specifically focusing on the nature of Affirmative Action measures being implemented.