Browsing by Author "Chamberlain, Yvonne"

Now showing 1 - 5 of 5
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    A catalogue with keys to the non-geniculate coralline algae (Corallinales, Rhodophyta) of South Africa
    (Elsevier, 2008) Maneveldt, Gavin; Keats, Derek; Chamberlain, Yvonne
    Non-geniculate coralline red algae are common in all of the world’s oceans, where they often occupy close to 100% of the primary rocky substratum. The South African rocky subtidal and intertidal habitats in particular, are rich in diversity and abundance of non-geniculate coralline red algae. Despite their ubiquity, they are a poorly known and poorly understood group of marine organisms. Few scattered records of non-geniculate coralline red algae were published prior to 1993, but these should be treated with caution since many taxa have undergone major taxonomic review since then. Also, generic names such as Lithophyllum and Lithothamnion were loosely used by many authors for a host of different non-geniculate coralline algae. A series of taxonomic studies, based mainly on the Western Cape Province of South Africa, published particularly between 1993 and 2000, has significantly extended our knowledge of these algae from southern Africa. References to these latter papers and the older records are now gathered here and a list of the well delimited families (3), subfamilies (4), genera (17) and species (43) are presented. A catalogue with keys to the various taxonomic categories is also provided. A marked reduction in the number of real taxa has been found largely because many earlier recorded taxa have been reduced to synonymy, or have not been verified, or examined in a modern context and so their placement is considered dubious, particularly because the Corallinales have undergone major taxonomic revisions in recent years.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Clathromorphum tubiforme sp. nov. (Rhodophyta, Corallinaceae) in South Africa with Comments on Generic Characters
    (Walter de Gruyter, 1995) Chamberlain, Yvonne; Norris, R.E.; Keats, Derek; Maneveldt, Gavin
    A nongeniculate, crustose coralline alga (Rhodophyta, Corallinaceae) from South Africa, is found growing epiphytically on fronds of species of the geniculate genus Ampiroa. Analysis of the vegetative and reproductive morphology and anatomy of the alga shows that it belongs to the subfamily Melobesioideae and genus Clathromorphum. It is the only known representative of the genus in South Africa. It has tetrasporangial conceptacles that are significantly smaller than those of any other described species of the genus and it is described as the new species Clathromorphum tubiforme. The diagnostic features of Clathromorphum and other genera of the Melobesioideae are discussed and it is considered that, among melobesioid genera, Clathromorphum is probably most closely related to Melobesia.
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    Synarthrophyton papillatum sp. nov.: a new species of non-geniculate coralline algae (Rhodophyta, Corallinales, Hapalidiaceae) from South Africa and Namibia
    (Elsevier, 2008) Maneveldt, Gavin; Keats, Derek; Chamberlain, Yvonne
    Polychaete worm tubes within the mid to lower intertidal zone along the South African west coast were frequently observed to be overgrown by a minutely papillate species of encrusting coralline algae. Analysis of the vegetative and reproductive morphology and anatomy of this alga shows that it is new to science and belongs to the subfamily Melobesioideae and, in particular, to the genus Synarthrophyton, which is for the most part restricted to the Southern Hemisphere. Synarthrophyton papillatum is the tenth species from this genus and the sixth recorded from southern Africa. The new species is described in detail and compared with recently documented species found to conform to the generic description of Synarthrophyton. Synarthrophyton papillatum differs from S. patena and S. eckloniae in being epilithic, not epiphytic; from S. munimentum and S. robbenense in lacking raised rims on the tetrasporangial conceptacles; and from S. magellanicum in bearing minutely warty to fruticose protuberances and generally lacking the leafy to layered, weakly attached thalli present in the latter species. A key to the southern African species of Synarthrophyton is provided.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Three species of Mastophora (Rhodophyta: Corallinales, Corallinaceae) in the tropical Indo-Pacific Ocean: M. rosea (C. Agardh) Setchell, M. pacifica (Heydrich) Foslie, and M. multistrata sp. nov
    (International Phycological Society, 2009) Keats, Derek; Maneveldt, Gavin; Baba, Masasuke; Chamberlain, Yvonne; Lewis, Jane E.
    Three species of Mastophora (Corallinaceae, Corallinales, Rhodophyta) were found in extensive studies of nongeniculate coralline algae in various areas of the tropical Indo-Pacific, including French Polynesia, Fiji, Ryukyu Islands (Japan), and Taiwan. Two species are delicate and leafy but are distinguishable on morphological grounds. Mastophora rosea plants are taeniform, dichotomously branched, and weakly calcified and have rolled margins. Their thalli show very little secondary growth, with only occasional small round patches at the surface. Tetrasporangial and carposporangial conceptacles are very high (330–640 mm) and dome-shaped to almost spherical. Mastophora rosea plants collected during this study stand out in the water because of their bluish-purple colour. Mastophora pacifica has more strongly calcified thalli that are irregularly branched, with abundant secondary growth and the development of loosely attached, crispy layers. Tetrasporangial and carposporangial conceptacles are conical (280–550 mm high). Thallus colour in M. pacifica varies substantially depending on where it is growing, ranging from violet brown to dark red to greyish ruby, but are mostly pale-pink to reddish-purple in their submerged living state. Mastophora multistrata sp. nov. plants are hard and robust. Their thalli are made up of tightly packed layers that are evident only in section. Tetrasporangial conceptacles are generally low (315–490 mm high) and dome-shaped. In their living state, M. multistrata plants are usually deep-purple plum coloured.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Three species of Mastophora (Rhodophyta: Corallinales, Corallinaceae) in the tropical Indo-Pacific Ocean: M. rosea (C. Agardh) Setchell, M. pacifica (Heydrich) Foslie, and M. multistrata sp. nov
    (International Phycological Society, 2009) Keats, Derek; Maneveldt, Gavin; Baba, Masasuke; Chamberlain, Yvonne; Lewis, Jane E.
    Three species of Mastophora (Corallinaceae, Corallinales, Rhodophyta) were found in extensive studies of non-geniculate coralline algae in various areas of the tropical Indo-Pacific, including French Polynesia, Fiji, Ryukyu Islands (Japan) and Taiwan. Two species are delicate and leafy, but are distinguishable on morphological grounds. Mastophora rosea plants are taeniform, dichotomously branched, weakly calcified, and have rolled margins. Their thalli show very little secondary growth, with only occasional small round patches at the surface. Tetrasporangial and carposporangial conceptacles are very high (330-640 m), and dome-shaped to almost spherical. Mastophora rosea plants collected during this study stand out in the water because of their bluish-purple colour. Mastophora pacifica has more strongly calcified thalli that are irregularly branched, with abundant secondary growth and the development of loosely attached, crispy layers. Tetrasporangial and carposporangial conceptacles are conical (280-550 m high). Thallus colour in M. pacifica varies substantially depending on where it is growing, ranging from violet brown to dark red to greyish ruby, but are mostly pale-pink to reddish-purple in their submerged living state. Mastophora multistrata sp. nov. plants are hard and robust. Their thalli are made up of tightly packed layers that are only evident in section. Tetrasporangial conceptacles are generally low (315-490 m high) and dome shaped. In their living state, M. multistrata plants are usually deep-purple plum coloured.