Magister Scientiae Dentium - MSc(Dent) (Orthodontics)

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Browsing by Author "Dept. of Orthodontics"

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    Applicability of tooth size predictions in the mixed dentition analysis in a Kenyan sample
    (University of the Western Cape, 2004) Ngesa, James Lwanga; Theunissen, E.T.L; Shaikh, A.B; Dept. of Orthodontics; Faculty of Dentistry
    Mixed denticentition space analysis forms a critical aspect of early orthodo However, the applicability of these methods in other ethnic groups has been varied and questionable. The aim of this study is to evaluate the accuracy of the Tanaka and Johnston (1974) and the Moyers (1988) methods in a Kenyan sample. Mesio-distal tooth widths of 131 sets of dental casts obtained from randomly selected patients (50 males; 81 females) attending Kenyatta National Hospital were measured. The mean sum of the four mandibular incisors was used to determine the sum of canine and the two premolars in one quadrant. The predicted values of the mesio-distal widths were statistically compared with their respective actual sum of the canine and premolars of the same quadrants. The results of paired t tests and scatterplots indicated that there were highly significant differences (p<0.003) between actual measurements (Σ 3, 4 & 5) and their accurate among the non-radiographic prediction methods in the mixed dentition analysis in the Kenyan sample. treatment. The two most widely used non-radiographic tooth size prediction methods were derived from populations of Northern European ancestry. predicted values from Moyers (1988) prediction method except at 85% and/or 95% confidence levels. However, Tanaka and Johnston (1974) failed to show any statistically significant differences for either sex and combined sexes at p<0.05. The Tanaka and Johnston (1974) method was the most SAMPLE .
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    A critique of the index of the complexity, outcome and need
    (University of the Western Cape, 2005) Ferreira, Dominique Abergail; Ferguson, M; Dept. of Orthodontics; Faculty of Dentistry
    The development of a uniform method of epidemiological assessment and grading of malocclusion has been of interest for several decades. Recently, Daniels and Richmond (2000) proposed a new orthodontic index namely the Index of Complexity, Outcome and Need (ICON). Their aim was to develop a single index for assessing treatment inputs and outcomes.The aim of this study was to critique the ICON and to assess to the extent to which each component of the ICON fulfils the ideal requirements of the ideal index as identified in a World Health Organization Report (WHO, 1966). The study was performed in three parts: 1) a gold standard was established to test reliability and validity of the ICON; 2) to assess ease of use and simplicity of the index; 3) and to test the applicability of the index on patients and study casts. The results showed that the ICON identified 25% of the cases as ‘no treatment’, as apposed to the 100% of the gold standard. Validity of the index was shown to be ‘poor’ for complexity (? = 0.2) and degree of improvement (? = 0.34) and ‘excellent’ for outcome. Reliability was high for all the components except for treatment need (? = 0.63). This study concluded that except for complexity and degree of improvement, the index performed well with respects to reliability, validity (of treatment outcome), ease of use and simplicity and applicability to patient and study casts.
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    Perception of occlusal appearance in 11 to 12 year-old school children in Nairobi, Kenya
    (University of the Western Cape, 2004) Psiwa, Nathan Kitio; Shaikh, A; Ferguson, M; Lalloo, R; Dept. of Orthodontics; Faculty of Dentistry
    A public orthodontic system generally is designed to prioritize patients so that those who have the greatest need receive treatment. The aim of this study was to compare the subjective perceptions of the occlusal appearance of 11 to 12 year-old schoolchildren of Nairobi with the modified Aesthetic Component (AC) scale of the Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (IOTN). The objectives were to assess the children’s perception of their occlusal appearance, categorise the occlusal appearance using the AC scale, by both the children and researcher; and to compare the children’s’ perception and the AC of the IOTN.