Towards an integrative model for understanding and managing trauma: Integral psychology as a comprehensive framework

Abstract

This is a theoretical study that draws on existing literature to provoke further development in the area of integrative theoretical paradigms of trauma. The main thesis of this study is that an integrative model of trauma, based on Ken Wilber's theory of integral psychology, would facilitate an understanding of individual differences in reaction to trauma and assist in identifying suitable interventions. The following pertinent concepts were identified from Wilber's theory: the four quadrants of experience, including individual subjective, individual objective, social interobjective and cultural intersubjective, the self-system, and the fulcrums of development. These concepts were then compared with theories and empirical studies of trauma to assess their validity for trauma. The theory was found consistent with existing theories and findings from empirical studies of trauma. This was deemed sufficient basis for developing a preliminary integrative model of trauma based on Wilber's theory. This study indicates that a model of trauma based on Wilber's framework facilitates theorising around differences in individual reactions to trauma and targeting appropriate interventions. Individual reactions are based on the interaction between the severity of the traumatic event and the individual's experiences in each of the four quadrants. The model requires comprehensive clinical reflection and empirical testing to further establish its validity.