Zacharia, Husna Ahmed2025-09-122025-09-122025https://hdl.handle.net/10566/20903Foreign Direct Investment in Africa: The wave of political independence in Africa during the 1960s ushered in a strong desire among leaders to assert economic sovereignty. While colonial economies were open to foreign investments, these investments were primarily beneficial to colonial powers, fostering a deep scepticism of foreign post-independence dominance. Leaders like Julius Nyerere championed self-reliance through policies such as Ujamaa, emphasising socialism, nationalisation, and local empowerment. This cautious approach to FDI prioritised state-led development over external capital, reflecting dismay at neo-colonialism. Whereas these restrictive policies reinforced political independence, they delayed Africa's integration into global markets, contributing to the economic quagmire in subsequent decades.enForeign direct investmentInvestment promotionTanzania Investment Centre (TIC)Economic developmentLegal and institutional frameworkThesis