Khan, SaadikaIbrahim, Yasmin2022-08-222024-04-152022-08-222024-04-152022https://hdl.handle.net/10566/10878Magister Scientiae Dentium - MSc(Dent)Tobacco is one of the most notoriously misused psychoactive substances among the world's rural and urban populations (Omare et al., 2021). WHO reported that more than eight million individuals die every year from tobacco use (WHO, 2019). This number is predicted to rise to ten million deaths by 2031 (Nidhi and Singh, 2019). Smoking tobacco has increased, and new consumption methods become a trend amongst young people (Pisinger and Døssing, 2014).enCigarette smokingTooth stainingWaterpipe smokingDentistryWorld Health Organization (WHO)University of the Western Cape