Lazarus, Suleman2026-01-122026-01-122025Lazarus, S., 2025. What is scholar-baiting? When the watcher is watched, and the social engineering attacks on scholars. Journal of Contemporary Ethnography, p.08912416251395087.https://doi.org/10.1177/08912416251395087https://hdl.handle.net/10566/21666I write from the dual position of witness and analyst, using autoethnography to examine a scholar-targeted form of social engineering. The scammers baited me, mimicking academic language, citing published work, and deploying emotionally charged narratives to elicit trust and ethical engagement. From this dual role, I introduce two emergent constructs (“scholar-baiting” and “document staging”) to describe how epistemic trust and narrative craft are exploited in academic-facing fraud. Scholar-baiting is a sub-genre of spear phishing, defined as a narrative-based form of deception. Document staging, on the other hand, is a dramaturgical tactic in which realistic artefacts are embedded to simulate plausibility and suppress suspicion. I further theorise emotional enmeshment and symbolic entrapment as emerging risks for scholars whose work centres on harm, justice, and vulnerability. I conclude by proposing a framework of defensive scholarship that repositions cyber hygiene as a form of epistemic reflexivity. This framing recognises that scholars’ ethical commitments to engagement and vulnerability can be exploited as attack surfaces. By framing scholars as high-trust nodes in digital ecosystems, I highlight a threat to academic labour that remains under-theorised but urgently relevant.enAcademic vulnerabilityDigital ethnographyDocument stagingScholar-baitingSocial engineeringArticle