Mugabo, P.Burger, A. P.Khan, Fatima2022-03-072024-05-152022-03-072024-05-152007https://hdl.handle.net/10566/15042Doctor Pharmaceuticae - DPharmAn aqueous extract prepared from the leaves and smaller stems of Leonotis leonurus was used to investigate the potential effects on certain cardiovascular parameters, such as left ventricular systolic pressure, end-diastolic pressure, developed pressure, heart rate, cardiac work and coronary perfusion pressure in isolated rat hearts. Hearts were perfused at constant flow for 3min using the modified Langendorf! perfused model of the heart. Effects of adrenaline and digoxin solutions on the isolated heart were compared to that of the plant extract. Adrenaline produced both positive inotropic and chronotropic effects. Adrenaline increased (p<O.Ol) the left ventricular systolic pressure and hence the left ventricular developed pressure by 40.6% and 43.9% at peak, and 24.3% and 31.9%, after 3min, respectively. Simultaneously, the heart rate and the cardiac work were increased (p<0.01) by 22.5% and 89.4% at peak, and 24.6% and 63%, after 3rnin, respectively. There were no significant effects on the left ventricular diastolic pressure and the coronary perfusion pressure. Digoxin solution (2.5ng/ml) significantly (p<O.Ol) increased the left ventricular systolic pressure by 5.1% after 3min and the left ventricular diastolic pressure by 9.7% at peak and 5.3% after 3min. The heart rate was significantly (p<O.OI) decreased by 3.7% at peak. The cardiac work was increased by 4.5% after 3rnin. Digoxin did not significantly affect the left end diastolic pressure and the coronary perfusion pressure. The extract of Leonons leonurus at O.lmg/ml increased (p<O.OI) the left ventricular systolic pressure and hence the left ventricular diastolic pressure by 9.7% and 10.7% at peak, and 5.4% and 5.5% after 3rnin, respectively. The cardiac work was increased (p<O.Ol) by 10.1% at peak. Leonotis leonurus (0.1mg/ml) did not significantly affect the left ventricular end diastolic pressure, the heart rate and the coronary perfusion pressure. At 0.5mg/ml, the left ventricular systolic pressure and hence the left ventricular diastolic pressure were increased (p<0.01) by 14.8% and 15.4% at peak and 7.4% and 7.8% after 3rnin, respectively with a corresponding decrease (p<O.OI) in the coronary perfusion pressure of 8.5% at peak and 4.4% after 3rnin. The cardiac work was increased (p<O.OI) by 13.6% at peak and 5.2% after 3rnin. The extract at 1.0mg/ml increased (p<O.Ol) the left ventricular systolic pressure and hence the left ventricular diastolic pressure by 25.4% and 29.4% at Peak, and 23.1% and 26.3% after 3rnin, respectively. The heart rate was reduced (p<O.OI) by 34.7% at peak and 28.3% after 3min. The cardiac work and the coronary perfusion pressure were decreased (p<O.OI) by 15.9% and 12.1% at Peak and 3.3% and 11.4% after 3rnin. However, at 2.0mg/ml, the left ventricular systolic pressure and the left ventricular diastolic pressure were increased (p<O.OI) by 14.9% at peak. The left ventricular diastolic pressure was decreased (p<O.OI)by 9.8% over the 3rnin. The heart rate was drastically decreased (p<O.OI) by 42.7% after 3rnin. The cardiac work was reduced (p<O.Ol) by 48.8% over the 3min period. Also, the coronary perfusion pressure was decreased (p<0.01) by 16.9% at peak. Thus, Leonatis leonurus produced both positive inotropic and negative chronotropic effects after 3min perfusion, accompanied by a decreased coronary perfusion pressure. Thus, it appears that the extract seemed to contain certain constituents associated with positive inotropic and negative chronotropic agents as wel! as constituents associated with coronary vasodilation. However, at the higher concentration, it seemed to contain some constituents associated with toxic effects on the isolated heart. Therefore, further studies are needed to isolate the various constituents and examine their possible pharmacological effects on the heart individually before it could be considered safe to recommend this plant for its use in the treatment of cardiovascular disease.enLeonotis leonurusTraditional medicineMedicinal plantsAqueous extractPerfused rat heartLangendorf perfusion modelLeft ventricular systolic pressureLeft ventricular end-diastolic pressureLeft ventricular developed pressureHeart rateCoronary perfusion pressureCardiac workUniversity of the Western Cape