Swart, IHankela, ENyamnjoh, H2021-04-152021-04-152021Swart, I. et al. (2021). Language practices as religious Innovation: The case of Pentecostal charismatic churches in xenophobic contexts. International Bulletin of Mission Research ,45(2), 167-1762396-939310.1177/2396939320951560https://hdl.handle.net/10566/6057In the authors� recent case-study research of migrant-dominated Pentecostal charismatic churches (PCCs) in the South African cities of Johannesburg and Cape Town, language emerged as a prominent feature of religious practice, suggesting a positive correlation between experiences of xenophobia and religious innovation. This perspective is developed through the identification and discussion of two interlinked themes that surfaced from a closer analysis of the findings: (1) belonging and diversity and (2) evangelization. These two themes are assessed through the prism of religious innovation.enAfrican migrantsLanguage practicesPentecostal charismatic churchesReligious innovationSouth AfricaXenophobiaArticle