Webster, Christopher Cvan Boom, Kathryn MerleArmin, Nur2020-11-112020-11-112020Webster, C. C. et al. (2020). Reduced glucose tolerance and skeletal muscle GLUT4 and IRS1 content in cyclists habituated to a long-term low-carbohydrate, high-fat diet. International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism ,30(3), 210-2171543-2742http://hdl.handle.net/10566/542010.1123/ijsnem.2019-0359Very little is known about how long-term (>6 months) adaptation to a low-carbohydrate, high-fat (LCHF) diet affects insulin signaling in healthy, well-trained individuals. This study compared glucose tolerance; skeletal muscle glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) and insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS1) content; and muscle enzyme activities representative of the main energy pathways (3-hydroxyacetyl-CoA dehydrogenase, creatine kinase, citrate synthase, lactate dehydrogenase, phosphofructokinase, phosphorylase) in trained cyclists who followed either a long-term LCHF or a mixed-macronutrient (Mixed) diet. On separate days, a 2-hr oral glucose tolerance test was conducted, and muscle samples were obtained from the vastus lateralis of fasted participants.enGlucose clearanceInsulin signaling pathwayKetogenic dietSkeletal MuscleDietArticle