Browsing by Author "Makgwane, Peter"

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    Uric acid signal transduction enhancement through the electrical wiring of urate oxidase with copper schiff base complex and reduced graphene oxide
    (Elsevier Ltd, 2025) Moeketse, Teboho; Baker, Priscilla; Makgwane, Peter
    Uric acid (UA) is an important antioxidant biomolecule and disease biomarker in body fluids such as urine, sweat, serum, and saliva. In this paper, we developed an electrochemical biosensor to enhance UA signals using glassy carbon electrodes (GCEs) modified with graphene oxide, copper Schiff base complex and uricase enzyme. The reduced graphene oxide modified sensor took the lead by enhancing the UA signal response when coupled to Schiff base complex modified electrodes. The uricase enzyme biosensor yielded an extended linear range due to its catalytic effect on the UA oxidation process. The development of the sensors involved a step-by-step evaluation of the sensor performance using scanning mode and fixed potential mode electrochemistry, as well as spectroscopic and microscopic techniques. Square wave voltammetry in particular reported UA signal response in the linear range was 12 µM to 167 + µM, and LOD was in the range of 0.26 – 2.54 µM for UA sensors. This information is valuable for sensor application in human biofluids where UA concentrations may manifest up to 150–450 µM.